the challenger disaster 2019

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[somber music]

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[somber music continues]

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Subtitles by explosiveskull

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[Adam exhales sharply]

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I am an O-ring expert.

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I worked on the
Solid Rocket Boosters

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for the Space Shuttle
Challenger.

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So you work for NASA?

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No.

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I worked for the company
in Utah

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that was contracted
to build rockets for NASA.

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You work there now?

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No.

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And your responsibilities
were...

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what?

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I was appointed to the
Special Seals Integrity Unit.

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And I would make inspections
for the recovered rockets

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and the rockets
that were ready for launch.

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And on the night in question
during the telecon,

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I made my findings clear.

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Just a moment, please.
We will get to that later.

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During the presidential
commission,

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my colleagues and I
expressed our concern.

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We will get to that later.

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I'm here to bring
a billion-dollar civil suit

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against my company,

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so what do you want to know
right now?

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I'm here to determine
if you are a victim,

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or if you are the cause
of the problem

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before we take your case.

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I'm not the problem.

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You were responsible
for the O-rings, correct?

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Yes.

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Did anyone work for you
or with you?

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What does that matter?

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Because what you are proposing
we do with your case

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won't be like the Presidential
Commission hearings.

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In the Court of Public Opinion,
perception matters.

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Now, was anyone working for you
or with you?

40
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I didn't have any employees
working for me, so what?

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I'm responsible?

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Didn't take you long
to us get there, did it?

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I'm here to protect you.

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Protect us from what?

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Well, I heard
about what you did,

46
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which was a great thing.

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You saw something
that concerned you

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and you spoke up about it.

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I'm the one
that tried to stop it.

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The future of the space program
was in our hands.

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And seven lives.

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And seven lives.

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There are gonna be a lot
of accusations,

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a lot of questions,

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but this is our chance, that...

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I mean, our story,
as a team, is heard.

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Did you know that
the Space Shuttle Challenger

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was set to launch
the day before?

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And had it launched,

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everything would have been
perfectly fine.

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If not for a jammed up
door handle

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on the outer hull of the hatch.

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[suspenseful music]

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[suspenseful music continues]

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[beeping]

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[man #1] Yes, sir.

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No, sir.

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Yes, sir, we're working on it.

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Yes, sir.

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There were a lot of factors
that contributed to this.

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In 1986, the space program
was attempting to launch

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24 shuttles a year.

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[man #2] We're really
gonna work on a spaceship

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with a hacksaw?

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[man #3]
Should we get the drill?

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[man #2] I don't know.

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They weren't even getting close.

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The most we got was ten.

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I think they should send Mike
up with the drill.

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You guys sending Mike up?

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It was embarrassing.

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And only added pressure on us
to launch.

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- What'd they say?
- Mike's coming up.

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I'll do it.

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[foreboding music]

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[drill whirring]

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[man #2] Got it.

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Yes, sir. We got it.

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Okay.

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Okay.

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Okay. Well, I'll let them know,
but I think...

92
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Yes, sir, I'll let them know.

93
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What's going on?

94
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They're pushing launch
to tomorrow.

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Put it back on.

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Okay.

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[drill whirring]

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- Five minutes to finish.
- [Charis] Okay.

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[Mary] Emma!

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Five minutes to get ready.

101
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Dad makes the rockets?

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No, dummy, he seals them.

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- Don't say "dummy."
- [Charis] Stop!

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Stop. Mom!

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- Stop it.
- [Emma] I'm trying to show her.

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- Stop! Stop!
- The rocket is broken up

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into pieces and he makes sure
they are sealed

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- when they go back together.
- Stop that. Come here.

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[Emma] I was trying to show her.

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Name-calling and bullying
accomplishes nothing.

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But Dad says being right
is what matters.

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Dad, tell her
you make the rockets.

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[Adam] I seal the rockets.

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[Emma] See?

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And that's part
of making the rockets.

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- [Charis] See?
- Come on, let's go.

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We're gonna be late.

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[Adam] Let's go, let's go.
Five, four, three, two...

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Don't forget your lunch.

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...one.

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Emma, hey.

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- Dad?
- Yep?

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Is the shuttle launching today?

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Nope. You're good.

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[Mary] Wait. Why not?

126
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Those idiots
can't get anything right.

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Don't say "idiots."

128
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And just remember how
you're right is important, too.

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There's only one way
to be right.

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[Charis] Dad?

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[Adam] Yeah?

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Does everybody work
at the company you work for?

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[Adam] Mostly.

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How many?

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I don't know.
Thousands of those doo-dahs.

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Dad?

137
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[Adam] Yes?

138
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Is Mom right or are you right?

139
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[Adam] Now that's
the right question to be asking.

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Don't you ever forget that.

141
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In our family,
we do what's right, okay?

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- What does that mean?
- [Charis] What does that mean?

143
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That means your mom
is probably right.

144
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But we'll see.

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[reporter] Many of you
in the news media have asked

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to have an opportunity to,
uh, to hear a little a bit more

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about the events
that occurred, uh, this morning.

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[man #1]
Okay, thank you. You know what?

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Of course,
it was just not our day.

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Removed in the...

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the ground support
assist handle.

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And that handle
could not be removed

153
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because a threaded fastener

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apparently was stripped.

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And we had a little bit
of problem with the...

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the frost and the ice
on the external tank.

157
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And then the wind picks up.

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Uh, we we're really getting
in the condition of no go

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from the standpoint
of RTLS crosswind.

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[man #2] Today also, we used
a hacksaw on the, uh, vault.

161
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[man #1] Well, if the, uh,
they did use a hacksaw

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to... to cut away the...
the cylinder

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on this...
this particular handle.

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[reporter] What...
At what point would you say,

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tomorrow the temperature's
have caused, uh, a scrub in...

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[man #2]
The outside temperature,

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the absolute
outside temperature,

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we... we don't have...

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No one seemed to care
about the space program

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until that stunt
with that teacher.

171
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Why do you call it a stunt?

172
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It was unnecessary.

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But, suddenly everyone's
interested in space again.

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[Adam] Everyone was glued
to their TVs, which meant...

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all eyes were on us.

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[Carl] Adam. Adam!

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When do you think
they will reschedule the launch?

178
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Not sure.

179
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Why did they scrub the launch
in the first place?

180
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I don't know.

181
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What about the...

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[Adam] Just getting to work
like you, okay?

183
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I'm sure we'll find out.

184
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[Carl] Okay. But, uh, they're
expecting the temperatures

185
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to be below freezing in Florida.

186
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Freezing in Florida?

187
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Okay.

188
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[Finch] The Challenger launch
was postponed three times

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and scrubbed once
from the planned date

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of January 22, 1986.

191
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Correct.

192
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They have a way of twisting
your words around

193
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and using them against you.

194
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Would the other launches
have resulted in O-ring failures

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had they taken place?

196
00:11:35,578 --> 00:11:38,809
You say one thing a little bit
different a year from now...

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you're on trial for perjury.

198
00:11:40,810 --> 00:11:44,343
I guess the other launches
would have been fine.

199
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Do you do a lot of guessing
in your line of work?

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[reporter]
Florida may be experiencing

201
00:11:48,411 --> 00:11:49,510
record low temperatures,

202
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but the heat is still on.

203
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School children from around
the nation have gathered

204
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to watch their favorite teacher
prepare to blast off into space.

205
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Sadly, there will be
no launch today

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as NASA has yet again
scrubbed another shuttle launch.

207
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This time, because
of a jammed door handle.

208
00:12:06,913 --> 00:12:10,741
Will NASA ever launch
space shuttle Challenger?

209
00:12:10,743 --> 00:12:12,806
I didn't find out until 1 p.m.

210
00:12:12,808 --> 00:12:14,941
that they planned to launch
the next morning.

211
00:12:14,943 --> 00:12:17,409
What was your main concern
that day?

212
00:12:17,411 --> 00:12:19,240
Temperature was a concern.

213
00:12:19,242 --> 00:12:20,775
It was the concern.

214
00:12:20,777 --> 00:12:23,242
And at around five o'clock,
we began to realize

215
00:12:23,244 --> 00:12:24,540
we were in some serious trouble.

216
00:12:24,542 --> 00:12:26,874
[Adam] Listen to me,
I don't think you realize

217
00:12:26,876 --> 00:12:29,177
how deadly important this is.

218
00:12:29,179 --> 00:12:32,375
The shuttle is scheduled
to launch in about 16 hours,

219
00:12:32,377 --> 00:12:34,309
so I need to know from you guys

220
00:12:34,311 --> 00:12:37,442
what exactly is the temperature
going to be?

221
00:12:37,444 --> 00:12:39,675
- [weather man] In Florida?
- Yes, in Florida!

222
00:12:39,677 --> 00:12:42,476
The rockets are in Florida.

223
00:12:42,478 --> 00:12:44,209
[weather man]
I'll check, uh, let me see...

224
00:12:45,512 --> 00:12:47,310
Looks like 30 degrees.

225
00:12:49,442 --> 00:12:51,209
And you're sure
that's Cape Canaveral,

226
00:12:51,211 --> 00:12:53,143
not Orlando, right?

227
00:13:00,710 --> 00:13:03,874
[Carl chattering indistinctly]

228
00:13:05,444 --> 00:13:06,542
[Adam] Carl, get out.

229
00:13:06,544 --> 00:13:08,773
- Whoa!
- It's 30 degrees right now.

230
00:13:08,775 --> 00:13:10,339
- So?
- In Florida.

231
00:13:11,676 --> 00:13:13,576
- Are you sure?
- [Adam] Of course, I'm sure.

232
00:13:13,578 --> 00:13:15,807
Why do you think
I came storming in here?

233
00:13:15,809 --> 00:13:18,242
You come storming in everywhere.

234
00:13:18,244 --> 00:13:19,745
Is it going to get colder
than 30 degrees?

235
00:13:19,747 --> 00:13:21,743
What do you think?
Does it get colder at night?

236
00:13:22,478 --> 00:13:23,543
Fair point.

237
00:13:23,545 --> 00:13:24,610
- Carl.
- [Carl] Mm?

238
00:13:24,612 --> 00:13:25,707
What do you think?

239
00:13:25,709 --> 00:13:27,842
That sounds serious.
I think we should tell someone.

240
00:13:27,844 --> 00:13:28,976
Okay, we'll get the guys
together,

241
00:13:28,978 --> 00:13:30,911
and we'll, um, discuss it
and then take it upstairs.

242
00:13:30,913 --> 00:13:33,176
Will do.

243
00:13:33,178 --> 00:13:35,276
Oh, um, where do you want
us to meet?

244
00:13:35,278 --> 00:13:36,641
[Bill] Bullpen.

245
00:13:36,643 --> 00:13:38,208
[Carl] Okay.

246
00:13:38,210 --> 00:13:39,541
Uh, where in the bullpen?

247
00:13:39,543 --> 00:13:41,645
- Oh, boy.
- Anywhere is fine, Carl.

248
00:13:41,647 --> 00:13:42,643
On it.

249
00:13:44,479 --> 00:13:45,776
[Adam] This guy.

250
00:13:45,778 --> 00:13:47,310
You have to take it down
a notch.

251
00:13:47,312 --> 00:13:48,308
What?

252
00:13:48,310 --> 00:13:50,242
That's why nobody
listens to you, you know.

253
00:13:50,244 --> 00:13:51,475
The storming in.

254
00:13:51,477 --> 00:13:53,344
Kicking Carl out.

255
00:13:53,346 --> 00:13:54,542
You know he agrees with you.

256
00:13:54,544 --> 00:13:56,108
Oh, yeah, 'cause I'm right.

257
00:13:58,245 --> 00:13:59,342
Okay.

258
00:14:00,343 --> 00:14:02,375
What do you want to do about it?

259
00:14:02,377 --> 00:14:05,208
Well, what have I been
talking about?

260
00:14:05,210 --> 00:14:06,810
- Okay. Okay.
- For months?

261
00:14:06,812 --> 00:14:08,276
Dial it down.

262
00:14:10,376 --> 00:14:11,841
You are right.

263
00:14:13,178 --> 00:14:14,943
Correct. We believe you.

264
00:14:14,945 --> 00:14:16,575
[Bill]
No one has ever been righter

265
00:14:16,577 --> 00:14:18,510
in the history of being right!

266
00:14:18,512 --> 00:14:20,745
So, what should we do?

267
00:14:20,747 --> 00:14:23,809
Who do you want me to call?
You want me to call Reagan?

268
00:14:23,811 --> 00:14:25,644
How do we convince them
that you are right?

269
00:14:25,646 --> 00:14:27,741
Convince?
This isn't a convincing thing.

270
00:14:27,743 --> 00:14:29,477
You show them the numbers,
and that's the number.

271
00:14:29,479 --> 00:14:32,844
I know, but have the numbers
meant anything so far?

272
00:14:34,479 --> 00:14:35,809
No.

273
00:14:35,811 --> 00:14:38,407
And you've been at this
for about a year now?

274
00:14:38,409 --> 00:14:39,473
And?

275
00:14:41,211 --> 00:14:46,443
So, how do we discuss
and convince?

276
00:14:46,445 --> 00:14:49,440
Do you want to run
into every office hysterically?

277
00:14:49,442 --> 00:14:50,874
Screaming that the sky
is falling?

278
00:14:50,876 --> 00:14:53,609
Again, I don't understand
what you're saying right now.

279
00:14:53,611 --> 00:14:55,707
- These idiots...
- All right. Hold on. All right!

280
00:14:55,709 --> 00:14:57,643
Let's just talk to the guys
and see what they say.

281
00:14:57,645 --> 00:14:59,442
- [Carl] That good?
- [Adam] Well, it doesn't matter.

282
00:14:59,444 --> 00:15:01,307
Once they see the facts,
then they'll see.

283
00:15:01,309 --> 00:15:02,375
[Carl]
Adam, I'm getting a headache

284
00:15:02,377 --> 00:15:03,441
just thinking about this stuff.

285
00:15:03,443 --> 00:15:04,439
Come on, let's go.

286
00:15:05,880 --> 00:15:07,878
[thrilling music]

287
00:15:14,809 --> 00:15:16,243
[Dean] What is it, Carl?

288
00:15:16,245 --> 00:15:18,576
Oh, um, Adam has something
to talk about.

289
00:15:18,578 --> 00:15:20,375
[Dean] Is it actually important?

290
00:15:20,377 --> 00:15:22,374
[Carl] He says it's 30 degrees
in Florida.

291
00:15:25,244 --> 00:15:27,910
Well, then, that is important.

292
00:15:27,912 --> 00:15:29,376
I'll be there in a moment.

293
00:15:29,378 --> 00:15:30,477
Uh, Carl?

294
00:15:30,479 --> 00:15:31,843
Yes, Dean?

295
00:15:31,845 --> 00:15:33,477
[Dean] Where is "there"?

296
00:15:33,479 --> 00:15:35,642
Oh, uh, the bullpen.

297
00:15:35,644 --> 00:15:38,743
Uh, Carl, where in the bullpen?

298
00:15:38,745 --> 00:15:40,742
[stutters]
Oh, I don't know. The middle?

299
00:15:45,280 --> 00:15:47,277
[thrilling music]

300
00:16:01,280 --> 00:16:02,774
Adam and Bill wanna see us.

301
00:16:02,776 --> 00:16:05,543
Oh, come on.
I was just about to leave.

302
00:16:05,545 --> 00:16:07,511
I'm hungry. Where we going?

303
00:16:07,513 --> 00:16:09,644
You really need to get a handle
on this sort of stuff.

304
00:16:09,646 --> 00:16:10,777
Get it? Handle?

305
00:16:10,779 --> 00:16:13,345
Okay, are you gonna tell me
what's going on or what?

306
00:16:13,347 --> 00:16:14,643
Oh, we need to get Frank.

307
00:16:14,645 --> 00:16:15,543
Frank.

308
00:16:15,545 --> 00:16:17,810
Adam's not gonna like us
getting Frank.

309
00:16:17,812 --> 00:16:19,677
Adam doesn't like anything.
Come on.

310
00:16:21,680 --> 00:16:23,678
[suspenseful music]

311
00:16:27,511 --> 00:16:29,344
We've been summoned.

312
00:16:29,346 --> 00:16:31,809
Not me. I'm not here.

313
00:16:31,811 --> 00:16:33,809
Adam says it's 30 degrees
in Florida.

314
00:16:33,811 --> 00:16:35,478
Really?

315
00:16:35,480 --> 00:16:37,510
What is it with this guy,
and what's his problem?

316
00:16:37,512 --> 00:16:39,843
I don't know. Let's go find out.

317
00:16:39,845 --> 00:16:42,477
[Frank] I need you guys
to back me up on this in there.

318
00:16:42,479 --> 00:16:44,477
Maybe we should hear him out,
you know, just in case.

319
00:16:44,479 --> 00:16:46,679
He has been going on
about this for a year,

320
00:16:46,681 --> 00:16:47,942
I'm sick of it.

321
00:16:47,944 --> 00:16:49,411
[Edwin]
The sooner this is over with,

322
00:16:49,413 --> 00:16:51,844
the sooner
we can get some dinner.

323
00:16:51,846 --> 00:16:53,911
Hey, guys, what's happening?
Happy hour?

324
00:16:53,913 --> 00:16:56,177
[Frank] Can somebody tell me
why I'm not at home

325
00:16:56,179 --> 00:16:57,745
having dinner right now?

326
00:16:57,747 --> 00:16:59,576
What is the problem?

327
00:16:59,578 --> 00:17:01,310
It's too cold to launch.

328
00:17:01,312 --> 00:17:02,744
[Frank] Really?

329
00:17:02,746 --> 00:17:06,212
It's too cold to light up
a million pounds of rocket fuel?

330
00:17:06,214 --> 00:17:07,311
What's he doing here?

331
00:17:07,313 --> 00:17:10,209
I thought we could use
as many people as possible.

332
00:17:10,211 --> 00:17:11,678
Let me ask you this,

333
00:17:11,680 --> 00:17:14,678
how does rocket fuel do
when it's spewing out the side

334
00:17:14,680 --> 00:17:16,744
instead of the bottom,
Von Braun?

335
00:17:16,746 --> 00:17:19,278
All we have to do
is take this memo,

336
00:17:19,280 --> 00:17:20,580
show 'em the facts,

337
00:17:20,582 --> 00:17:22,343
and then NASA
will reschedule the launch

338
00:17:22,345 --> 00:17:24,644
till later in the day
or when it warms up.

339
00:17:24,646 --> 00:17:25,676
It's all in the memo.

340
00:17:27,711 --> 00:17:28,741
The memo?

341
00:17:29,813 --> 00:17:31,277
Yes, the memo.

342
00:17:32,478 --> 00:17:34,244
Tell them what's on the memo?

343
00:17:34,246 --> 00:17:35,876
I've been working on this
for over a year.

344
00:17:35,878 --> 00:17:37,077
It has all my findings.

345
00:17:37,079 --> 00:17:39,576
And now you're gonna tell me
that none of you read my memo?

346
00:17:39,578 --> 00:17:40,642
- I read it.
- I didn't read it.

347
00:17:40,644 --> 00:17:42,479
- I skimmed it.
- Okay.

348
00:17:42,481 --> 00:17:45,377
It's on the memo. It's cold.
What does it mean?

349
00:17:45,379 --> 00:17:47,277
- [scoffs]
- Do you have a problem?

350
00:17:47,279 --> 00:17:48,344
- [Bill] Guys.
- [Frank] You know something?

351
00:17:48,346 --> 00:17:49,342
You're like this pebble

352
00:17:49,344 --> 00:17:51,608
that gets under the wheel
of a shopping cart

353
00:17:51,610 --> 00:17:53,511
and makes it go...
[imitating rustling sound]

354
00:17:53,513 --> 00:17:55,376
Oh, yeah, that's right.

355
00:17:55,378 --> 00:17:57,509
And you're like the guy
that can't build a shopping cart

356
00:17:57,511 --> 00:17:59,311
that can go over a pebble.

357
00:17:59,313 --> 00:18:00,442
What do you even do here?

358
00:18:00,444 --> 00:18:02,875
I make sure guys like you
don't torpedo our company.

359
00:18:02,877 --> 00:18:03,777
- Torpedo?
- [Adam] Torpedo?

360
00:18:03,779 --> 00:18:05,542
Can we just have the facts,
gentlemen?

361
00:18:05,544 --> 00:18:07,374
All of this bickering
gets us nowhere.

362
00:18:08,846 --> 00:18:11,675
What's the coldest temperature
NASA has ever launched

363
00:18:11,677 --> 00:18:13,778
one of our
Solid Rocket Boosters?

364
00:18:13,780 --> 00:18:16,612
STS-51-C.

365
00:18:16,614 --> 00:18:20,645
One year ago minus three days,
third launch of Discovery,

366
00:18:20,647 --> 00:18:23,309
the temperature
53 degrees Fahrenheit.

367
00:18:23,311 --> 00:18:24,744
Wow, good job, Dean.

368
00:18:24,746 --> 00:18:26,877
Oh, yeah, cookies for everybody.

369
00:18:26,879 --> 00:18:29,711
Hey, Frank,
what's the coldest temperature

370
00:18:29,713 --> 00:18:32,244
we've ever tested one
of our Solid Rocket Boosters?

371
00:18:32,246 --> 00:18:33,643
Hey, Adam, do you get more

372
00:18:33,645 --> 00:18:36,644
or less erosion
at a 73-degree launch?

373
00:18:36,646 --> 00:18:38,611
Oh, so you did read it,

374
00:18:38,613 --> 00:18:40,443
and you know
there was more erosion

375
00:18:40,445 --> 00:18:41,846
but less blowby.

376
00:18:41,848 --> 00:18:44,743
You are trying to stop
this launch,

377
00:18:44,745 --> 00:18:46,742
and I am not going to allow it.

378
00:18:48,446 --> 00:18:50,179
And neither is Carl.

379
00:18:50,181 --> 00:18:53,645
If there was a problem,
why didn't you stop the launch?

380
00:18:53,647 --> 00:18:55,379
[Adam]
Because it wasn't up to me.

381
00:18:55,381 --> 00:18:57,343
I'm not the decision-maker.

382
00:18:57,345 --> 00:19:00,178
There is a chain of command.

383
00:19:00,180 --> 00:19:04,409
We are just a very small cog
in a very big machine.

384
00:19:04,411 --> 00:19:07,442
Seems pretty important.

385
00:19:07,444 --> 00:19:10,343
[Adam] The shuttle is made up
of millions of parts.

386
00:19:10,345 --> 00:19:15,312
It is the most complex piece
of machinery in human history.

387
00:19:15,314 --> 00:19:19,311
The O-rings are just one piece
in a sea of pieces.

388
00:19:19,313 --> 00:19:20,711
And no was listening.

389
00:19:20,713 --> 00:19:23,279
We need to hear more
before we decide either way.

390
00:19:23,281 --> 00:19:24,643
Okay, shopping cart genius.

391
00:19:24,645 --> 00:19:27,577
Uh... Don't take my pencil.

392
00:19:27,579 --> 00:19:31,946
When we ship all the pieces
of our four-story rockets,

393
00:19:31,948 --> 00:19:35,242
and they put them
all back together at Kennedy,

394
00:19:35,244 --> 00:19:38,277
how do you think we keep
a million pounds of rocket fuel

395
00:19:38,279 --> 00:19:40,613
from spewing out
of the connection points?

396
00:19:40,615 --> 00:19:41,845
[Adam] With our seals.

397
00:19:41,847 --> 00:19:45,613
And if our seals don't seal,
then everyone blows up and dies!

398
00:19:45,615 --> 00:19:47,243
The problem is you can't prove

399
00:19:47,245 --> 00:19:49,243
that the temperature
is a problem!

400
00:19:49,245 --> 00:19:50,845
I know, that's the problem!

401
00:19:50,847 --> 00:19:52,677
Is this what you guys want?

402
00:19:52,679 --> 00:19:56,579
You want this guy making
decisions about your future?

403
00:19:56,581 --> 00:19:59,511
Yeah, why are you making such
a big deal about this tonight?

404
00:19:59,513 --> 00:20:00,510
No.

405
00:20:00,512 --> 00:20:02,613
He's been on about this
for about a year now.

406
00:20:02,615 --> 00:20:03,743
[Frank] Exactly.

407
00:20:03,745 --> 00:20:06,878
And none of the other
shuttle launches got stopped.

408
00:20:06,880 --> 00:20:10,311
When we launched in 30 degrees?

409
00:20:10,313 --> 00:20:11,711
You know, I think we should talk
to the boss.

410
00:20:11,713 --> 00:20:12,779
Run it up the chain.

411
00:20:12,781 --> 00:20:13,879
[scoffs]

412
00:20:13,881 --> 00:20:17,846
Guys, Adam here knows
that he cannot stop a launch

413
00:20:17,848 --> 00:20:20,743
unless everybody else here
is on board.

414
00:20:20,745 --> 00:20:23,711
And he also knows that
management is not going to stop

415
00:20:23,713 --> 00:20:28,279
a billion-dollar launch
without any proof.

416
00:20:28,281 --> 00:20:34,511
And Adam also knows
that he is just one guy.

417
00:20:39,180 --> 00:20:42,377
I must say, I am unconvinced.

418
00:20:43,713 --> 00:20:48,342
I think... we should run
this up the chain

419
00:20:48,344 --> 00:20:50,344
however painful it might be.

420
00:20:50,346 --> 00:20:51,577
Bad idea.

421
00:20:52,514 --> 00:20:53,380
I may be unconvinced,

422
00:20:53,382 --> 00:20:55,845
but this discussion needs
to happen.

423
00:20:55,847 --> 00:20:58,947
To do nothing at this point
would be a big mistake.

424
00:20:58,949 --> 00:21:00,678
Let's say we do postpone
the launch.

425
00:21:00,680 --> 00:21:02,710
What's the worst
that could happen?

426
00:21:02,712 --> 00:21:05,577
Management might find
a replacement company to build

427
00:21:05,579 --> 00:21:08,445
the Solid Rocket Boosters,
that's what.

428
00:21:08,447 --> 00:21:10,843
Oh, and also, our company,

429
00:21:10,845 --> 00:21:13,710
you know,
the one we still work for,

430
00:21:13,712 --> 00:21:15,612
they might just start
laying off people

431
00:21:15,614 --> 00:21:20,114
because we are the ones who
delay launches at the 13th hour.

432
00:21:20,848 --> 00:21:22,577
I think he has a point.

433
00:21:22,579 --> 00:21:24,644
We all have jobs to think about.

434
00:21:24,646 --> 00:21:25,777
And dinners.

435
00:21:26,848 --> 00:21:28,880
Don't you have a kid in college?

436
00:21:29,848 --> 00:21:32,346
Don't you have a mortgage?

437
00:21:32,348 --> 00:21:34,179
And don't you have a wife
and two kids

438
00:21:34,181 --> 00:21:35,944
who are depending on you?

439
00:21:35,946 --> 00:21:37,846
Yeah, we have
all these problems,

440
00:21:37,848 --> 00:21:39,377
but what's the solution here

441
00:21:39,379 --> 00:21:40,880
that's not killing
another launching?

442
00:21:40,882 --> 00:21:42,712
And what happens if we blow up
the shuttle tomorrow?

443
00:21:42,714 --> 00:21:43,913
What happens after that?

444
00:21:43,915 --> 00:21:45,812
- That is beyond ridicu...
- Come on now let's settle down.

445
00:21:45,814 --> 00:21:46,779
I never thought of it like that.

446
00:21:46,781 --> 00:21:48,679
- How's that for job security?
- Ridiculous.

447
00:21:49,811 --> 00:21:52,345
- Adam, you can get back to them.
- [sighs]

448
00:21:52,347 --> 00:21:53,779
I really admire
what you guys did.

449
00:21:53,781 --> 00:21:56,746
You don't have the first clue
about what we did,

450
00:21:56,748 --> 00:22:00,247
or what we do,
or what we will do.

451
00:22:00,249 --> 00:22:01,711
He's on our team.

452
00:22:01,713 --> 00:22:03,313
It's time you two
start acting like it.

453
00:22:03,315 --> 00:22:04,211
Yeah, ever since this happened

454
00:22:04,213 --> 00:22:05,814
management has been trying
to paint me

455
00:22:05,816 --> 00:22:07,846
as some kind of...

456
00:22:07,848 --> 00:22:10,778
malcontent employee,
bent on causing problems.

457
00:22:13,414 --> 00:22:15,178
Excuse us for just a minute.

458
00:22:15,180 --> 00:22:16,646
No, no,
it's completely all right.

459
00:22:16,648 --> 00:22:19,379
You're right, I don't know you.
Personally. I don't know...

460
00:22:19,381 --> 00:22:21,613
But I know you're a person
of conviction.

461
00:22:21,615 --> 00:22:24,444
And I know that you care deeply
about the space program,

462
00:22:24,446 --> 00:22:27,480
which is why we're all here
trying to get this sorted out.

463
00:22:27,482 --> 00:22:29,811
What do you make of him so far?

464
00:22:29,813 --> 00:22:32,612
Well, if you press him,
he falls apart.

465
00:22:32,614 --> 00:22:36,647
He's defensive, rude,
and difficult to deal with.

466
00:22:36,649 --> 00:22:38,213
Hmm.

467
00:22:38,215 --> 00:22:40,444
I would like to hear more,
though.

468
00:22:40,446 --> 00:22:45,415
Look, what we can't do
is turn on each other.

469
00:22:45,417 --> 00:22:49,914
I mean, yeah, let's get it
all out in here where it's safe.

470
00:22:49,916 --> 00:22:53,581
But out there,
we have to stick together.

471
00:22:53,583 --> 00:22:55,581
Are you asking us to lie?

472
00:22:55,583 --> 00:22:58,847
No. Nobody is advocating lying.

473
00:22:58,849 --> 00:23:00,880
Going back
to our previous conversation,

474
00:23:00,882 --> 00:23:04,747
are you a malcontent employee,
bent on causing problems?

475
00:23:04,749 --> 00:23:05,813
No.

476
00:23:07,550 --> 00:23:08,614
Maybe.

477
00:23:11,247 --> 00:23:13,346
Probably, but for good reason.

478
00:23:13,348 --> 00:23:14,745
What reason?

479
00:23:14,747 --> 00:23:17,279
Why can't you just talk to him
like a normal person?

480
00:23:17,281 --> 00:23:18,447
Be reasonable?

481
00:23:18,449 --> 00:23:20,312
[Adam] I don't have to,
I'm right.

482
00:23:20,314 --> 00:23:22,778
He's just afraid
of losing his job. Hell, I am.

483
00:23:22,780 --> 00:23:24,780
And you're never going to win
anybody like this.

484
00:23:24,782 --> 00:23:26,344
This needs to stay
an engineering question,

485
00:23:26,346 --> 00:23:27,412
that's what.

486
00:23:27,414 --> 00:23:31,179
If we go to the boss like this,
we'll get nowhere.

487
00:23:31,181 --> 00:23:32,279
Who? Kurt?

488
00:23:32,281 --> 00:23:34,180
Why aren't we marching up
to his office right now?

489
00:23:34,182 --> 00:23:37,211
I thought we would have
a brief, calm conversation,

490
00:23:37,213 --> 00:23:39,778
come up with an agreement
together,

491
00:23:39,780 --> 00:23:42,612
and then walk up there
with a proposal.

492
00:23:42,614 --> 00:23:44,381
But I didn't anticipate this
or Frank.

493
00:23:44,383 --> 00:23:45,680
Why do we need to take a problem

494
00:23:45,682 --> 00:23:47,611
that has no solution
to our boss?

495
00:23:47,613 --> 00:23:49,279
There's at least
two other engineers

496
00:23:49,281 --> 00:23:50,278
that think we have a problem.

497
00:23:50,280 --> 00:23:52,681
As soon as we go,
Frank is gonna follow us.

498
00:23:52,683 --> 00:23:53,945
And as soon as we get up there,

499
00:23:53,947 --> 00:23:56,946
he's gonna throw around
his credentials.

500
00:23:56,948 --> 00:23:58,347
Problem Review Board this

501
00:23:58,349 --> 00:24:00,180
and problem assessment
systems that,

502
00:24:00,182 --> 00:24:01,312
and nothing's gonna happen.

503
00:24:03,550 --> 00:24:04,680
Adam.

504
00:24:04,682 --> 00:24:06,846
- I'm getting Jim on the phone.
- [Bill] Just hold on.

505
00:24:06,848 --> 00:24:08,347
Let's just see
how we're gonna grade

506
00:24:08,349 --> 00:24:09,877
and keep Frank away
for a few minutes.

507
00:24:09,879 --> 00:24:13,613
Get Jim on the phone,
get him on our side.

508
00:24:13,615 --> 00:24:16,279
Have him call Kurt.

509
00:24:16,281 --> 00:24:18,445
And make it seem
like Cape Canaveral

510
00:24:18,447 --> 00:24:21,712
is asking for a flight ready
review meeting.

511
00:24:21,714 --> 00:24:24,914
Jim can make everyone concerned
about the temperature.

512
00:24:24,916 --> 00:24:26,544
This is a farce.

513
00:24:26,546 --> 00:24:29,847
- We are engineers. We're not...
- No. We're not engineers.

514
00:24:29,849 --> 00:24:31,282
We're people.

515
00:24:31,284 --> 00:24:32,611
Dumb, emotional people.

516
00:24:32,613 --> 00:24:35,812
Well, thanks for the psychology
lesson, Professor.

517
00:24:35,814 --> 00:24:39,679
Right now, I'm more interested
in rockets exploding.

518
00:24:39,681 --> 00:24:42,614
[Finch] Did it ever occur to you
that your interpersonal skills

519
00:24:42,616 --> 00:24:45,947
may have hindered your ability
to convince your coworkers?

520
00:24:45,949 --> 00:24:49,512
Yeah, if that isn't the
understatement of a lifetime.

521
00:24:49,514 --> 00:24:51,312
Is this guy the best you got?

522
00:24:52,783 --> 00:24:54,380
I was right.

523
00:24:58,415 --> 00:24:59,814
When you were
in engineering school,

524
00:24:59,816 --> 00:25:01,414
did they make you show
your work?

525
00:25:02,815 --> 00:25:04,447
What does that have to do
with anything?

526
00:25:04,449 --> 00:25:07,346
Did they make you show them
your work?

527
00:25:07,348 --> 00:25:09,948
When you were solving problems
and analyzing potatoes?

528
00:25:09,950 --> 00:25:10,949
So what if they did?

529
00:25:10,951 --> 00:25:12,813
[Finch] Well, you're gonna show
your work here.

530
00:25:12,815 --> 00:25:15,514
Because it's not good enough
to just say you were right.

531
00:25:15,516 --> 00:25:16,912
Anyone can make a prediction.

532
00:25:16,914 --> 00:25:18,648
It's gonna rain.

533
00:25:18,650 --> 00:25:20,914
I wanna know how you knew.

534
00:25:20,916 --> 00:25:24,314
And I want to know
how you told them.

535
00:25:24,316 --> 00:25:28,478
Because maybe the problem
wasn't with their understanding.

536
00:25:28,480 --> 00:25:31,413
Maybe the problem was
with how it was communicated.

537
00:25:31,415 --> 00:25:32,712
And that's on you.

538
00:25:34,514 --> 00:25:36,747
So how exactly
did you maneuver yourself

539
00:25:36,749 --> 00:25:38,248
through the chain of command

540
00:25:38,250 --> 00:25:40,614
to get the new information
to the Cape.

541
00:25:40,616 --> 00:25:43,281
[indistinct chatter]

542
00:25:43,283 --> 00:25:44,849
How do we get the Cape
on the phone

543
00:25:44,851 --> 00:25:46,480
without Frank knowing about it?

544
00:25:46,482 --> 00:25:49,248
[overlapping conversation]

545
00:25:49,250 --> 00:25:51,946
Hey, I thought you said
Carl was on my side.

546
00:25:51,948 --> 00:25:55,583
Why don't we just take Frank
to the recovery facility?

547
00:25:55,585 --> 00:25:56,847
- Show him the soot.
- [Adam] What?

548
00:25:56,849 --> 00:25:58,048
Yeah, that'll work.

549
00:25:58,050 --> 00:26:01,182
And then you just go ahead
and think of a way to break off

550
00:26:01,184 --> 00:26:03,445
and go to your office and get
some papers or something.

551
00:26:03,447 --> 00:26:04,381
I'm not playing games.

552
00:26:04,383 --> 00:26:06,182
Just think of a good reason
to break off

553
00:26:06,184 --> 00:26:07,378
as soon as we get going,
all right?

554
00:26:07,380 --> 00:26:09,713
Bill had a way
that he wanted to do things.

555
00:26:09,715 --> 00:26:12,281
And did you agree with Bill?

556
00:26:12,283 --> 00:26:15,181
Okay, fellas, we are going
to the recovery facility.

557
00:26:15,183 --> 00:26:17,482
Does fluorocarbon elastomer
work better or worse

558
00:26:17,484 --> 00:26:18,579
in freezing temperatures?

559
00:26:18,581 --> 00:26:20,915
[Frank]
What is fluoro... elastic?

560
00:26:20,917 --> 00:26:23,881
It's the seal. And no,
rubber-like substances

561
00:26:23,883 --> 00:26:25,812
do not work better
in the freezing cold.

562
00:26:25,814 --> 00:26:29,582
Exactly, cold rubber
doesn't seal as well.

563
00:26:29,584 --> 00:26:30,679
I want us to go.

564
00:26:30,681 --> 00:26:33,481
What difference do a few degrees
make about anything?

565
00:26:33,483 --> 00:26:35,611
Dean does water freeze
at 33 degrees?

566
00:26:35,613 --> 00:26:37,446
No, it does not.

567
00:26:37,448 --> 00:26:38,847
But it does at 32.

568
00:26:38,849 --> 00:26:40,348
That's right. A single degree
can make a difference.

569
00:26:40,350 --> 00:26:42,313
And it can affect
that fluorocarbon elastomer.

570
00:26:42,315 --> 00:26:43,448
You guys are hopeless.

571
00:26:43,450 --> 00:26:46,416
Help me understand why
you weren't taking the advice

572
00:26:46,418 --> 00:26:48,781
of your problem assessment
specialist.

573
00:26:48,783 --> 00:26:51,415
Who? Frank? Are you kidding me?

574
00:26:51,417 --> 00:26:54,548
You should be asking me why
didn't everyone take my advice.

575
00:26:54,550 --> 00:26:55,481
[Frank]
You're not going to convince me

576
00:26:55,483 --> 00:26:57,448
to put everyone's jobs here
in jeopardy

577
00:26:57,450 --> 00:26:59,246
on some theory
you can't even come up with!

578
00:26:59,248 --> 00:27:00,713
Jobs? That's your criteria?

579
00:27:00,715 --> 00:27:03,379
Maybe you should've done
your actual job.

580
00:27:03,381 --> 00:27:05,681
Now it's time for the smart guys
to do their jobs.

581
00:27:05,683 --> 00:27:07,382
[Adam] You're willing
to kill people for jobs?

582
00:27:07,384 --> 00:27:08,549
You self-righteous...

583
00:27:08,551 --> 00:27:09,747
Frank! Frank!

584
00:27:09,749 --> 00:27:11,282
I'm not the problem.

585
00:27:11,284 --> 00:27:13,382
I've just about had enough
of this.

586
00:27:13,384 --> 00:27:14,516
Guys.

587
00:27:14,518 --> 00:27:16,280
Relax.

588
00:27:16,282 --> 00:27:18,548
Okay, we have to get
to the bottom of this.

589
00:27:18,550 --> 00:27:20,212
It may be uncomfortable,

590
00:27:20,214 --> 00:27:21,881
but you need
to tell me the truth.

591
00:27:21,883 --> 00:27:23,346
Get...

592
00:27:23,348 --> 00:27:24,346
Hey!

593
00:27:25,385 --> 00:27:26,314
Where is he going?

594
00:27:26,316 --> 00:27:28,215
I think he's got something
in his office.

595
00:27:28,217 --> 00:27:29,481
[Bill] Did you forget something
in your office?

596
00:27:29,483 --> 00:27:30,580
[Adam] No!

597
00:27:33,283 --> 00:27:35,280
[foreboding music]

598
00:27:39,349 --> 00:27:41,583
If the recovery boats come in,

599
00:27:41,585 --> 00:27:43,483
they want to know
what that means.

600
00:27:46,716 --> 00:27:50,915
It means our rockets will
get lost in the Atlantic Ocean.

601
00:27:50,917 --> 00:27:53,382
Those things are expensive.
We better not lose them.

602
00:27:55,416 --> 00:27:57,315
Is that option on the table?

603
00:27:57,317 --> 00:27:59,812
They wanna know
what this will mean to NASA.

604
00:27:59,814 --> 00:28:02,681
Can't you just pick it up
off the bottom?

605
00:28:02,683 --> 00:28:05,313
What kind of question is that?

606
00:28:05,315 --> 00:28:07,483
Tell the recovery boats
to remain out at sea

607
00:28:07,485 --> 00:28:09,316
and get those rockets
when they splash down.

608
00:28:09,318 --> 00:28:12,182
Boats can't stay out there
in the wind.

609
00:28:12,184 --> 00:28:13,748
We need you to figure
the cost for your company

610
00:28:13,750 --> 00:28:17,282
if we launch
with no recovery boats.

611
00:28:17,284 --> 00:28:18,347
Oh.

612
00:28:19,551 --> 00:28:21,716
See if NASA
can figure this out, then.

613
00:28:21,718 --> 00:28:23,715
If you want 24 launches
in a year,

614
00:28:23,717 --> 00:28:25,916
you can only do that
with reusable parts.

615
00:28:25,918 --> 00:28:28,447
If the parts get lost
in the Atlantic Ocean...

616
00:28:28,449 --> 00:28:29,882
Wait, too windy?

617
00:28:29,884 --> 00:28:31,882
It's too windy for boats
to be on the water,

618
00:28:31,884 --> 00:28:34,181
but not too windy
to launch the shuttle?

619
00:28:34,183 --> 00:28:35,448
We're trying to get
through this launch

620
00:28:35,450 --> 00:28:37,283
before thinking
about making recoveries

621
00:28:37,285 --> 00:28:38,580
to supply the next one.

622
00:28:38,582 --> 00:28:39,848
If the boats come back in now,

623
00:28:39,850 --> 00:28:42,349
they won't be able to make it
back out for the launch window.

624
00:28:42,351 --> 00:28:44,116
The boats are already
headed back.

625
00:28:48,718 --> 00:28:52,613
So, we're going to lose
a billion-dollar asset?

626
00:28:52,615 --> 00:28:53,715
That's right.

627
00:28:53,717 --> 00:28:54,747
Excuse me?

628
00:28:58,916 --> 00:29:02,180
What's he doing? Huh? Huh?

629
00:29:02,182 --> 00:29:04,180
Get the flight engineer
on the phone now.

630
00:29:06,486 --> 00:29:09,381
This is Adam with the team that
built the Solid Rocket Boosters,

631
00:29:09,383 --> 00:29:10,548
and I have important information

632
00:29:10,550 --> 00:29:13,447
regarding a catastrophic
failure of the shuttle launch

633
00:29:13,449 --> 00:29:14,815
due to the primary
and secondary O-rings.

634
00:29:14,817 --> 00:29:16,816
- Get him on the phone now.
- Who is that on the phone?

635
00:29:16,818 --> 00:29:18,247
Are you talking to Kurt? Huh?

636
00:29:18,249 --> 00:29:19,579
[phone beeps]

637
00:29:20,650 --> 00:29:22,216
Jim Whitt, go.

638
00:29:22,218 --> 00:29:25,649
Jim, you have about 30 seconds
to get Kurt on the phone

639
00:29:25,651 --> 00:29:27,414
and convince him
to call a meeting

640
00:29:27,416 --> 00:29:28,616
between NASA and our company

641
00:29:28,618 --> 00:29:31,516
to discuss the impending
catastrophic failure

642
00:29:31,518 --> 00:29:33,482
of the primary
and secondary O-rings

643
00:29:33,484 --> 00:29:36,548
due to the cold temperature
of our scheduled launch time.

644
00:29:36,550 --> 00:29:37,881
[Adam] You better hurry.

645
00:29:37,883 --> 00:29:39,682
You better hold on
because it gets worse.

646
00:29:39,684 --> 00:29:40,748
What do you mean it gets worse?

647
00:29:40,750 --> 00:29:43,481
What could be worse
than a catastrophic failure?

648
00:29:43,483 --> 00:29:45,349
Transfer me over to Kurt.

649
00:29:45,351 --> 00:29:47,481
I don't know how to do that,
the girl that does the phones

650
00:29:47,483 --> 00:29:49,781
is gone for the day.

651
00:29:49,783 --> 00:29:54,482
Just hit transfer, receiver,
then extension 304.

652
00:29:54,484 --> 00:29:55,647
Okay. Here.

653
00:29:58,516 --> 00:29:59,580
Great.

654
00:30:04,584 --> 00:30:05,916
This is how you want
to play this, huh?

655
00:30:05,918 --> 00:30:08,214
- Frank, hold up.
- Like a junior high playground?

656
00:30:08,216 --> 00:30:10,215
Can we all just take a breath
and talk about this?

657
00:30:10,217 --> 00:30:11,415
No!

658
00:30:11,417 --> 00:30:13,550
The time for talking is over.

659
00:30:13,552 --> 00:30:16,682
It looks like I'm gonna to have
to single-handedly save

660
00:30:16,684 --> 00:30:18,617
- the space program.
- Save the space program?

661
00:30:18,619 --> 00:30:20,648
Do you even hear yourself?

662
00:30:20,650 --> 00:30:25,248
What good is a space program
that never launches into space?

663
00:30:27,815 --> 00:30:29,249
[Jim] Kurt.

664
00:30:29,251 --> 00:30:31,348
We are having some major issues

665
00:30:31,350 --> 00:30:33,184
regarding the launch
tomorrow morning

666
00:30:33,186 --> 00:30:35,417
and we need to set up a meeting
with Marshall,

667
00:30:35,419 --> 00:30:37,282
Kennedy and our company.

668
00:30:37,284 --> 00:30:39,215
Uh, temperature needs
to be discussed

669
00:30:39,217 --> 00:30:41,552
as well as our recovery
of the SRBs.

670
00:30:41,554 --> 00:30:43,382
Boats are being called back in
because of wind,

671
00:30:43,384 --> 00:30:46,116
which puts us in jeopardy
of losing our assets.

672
00:30:47,482 --> 00:30:49,315
That's correct.

673
00:30:49,317 --> 00:30:52,317
Yes, sir, uh, we could use
some management assistance

674
00:30:52,319 --> 00:30:54,949
setting up that meeting ASAP.

675
00:30:54,951 --> 00:30:57,551
And, Kurt,
I want to highly stress

676
00:30:57,553 --> 00:31:00,483
that this remain
an engineering decision.

677
00:31:01,816 --> 00:31:03,582
All right, thank you.

678
00:31:23,719 --> 00:31:25,383
Okay...

679
00:31:25,385 --> 00:31:26,914
Here's what we're gonna do.

680
00:31:26,916 --> 00:31:29,650
We're gonna get a meeting
with Kennedy Space Center

681
00:31:29,652 --> 00:31:33,415
and Marshall Space Flight Center
on a conference call.

682
00:31:33,417 --> 00:31:34,683
We're gonna convince them

683
00:31:34,685 --> 00:31:37,317
to push the launch window
a little bit.

684
00:31:37,319 --> 00:31:40,882
We need those boats out there
and recover our rockets.

685
00:31:40,884 --> 00:31:43,184
Now, what's the argument
with the temperature?

686
00:31:43,186 --> 00:31:44,781
It's inconclusive.

687
00:31:44,783 --> 00:31:45,849
[overlapping banter]

688
00:31:45,851 --> 00:31:49,247
The temperature is outside
of our experience data,

689
00:31:49,249 --> 00:31:51,683
and you that we have been
getting erosion and blowby.

690
00:31:51,685 --> 00:31:54,251
It isn't the worst
at a lower temperature.

691
00:31:54,253 --> 00:31:55,348
Yes, it is.

692
00:31:55,350 --> 00:31:56,849
Not with erosion.

693
00:31:56,851 --> 00:31:58,950
What's the difference,
gentlemen?

694
00:31:58,952 --> 00:32:03,581
Erosion means that the rubber
hose seal is being eaten away.

695
00:32:03,583 --> 00:32:06,348
Blowby is the exhaust that
actually gets past the seals.

696
00:32:06,350 --> 00:32:09,550
And it's the blowby that gets
worse at the lower temperatures.

697
00:32:09,552 --> 00:32:10,751
The lower the temperature,

698
00:32:10,753 --> 00:32:14,916
the more the rocket exhaust
passes right past the seals.

699
00:32:14,918 --> 00:32:15,984
The greater the blowby,

700
00:32:15,986 --> 00:32:18,783
the greater the chance
of secondary seal failure.

701
00:32:18,785 --> 00:32:21,684
Secondary seal failure
equals catastrophic failure.

702
00:32:21,686 --> 00:32:23,482
Okay.

703
00:32:23,484 --> 00:32:27,283
We are going to argue
for a launch delay.

704
00:32:27,285 --> 00:32:30,918
And we are all going to be
in agreement, Frank.

705
00:32:30,920 --> 00:32:33,418
Now NASA is pushing
for a launch,

706
00:32:33,420 --> 00:32:36,583
even though it could cost us
our rockets.

707
00:32:36,585 --> 00:32:38,551
It's the engineering.

708
00:32:38,553 --> 00:32:41,316
We need to push
because of the engineering.

709
00:32:41,318 --> 00:32:45,715
There is more at play here,
Adam, than the engineering.

710
00:32:45,717 --> 00:32:48,850
[Kurt] The danged media
keeps pushing and pushing.

711
00:32:48,852 --> 00:32:52,316
So much so that NASA
is staring down the barrel

712
00:32:52,318 --> 00:32:55,218
of another national
embarrassment.

713
00:32:55,220 --> 00:32:58,417
Especially after the handle
and all the delays.

714
00:32:58,419 --> 00:32:59,650
Who cares?

715
00:32:59,652 --> 00:33:01,351
Who cares?

716
00:33:01,353 --> 00:33:03,182
The people
who pay the bills care.

717
00:33:03,184 --> 00:33:04,749
- The taxpayers.
- Yeah, right.

718
00:33:04,751 --> 00:33:06,852
The Department of Defense
pays the bills,

719
00:33:06,854 --> 00:33:09,450
so their satellites
can catch a ride into orbit.

720
00:33:09,452 --> 00:33:12,485
And the DOD wants
what they paid for.

721
00:33:12,487 --> 00:33:14,783
If they don't get
what they paid for,

722
00:33:14,785 --> 00:33:16,683
they'll just go somewhere else.

723
00:33:16,685 --> 00:33:19,150
Where? Macy's?

724
00:33:19,851 --> 00:33:21,950
Maybe NASA and the DOD

725
00:33:21,952 --> 00:33:24,615
think it's time to invest
in a new horse,

726
00:33:24,617 --> 00:33:29,452
especially if this horse can't
get them where they wanna go.

727
00:33:29,454 --> 00:33:33,319
You think it's an engineering
problem, but it's not.

728
00:33:34,453 --> 00:33:35,815
It's an economic problem.

729
00:33:35,817 --> 00:33:38,218
Are we arguing to launch
or not launch?

730
00:33:38,220 --> 00:33:41,750
Yes, economics is a factor.
I thoroughly agree.

731
00:33:41,752 --> 00:33:43,885
- [Dean] However, the five of us.
- Five lepers.

732
00:33:43,887 --> 00:33:45,451
The five of us believe

733
00:33:45,453 --> 00:33:47,449
temperature
is the best argument.

734
00:33:47,451 --> 00:33:50,751
If NASA's loss is not greater
than our loss of the rockets,

735
00:33:50,753 --> 00:33:53,416
then the economic argument
will not work.

736
00:33:53,418 --> 00:33:56,752
However, if they are concerned
about the loss of their shuttle

737
00:33:56,754 --> 00:33:59,317
in an even
more embarrassing incident,

738
00:33:59,319 --> 00:34:00,618
then we should argue

739
00:34:00,620 --> 00:34:03,351
in the best interest
of their success.

740
00:34:03,353 --> 00:34:05,784
If we delay a few hours,

741
00:34:05,786 --> 00:34:07,551
temperature goes up,
right, Adam?

742
00:34:07,553 --> 00:34:08,553
Yes.

743
00:34:08,555 --> 00:34:10,886
And the rocket gets launched,
right, Frank?

744
00:34:12,318 --> 00:34:13,452
Yes.

745
00:34:13,454 --> 00:34:17,319
And our ships have a better shot
of recovering our SRBs,

746
00:34:17,321 --> 00:34:18,417
right, Kurt?

747
00:34:18,419 --> 00:34:20,482
[Kurt] Absolutely.

748
00:34:20,484 --> 00:34:22,284
[Dean] Then it seems to me
we have no other choice

749
00:34:22,286 --> 00:34:23,217
in the matter.

750
00:34:23,219 --> 00:34:25,286
It seems we have no choice
in the matter.

751
00:34:25,288 --> 00:34:29,450
[Bill] Sir, let us put together
an argument.

752
00:34:29,452 --> 00:34:34,485
We want to help the company,
NASA, the DOD, everyone.

753
00:34:42,254 --> 00:34:46,350
You have exactly 45 minutes
to get a presentation together.

754
00:34:46,352 --> 00:34:47,451
Forty-five minutes?

755
00:34:47,453 --> 00:34:49,482
As soon as this sentence
is done,

756
00:34:49,484 --> 00:34:51,248
I am picking up that phone,

757
00:34:51,250 --> 00:34:53,619
calling them
and setting the meeting.

758
00:34:53,621 --> 00:34:56,617
How are we supposed to get
this prepped in 45 minutes?

759
00:34:56,619 --> 00:34:57,717
[Kurt] Get him outta here.

760
00:34:57,719 --> 00:34:59,418
Kurt, this is a complex
technical issue,

761
00:34:59,420 --> 00:35:01,351
- we need more than 45 minutes.
- [Bill] Stop.

762
00:35:04,220 --> 00:35:05,350
Mr. Nelson?

763
00:35:05,352 --> 00:35:06,651
[Adam] How are we supposed
to put together

764
00:35:06,653 --> 00:35:09,285
a complex technical presentation

765
00:35:09,287 --> 00:35:12,551
and send it across America,
so Utah, Alabama and Florida

766
00:35:12,553 --> 00:35:14,817
can all see it all
within 45 measly minutes?

767
00:35:14,819 --> 00:35:15,785
We got the win.

768
00:35:15,787 --> 00:35:18,418
Oh, what was all that
about the economics?

769
00:35:18,420 --> 00:35:20,418
Adam, NASA has never gone

770
00:35:20,420 --> 00:35:22,518
against a contractor's
recommendation.

771
00:35:23,319 --> 00:35:24,485
We get the meeting.

772
00:35:24,487 --> 00:35:25,851
We tell them
we don't want to launch,

773
00:35:25,853 --> 00:35:27,085
they don't negate us, we win.

774
00:35:27,087 --> 00:35:29,685
Let's throw some stuff together
and get the launch delayed,

775
00:35:29,687 --> 00:35:31,318
and get to work on this thing,
you know?

776
00:35:31,320 --> 00:35:33,682
Get it launched eventually,
so we can have jobs.

777
00:35:33,684 --> 00:35:36,751
If we do a halfway decent job,
we will be just fine.

778
00:35:36,753 --> 00:35:38,781
Oh, in 45 minutes?

779
00:35:38,783 --> 00:35:40,617
I'm starting to think
this was a bad idea.

780
00:35:40,619 --> 00:35:42,384
Why don't you just go home
for the night?

781
00:35:42,386 --> 00:35:43,853
No. We need everyone working.

782
00:35:43,855 --> 00:35:45,650
I used to think you only cared
about being right.

783
00:35:45,652 --> 00:35:47,583
- That's right.
- Now I think you only care about

784
00:35:47,585 --> 00:35:49,319
being at odds with everyone.

785
00:35:49,321 --> 00:35:51,616
What you think doesn't matter.

786
00:35:51,618 --> 00:35:54,185
I think what he thinks matters!

787
00:35:54,187 --> 00:35:56,484
What if we are chasing
a ghost here? Huh?

788
00:35:56,486 --> 00:35:57,618
A mad man's imagination.

789
00:35:57,620 --> 00:36:00,519
Why do we have to participate
in this death spiral?

790
00:36:00,521 --> 00:36:01,615
Because I'm the one who's right.

791
00:36:01,617 --> 00:36:04,183
- Yeah, says you.
- That's right, says me.

792
00:36:05,221 --> 00:36:07,417
I'm out.

793
00:36:07,419 --> 00:36:09,286
- Edwin, we need you.
- I don't need this.

794
00:36:09,288 --> 00:36:13,484
Ed, you have to look past
the argument and the number

795
00:36:13,486 --> 00:36:17,387
and the data and the O-rings
and see the man.

796
00:36:17,389 --> 00:36:19,285
All right, sometimes
he doesn't get it.

797
00:36:19,287 --> 00:36:21,718
He doesn't care about you,
he doesn't care about me.

798
00:36:21,720 --> 00:36:24,716
Hell, I don't even think
he cares about the engineering.

799
00:36:24,718 --> 00:36:25,952
But I do know
he cares about this,

800
00:36:25,954 --> 00:36:27,785
he cares about being right.

801
00:36:27,787 --> 00:36:31,219
And that's what I trust
and that's the truth.

802
00:36:31,221 --> 00:36:33,853
You gotta get past
his little show.

803
00:36:33,855 --> 00:36:35,716
- I trust him.
- Yeah, you trust everyone.

804
00:36:35,718 --> 00:36:36,652
I just wish I had another day.

805
00:36:36,654 --> 00:36:38,317
- What if he's wrong?
- What if he's right?

806
00:36:38,319 --> 00:36:39,920
- What if he's wrong?
- What if he's right?

807
00:36:39,922 --> 00:36:42,586
Whoa! Why is this our problem
all of a sudden?

808
00:36:42,588 --> 00:36:46,316
If we're wrong and we stop the
launch for no reason, we lose.

809
00:36:46,318 --> 00:36:48,186
If we're right and we stop
a launch, another launch,

810
00:36:48,188 --> 00:36:49,351
we lose.

811
00:36:49,353 --> 00:36:50,619
It's lose-lose.

812
00:36:50,621 --> 00:36:53,252
Because we are the only people
on the planet

813
00:36:53,254 --> 00:36:54,685
who know we don't know

814
00:36:54,687 --> 00:36:58,551
that there might possibly be,
maybe, a problem.

815
00:36:58,553 --> 00:37:00,218
[Carl] And it's the right thing
to do.

816
00:37:01,254 --> 00:37:02,685
[Dean] It is time to move.

817
00:37:04,288 --> 00:37:05,684
We split up.

818
00:37:05,686 --> 00:37:07,487
Five minutes to gather.

819
00:37:07,489 --> 00:37:09,318
[Bill] Fifteen minutes to sort.

820
00:37:09,320 --> 00:37:10,920
Fifteen minutes to chart.

821
00:37:10,922 --> 00:37:12,452
And fifteen minutes to send off.

822
00:37:12,454 --> 00:37:13,619
[Carl] That's 50 minutes.

823
00:37:13,621 --> 00:37:15,284
[Bill] We'll have to move faster
than time.

824
00:37:15,286 --> 00:37:16,687
We'll have to hand draw
our charts.

825
00:37:16,689 --> 00:37:20,651
Agreed. They are gonna want
a lot of statistics,

826
00:37:20,653 --> 00:37:23,584
so if you have any doubt,
just bring everything with you.

827
00:37:23,586 --> 00:37:25,348
How do we make
a presentation to people

828
00:37:25,350 --> 00:37:26,517
in three different parts
of the country

829
00:37:26,519 --> 00:37:28,784
in just under 40 minutes?

830
00:37:28,786 --> 00:37:31,784
It's 1986,
we are rocket scientists,

831
00:37:31,786 --> 00:37:33,418
we work with NASA.

832
00:37:33,420 --> 00:37:34,685
We are going to fax it.

833
00:37:43,720 --> 00:37:44,950
[interviewer] Good evening.

834
00:37:44,952 --> 00:37:47,287
I'm joined tonight
by teacher turned astronaut.

835
00:37:47,289 --> 00:37:50,584
And the first civilian
to ever go into space.

836
00:37:50,586 --> 00:37:52,487
I have to start by asking you,

837
00:37:52,489 --> 00:37:55,252
what do you think
this is gonna mean for you

838
00:37:55,254 --> 00:37:56,585
after the mission?

839
00:37:56,587 --> 00:37:59,516
What are you going to do
when you return from space?

840
00:37:59,518 --> 00:38:00,652
[astronaut] I don't know.

841
00:38:00,654 --> 00:38:02,817
But I do know
that this is an adventure

842
00:38:02,819 --> 00:38:03,853
I couldn't say no to.

843
00:38:03,855 --> 00:38:05,584
I mean, to be able to go
into space

844
00:38:05,586 --> 00:38:07,251
and help school children learn

845
00:38:07,253 --> 00:38:09,352
and be more interested
in learning,

846
00:38:09,354 --> 00:38:11,617
that's what I'm really
looking forward to right now.

847
00:38:11,619 --> 00:38:13,751
At first, I was... I was nervous

848
00:38:13,753 --> 00:38:15,615
about what it would mean
for my family,

849
00:38:15,617 --> 00:38:18,618
and my husband, my kids,
my teaching career,

850
00:38:18,620 --> 00:38:21,516
but now I'm just looking forward
to the adventure ahead.

851
00:38:21,518 --> 00:38:26,252
You know, the great unknown,
not necessarily space, but life.

852
00:38:26,254 --> 00:38:28,653
Do you think it's really sunken
yet, you're going into space?

853
00:38:28,655 --> 00:38:31,220
No, absolutely not.

854
00:38:31,222 --> 00:38:35,885
I still can't believe
that I was chosen for this.

855
00:38:35,887 --> 00:38:37,887
You know, 50,000 people applied.

856
00:38:37,889 --> 00:38:40,687
I still remember putting
my letter into the mailbox,

857
00:38:40,689 --> 00:38:42,886
and thinking,
there are so many other people

858
00:38:42,888 --> 00:38:44,852
doing the exact same thing
right now.

859
00:38:44,854 --> 00:38:46,951
We were all alike that day.

860
00:38:46,953 --> 00:38:50,685
We all thought, "It could be me.
I have a chance at this."

861
00:38:50,687 --> 00:38:52,653
And then it was me and it's like
winning the lottery

862
00:38:52,655 --> 00:38:55,918
to be able to go into space
and blasting off in the shuttle.

863
00:38:55,920 --> 00:38:58,653
I mean, I just feel like
I'm taking everyone here

864
00:38:58,655 --> 00:39:00,420
on earth up there with me.

865
00:39:00,422 --> 00:39:02,154
[interviewer]
Are you afraid at all?

866
00:39:02,855 --> 00:39:04,819
No. I don't think so.

867
00:39:04,821 --> 00:39:06,951
Who knows, though,
when we're actually strapped in

868
00:39:06,953 --> 00:39:10,553
and those massive rockets
are blasting us off into space.

869
00:39:10,555 --> 00:39:11,852
Yeah, that does sound
kinda scary.

870
00:39:11,854 --> 00:39:14,919
But I have the utmost confidence
in the thousands of people

871
00:39:14,921 --> 00:39:16,655
who make all of this happen.

872
00:39:16,657 --> 00:39:20,351
You know, these days,
space flight is very safe.

873
00:39:20,353 --> 00:39:21,452
[interviewer]
You know, recently,

874
00:39:21,454 --> 00:39:23,418
NASA has had a few delays.

875
00:39:23,420 --> 00:39:27,320
How, if at all, has that
affected the crew, mentally?

876
00:39:27,322 --> 00:39:28,484
[astronaut]
I mean, it's definitely,

877
00:39:28,486 --> 00:39:29,685
uh, been interesting.

878
00:39:29,687 --> 00:39:31,785
You get so excited about finally
taking this mission,

879
00:39:31,787 --> 00:39:33,521
and then it's delayed.

880
00:39:33,523 --> 00:39:36,653
But I know that the engineers
and everybody else involved

881
00:39:36,655 --> 00:39:39,620
are doing what they need to do
to make it as safe as possible.

882
00:39:39,622 --> 00:39:41,953
So, I have full confidence
in what they're doing

883
00:39:41,955 --> 00:39:43,686
and the decisions they make.

884
00:39:43,688 --> 00:39:46,753
If it needed to be postponed
then, you know, for our safety

885
00:39:46,755 --> 00:39:50,587
or for whatever reason
they have, then that's something

886
00:39:50,589 --> 00:39:52,486
that I think we're all
okay with.

887
00:39:52,488 --> 00:39:54,253
[interviewer] You know, at some
point in everyone's life,

888
00:39:54,255 --> 00:39:56,189
they dream
of being an astronaut.

889
00:39:56,191 --> 00:39:57,619
And you get to be one.

890
00:39:57,621 --> 00:40:00,787
Are you having fun,
has this been a fun experience?

891
00:40:00,789 --> 00:40:02,684
Oh, yes. So much fun.

892
00:40:02,686 --> 00:40:05,219
I... I love everyone
I work with.

893
00:40:05,221 --> 00:40:09,518
Commander Scobee
is a solid unflappable man.

894
00:40:09,520 --> 00:40:14,484
Uh, Mike and Ellison
are the hardest working,

895
00:40:14,486 --> 00:40:16,385
smartest people
you will ever meet.

896
00:40:16,387 --> 00:40:19,852
And Ron and Greg will...

897
00:40:19,854 --> 00:40:21,751
they make us laugh nonstop.

898
00:40:21,753 --> 00:40:24,320
Judi and I
have a lot of fun together.

899
00:40:24,322 --> 00:40:25,952
And, I mean, just as a team,

900
00:40:25,954 --> 00:40:27,953
we really have to rely
on one other.

901
00:40:27,955 --> 00:40:29,721
[interviewer]
Sounds like an amazing team.

902
00:40:29,723 --> 00:40:31,286
[astronaut] Oh, it is. I mean,

903
00:40:31,288 --> 00:40:32,884
all the way from the very top
of NASA

904
00:40:32,886 --> 00:40:37,685
down to the guys who clean
to the engineers in between

905
00:40:37,687 --> 00:40:40,655
who make sure that
this is as safe as possible.

906
00:40:40,657 --> 00:40:43,452
I mean, all these people
involved are what make it

907
00:40:43,454 --> 00:40:44,818
such an amazing experience.

908
00:40:44,820 --> 00:40:46,720
And it's...
I've had so much joy

909
00:40:46,722 --> 00:40:49,353
getting to be a part
of all of this.

910
00:40:49,355 --> 00:40:51,554
I know that all of my students,

911
00:40:51,556 --> 00:40:53,319
and even the students
at the elementary

912
00:40:53,321 --> 00:40:54,687
and the middle school

913
00:40:54,689 --> 00:40:57,187
that, uh, go to my high school,
that feed into my high school

914
00:40:57,189 --> 00:40:58,352
are all going to be watching.

915
00:40:58,354 --> 00:40:59,919
And I'm just so excited
to be there to wave

916
00:40:59,921 --> 00:41:02,319
at the cameras and see them
and, you know,

917
00:41:02,321 --> 00:41:05,320
let them see that your dreams
can come true.

918
00:41:05,322 --> 00:41:07,554
Uh, I mean,
who would've thought that I...

919
00:41:07,556 --> 00:41:10,652
I'm a high school science
teacher who's going into space.

920
00:41:13,322 --> 00:41:15,320
[suspenseful music]

921
00:41:25,390 --> 00:41:27,387
[clock ticking]

922
00:41:59,190 --> 00:42:02,254
[Bill] We have no time. Let's go
and get this table out here.

923
00:42:02,888 --> 00:42:05,189
[overlapping chatter]

924
00:42:05,191 --> 00:42:06,822
Thank you, sir, appreciate it.

925
00:42:10,657 --> 00:42:12,486
Everything passed,
I need to have them.

926
00:42:12,488 --> 00:42:14,619
[Biil] What else do we need?
We need all sources.

927
00:42:17,455 --> 00:42:19,188
Come on,
we need the erosion charts

928
00:42:19,190 --> 00:42:21,522
- from STS-51-B.
- [Dean] That is 51-B.

929
00:42:21,524 --> 00:42:23,719
We need to 51-A and 60...

930
00:42:23,721 --> 00:42:26,288
Oh, I saw that one
in one of the brown folders.

931
00:42:26,290 --> 00:42:27,920
- Which one?
- Oh, uh, one of them.

932
00:42:27,922 --> 00:42:29,188
I'm not sure.

933
00:42:29,190 --> 00:42:31,488
I need all SRM recoveries to go.

934
00:42:31,490 --> 00:42:32,688
Go?

935
00:42:32,690 --> 00:42:34,721
- Go out or go in?
- [Bill] In.

936
00:42:35,923 --> 00:42:37,787
You need this one?

937
00:42:37,789 --> 00:42:39,552
Mm-hm.

938
00:42:39,554 --> 00:42:42,354
Should we separate the
soot levels from the erosion?

939
00:42:42,356 --> 00:42:45,219
No, I want them to see
the correlation.

940
00:42:45,221 --> 00:42:47,254
Should we make a main summary
of all the findings?

941
00:42:47,256 --> 00:42:48,520
Wait, wait, wait.

942
00:42:48,522 --> 00:42:54,222
We need 51-A, 51, uh, G,
and 51-F.

943
00:42:54,224 --> 00:42:56,219
"I" comes after that.

944
00:42:56,221 --> 00:42:57,420
"I" after "F."

945
00:42:57,422 --> 00:42:59,686
Why can't these be in order
and we call them Challenger

946
00:42:59,688 --> 00:43:01,351
and Discovery
and then the number?

947
00:43:01,353 --> 00:43:03,955
Well, because they didn't all go
in consecutive order.

948
00:43:03,957 --> 00:43:05,287
They're... they're all mixed up.

949
00:43:05,289 --> 00:43:06,421
It would just be
even more confusing.

950
00:43:06,423 --> 00:43:07,785
Right, more confusing.

951
00:43:07,787 --> 00:43:08,886
Does anyone else find it funny

952
00:43:08,888 --> 00:43:13,452
that we use labels 51-L
and 61-A, not the number 13?

953
00:43:13,454 --> 00:43:15,321
- Okay.
- Doesn't make sense to me.

954
00:43:15,323 --> 00:43:16,654
- Yeah, just me, okay.
- I blame it on Apollo.

955
00:43:16,656 --> 00:43:17,822
Okay.

956
00:43:17,824 --> 00:43:20,387
I'm missing another launch
from October.

957
00:43:20,389 --> 00:43:21,920
I've got the 30th.

958
00:43:21,922 --> 00:43:23,221
[Edwin]
Eighty-four or eighty-five?

959
00:43:23,223 --> 00:43:24,286
Eighty-five.

960
00:43:24,288 --> 00:43:27,520
Anyone have October
not 30th 1985?

961
00:43:27,522 --> 00:43:28,588
Anyone?

962
00:43:28,590 --> 00:43:29,785
Somebody talk to me.

963
00:43:29,787 --> 00:43:31,555
Adam?

964
00:43:31,557 --> 00:43:33,788
Adam. Get your head in the game.

965
00:43:34,823 --> 00:43:36,352
[Bill] Adam?

966
00:43:36,354 --> 00:43:38,652
You've never been more wrong
about anything.

967
00:43:39,757 --> 00:43:41,821
I get this more than you know.

968
00:43:44,790 --> 00:43:45,887
[Bill] Okay.

969
00:43:48,489 --> 00:43:51,453
I'm gonna go get a cup of...

970
00:43:54,423 --> 00:43:58,553
Hey, um, give me a hand
with these drawings, okay?

971
00:43:58,555 --> 00:44:00,586
You know he's our best shot.

972
00:44:00,588 --> 00:44:02,354
- I know.
- We know.

973
00:44:02,356 --> 00:44:04,388
Yeah, well...

974
00:44:04,390 --> 00:44:06,922
he has exactly nine minutes
to get it together.

975
00:44:06,924 --> 00:44:08,187
He better.

976
00:44:09,154 --> 00:44:11,221
As a matter of fact,
all of us need to throw

977
00:44:11,223 --> 00:44:13,321
some cold water on our faces
before we go in there.

978
00:44:14,555 --> 00:44:15,652
Agreed.

979
00:44:17,889 --> 00:44:20,954
[Finch] When you prepared
for the telecon meeting,

980
00:44:20,956 --> 00:44:22,619
had anything changed
in your plan

981
00:44:22,621 --> 00:44:24,419
to approach your higher-ups?

982
00:44:28,223 --> 00:44:29,286
No.

983
00:44:30,191 --> 00:44:31,187
[Mary] Hello?

984
00:44:32,790 --> 00:44:33,953
Hey.

985
00:44:33,955 --> 00:44:36,587
Hey. How's it going over there?

986
00:44:38,189 --> 00:44:39,820
Oh, I got what I wanted,

987
00:44:39,822 --> 00:44:42,254
just not the way that I wanted.

988
00:44:43,822 --> 00:44:45,286
Is it the temperature?

989
00:44:46,391 --> 00:44:48,186
Yes.

990
00:44:48,188 --> 00:44:49,720
The fluorocarbon elastomer.

991
00:44:49,722 --> 00:44:51,121
Yes.

992
00:44:54,722 --> 00:44:56,321
You're the only ones.

993
00:44:56,323 --> 00:44:57,553
There's no one else.

994
00:45:01,323 --> 00:45:02,354
Mm-hm.

995
00:45:05,290 --> 00:45:08,887
You have a human problem,
not an engineering problem.

996
00:45:14,891 --> 00:45:16,356
What's next?

997
00:45:17,490 --> 00:45:19,321
What do you have
right in front of you

998
00:45:19,323 --> 00:45:20,753
that you have to do right now?

999
00:45:24,222 --> 00:45:26,387
Stand... stand up and go
in the conference room.

1000
00:45:27,556 --> 00:45:28,786
And then what?

1001
00:45:30,723 --> 00:45:32,788
Make sure everyone
has the right documents.

1002
00:45:34,257 --> 00:45:35,387
Then what?

1003
00:45:39,290 --> 00:45:40,756
I'll check the temperature
correlations

1004
00:45:40,758 --> 00:45:42,590
to blowby and seal integrity.

1005
00:45:44,657 --> 00:45:45,756
Good.

1006
00:45:45,758 --> 00:45:47,255
You can do this.

1007
00:45:55,855 --> 00:45:56,886
Mary?

1008
00:46:00,225 --> 00:46:01,422
I know.

1009
00:46:05,691 --> 00:46:07,722
[thrilling music]

1010
00:46:19,957 --> 00:46:21,254
[keys jangling]

1011
00:46:31,856 --> 00:46:38,289
♪ Divided we stand now
Then later take the fall ♪

1012
00:46:38,291 --> 00:46:41,721
♪ As working boys
Ain't got a chance ♪

1013
00:46:41,723 --> 00:46:44,653
♪ Unless we stand up tall ♪

1014
00:46:46,656 --> 00:46:49,855
♪ Whose side are you on, oh ♪

1015
00:46:49,857 --> 00:46:52,588
♪ Whose side are you on? ♪

1016
00:46:52,590 --> 00:46:55,688
♪ Oh ♪

1017
00:47:08,256 --> 00:47:09,286
[Dean retches]

1018
00:47:12,925 --> 00:47:16,389
♪ My daddy was a working man ♪

1019
00:47:16,391 --> 00:47:19,755
♪ Sinners to the sun ♪

1020
00:47:19,757 --> 00:47:22,822
♪ We ain't gonna stop ♪

1021
00:47:22,824 --> 00:47:26,255
♪ Until it's set and done ♪

1022
00:47:26,257 --> 00:47:29,356
♪ The power of the son in hand ♪

1023
00:47:29,358 --> 00:47:32,589
♪ There ain't no
Neutrals there ♪

1024
00:47:32,591 --> 00:47:35,887
♪ You're either be a madman ♪

1025
00:47:35,889 --> 00:47:38,553
♪ Or a surk who doesn't care ♪

1026
00:47:44,491 --> 00:47:47,453
♪ Whose side are you on, oh ♪

1027
00:47:47,455 --> 00:47:50,188
♪ Whose side are you on? ♪

1028
00:47:50,190 --> 00:47:52,822
♪ Oh ♪

1029
00:47:59,257 --> 00:48:02,423
♪ Whose side are you on, oh ♪

1030
00:48:02,425 --> 00:48:04,955
♪ Whose side are you on? ♪

1031
00:48:04,957 --> 00:48:07,722
♪ Oh ♪

1032
00:48:11,926 --> 00:48:18,423
♪ Divided we stand now
Then later take the fall ♪

1033
00:48:18,425 --> 00:48:21,722
♪ As working boys
Ain't got a chance ♪

1034
00:48:22,791 --> 00:48:23,855
Yeah.

1035
00:48:28,693 --> 00:48:34,225
♪ Unless we stand up tall ♪

1036
00:48:41,491 --> 00:48:43,155
We are all here, gentlemen.

1037
00:48:44,657 --> 00:48:45,922
[Jim] This is Jim,

1038
00:48:45,924 --> 00:48:48,686
The Company's flight engineer
here at Kennedy Space Center.

1039
00:48:48,688 --> 00:48:50,289
[Nelson]
Good evening, gentlemen.

1040
00:48:50,291 --> 00:48:52,390
Anyone from Marshall on yet?

1041
00:48:52,392 --> 00:48:56,390
Uh, yes. Sid, Rust,
and Pat here.

1042
00:48:56,392 --> 00:48:58,656
[Nelson] All right, what seems
to be the issue here?

1043
00:48:58,658 --> 00:49:01,455
Our best seal expert Adam

1044
00:49:01,457 --> 00:49:04,623
has some concerns
about the temperature.

1045
00:49:04,625 --> 00:49:07,657
I can't stress enough
how important it is

1046
00:49:07,659 --> 00:49:10,324
that how long it takes
for these O-rings to seal

1047
00:49:10,326 --> 00:49:15,356
after they are compressed
is vital to a successful launch.

1048
00:49:15,358 --> 00:49:18,356
The bottom line is
the colder it gets,

1049
00:49:18,358 --> 00:49:22,225
the further we move away
from the direction of goodness.

1050
00:49:22,227 --> 00:49:23,622
What do you mean
we're moving away

1051
00:49:23,624 --> 00:49:26,589
from the direction of goodness?

1052
00:49:26,591 --> 00:49:29,589
The ability for the seals
to expand in their grooves

1053
00:49:29,591 --> 00:49:32,590
is reduced as a function
of temperature,

1054
00:49:32,592 --> 00:49:36,688
that's when the exhaust blows
right by the gap created,

1055
00:49:36,690 --> 00:49:40,756
burns a hole in the side,
and explodes.

1056
00:49:40,758 --> 00:49:42,689
You have a history of seal
and erosion

1057
00:49:42,691 --> 00:49:45,354
and blowby correlation
from previous relevant launches.

1058
00:49:45,356 --> 00:49:47,387
Pages nine through twenty.

1059
00:49:49,726 --> 00:49:52,891
Yes, there are... there... there
are two seals on each joint.

1060
00:49:52,893 --> 00:49:56,755
Now, we have seen the primary
seal breached in the past.

1061
00:49:56,757 --> 00:49:58,190
And we have all discussed

1062
00:49:58,192 --> 00:50:00,490
the primary seal
being compromised,

1063
00:50:01,857 --> 00:50:03,758
and we have all concluded

1064
00:50:03,760 --> 00:50:06,458
that this is an acceptable level
of failure

1065
00:50:06,460 --> 00:50:10,389
if we are confident
the second seal will hold.

1066
00:50:10,391 --> 00:50:14,388
We are unsure the secondary seal
will hold at these temperatures.

1067
00:50:16,426 --> 00:50:19,355
[Nelson] So, you don't know?

1068
00:50:21,725 --> 00:50:23,792
We know that we don't know.

1069
00:50:23,794 --> 00:50:26,690
Never has a contractor
spoken more truly.

1070
00:50:26,692 --> 00:50:28,191
Well, thank you, Marshall.

1071
00:50:28,193 --> 00:50:30,590
We try to keep a handle
on things,

1072
00:50:30,592 --> 00:50:33,690
though not as good as you guys.

1073
00:50:33,692 --> 00:50:35,489
[Pat] We have enough time
to make jokes,

1074
00:50:35,491 --> 00:50:37,557
but we don't have enough time
to fix seals.

1075
00:50:37,559 --> 00:50:40,593
If the seals are a problem,
then why aren't they

1076
00:50:40,595 --> 00:50:44,290
in the problem assessment system
documents we have here?

1077
00:50:44,292 --> 00:50:47,256
And why are we just hearing
about it now, tonight?

1078
00:50:47,258 --> 00:50:49,589
Yeah, I'm gonna let our
problem assessment expert

1079
00:50:49,591 --> 00:50:51,393
handle that one.

1080
00:50:51,395 --> 00:50:52,558
Frank?

1081
00:50:54,293 --> 00:51:00,590
Uh, because it looks
to be like that

1082
00:51:00,592 --> 00:51:03,191
we left them off
of the document.

1083
00:51:03,892 --> 00:51:05,423
Because it was fixed?

1084
00:51:06,193 --> 00:51:07,425
[Frank] No, sir.

1085
00:51:07,427 --> 00:51:09,358
Because they were always
on there.

1086
00:51:10,492 --> 00:51:12,390
[Nelson] I don't understand.

1087
00:51:12,392 --> 00:51:14,292
[Pat] So you're saying
we took a problem

1088
00:51:14,294 --> 00:51:16,659
of the problem assessment system

1089
00:51:16,661 --> 00:51:18,891
because it's still a problem?

1090
00:51:18,893 --> 00:51:24,357
We all agreed
that these ongoing problems

1091
00:51:24,359 --> 00:51:28,789
were cluttering up the PASes,
no one was looking at them.

1092
00:51:28,791 --> 00:51:31,321
And the things that we took off

1093
00:51:31,323 --> 00:51:34,490
were to be handled
by a special committee.

1094
00:51:34,492 --> 00:51:37,388
Uh, seems like,
what's the main seal guy's name?

1095
00:51:37,390 --> 00:51:38,356
[Kurt] Adam.

1096
00:51:38,358 --> 00:51:41,725
Seems like Adam thinks
the problem isn't fixed.

1097
00:51:41,727 --> 00:51:43,790
We all agreed
the problem is acceptable.

1098
00:51:43,792 --> 00:51:46,690
We've never launched a shuttle
below 53 Degrees

1099
00:51:46,692 --> 00:51:48,821
and we're moving
into the coldest launch

1100
00:51:48,823 --> 00:51:50,623
in NASA's history.

1101
00:51:50,625 --> 00:51:53,622
So you're changing
the launch criteria

1102
00:51:53,624 --> 00:51:59,222
from 40 degrees to 53 degrees
the night before the launch?

1103
00:51:59,224 --> 00:52:02,189
We're saying
this is our data limitation.

1104
00:52:02,191 --> 00:52:04,692
When we run tests
and squeeze the rubber...

1105
00:52:04,694 --> 00:52:06,957
Look at page 38.

1106
00:52:06,959 --> 00:52:09,324
When we squeeze it
at 100 degrees,

1107
00:52:09,326 --> 00:52:12,424
and then let off the pressure
we never lose contact,

1108
00:52:12,426 --> 00:52:15,293
but at 50 degrees
when we let off the pressure,

1109
00:52:15,295 --> 00:52:16,557
it takes a few minutes

1110
00:52:16,559 --> 00:52:19,324
for the rubber
to spring back into place.

1111
00:52:19,326 --> 00:52:21,525
[Nelson] Your test does not
represent reality.

1112
00:52:21,527 --> 00:52:24,224
The O-rings are constantly
under pressure,

1113
00:52:24,226 --> 00:52:26,492
your conclusion is not logical.

1114
00:52:26,494 --> 00:52:28,256
It is logical.

1115
00:52:28,258 --> 00:52:30,691
It proves that the fluorocarbon
elastomer rubber

1116
00:52:30,693 --> 00:52:33,223
is absolutely affected
by temperature.

1117
00:52:33,225 --> 00:52:35,756
If we lose the seal
for a tenth of a second,

1118
00:52:35,758 --> 00:52:38,589
the hot fire and gases
could blowby the seal

1119
00:52:38,591 --> 00:52:41,490
and erode the O-ring,
which we have seen happen.

1120
00:52:41,492 --> 00:52:44,556
And if the secondary backup
O-ring does the same thing,

1121
00:52:44,558 --> 00:52:45,688
is compromised...

1122
00:52:47,192 --> 00:52:48,958
that's the ball game.

1123
00:52:48,960 --> 00:52:52,524
We've seen blowby
on STS-61-A also.

1124
00:52:52,526 --> 00:52:54,760
It's page four.

1125
00:52:54,762 --> 00:52:58,624
It says here that the launch
went off at 75 degrees

1126
00:52:58,626 --> 00:53:00,392
and you got blowby.

1127
00:53:00,394 --> 00:53:01,856
[Nelson] I just don't understand

1128
00:53:01,858 --> 00:53:03,690
how you can determine
temperature

1129
00:53:03,692 --> 00:53:05,425
is the deciding factor.

1130
00:53:05,427 --> 00:53:08,491
[Adam] Yeah, I'd like to answer
that one please.

1131
00:53:08,493 --> 00:53:10,958
I just don't understand
how you don't understand

1132
00:53:10,960 --> 00:53:14,224
that the cold makes rubber
harder and less flexible.

1133
00:53:14,226 --> 00:53:18,658
It's warm, there's blowby.
It's cold, there's blowby.

1134
00:53:18,660 --> 00:53:20,925
[Nelson]
It's warm, there's erosion.

1135
00:53:20,927 --> 00:53:23,289
It's cold, there's erosion.

1136
00:53:23,291 --> 00:53:26,925
It doesn't seem to matter
what temperature it is.

1137
00:53:26,927 --> 00:53:29,591
Yeah, if you'll just look at it
with a rudimentary pass-fail,

1138
00:53:29,593 --> 00:53:31,924
then, yes,
they both get blowby.

1139
00:53:31,926 --> 00:53:34,393
But if you get scientific
about it,

1140
00:53:34,395 --> 00:53:35,924
at the colder temperatures,

1141
00:53:35,926 --> 00:53:38,725
the soot from the blowby
is jet-black.

1142
00:53:38,727 --> 00:53:43,191
At 75 degrees, the soot from the
blowby is light gray, spotty.

1143
00:53:43,193 --> 00:53:44,526
I examined them myself.

1144
00:53:44,528 --> 00:53:45,923
Now, if you can't see
the difference,

1145
00:53:45,925 --> 00:53:47,159
I can't help you.

1146
00:53:47,161 --> 00:53:50,892
We have seen primary
seal failure in the past.

1147
00:53:50,894 --> 00:53:53,359
And if you see
primary seal failure,

1148
00:53:53,361 --> 00:53:56,594
then there is a high probability
of secondary seal failure

1149
00:53:56,596 --> 00:53:58,524
within the first second
of ignition

1150
00:53:58,526 --> 00:54:00,926
when the rocket flexes
at the joint.

1151
00:54:00,928 --> 00:54:02,890
And it will flex.

1152
00:54:02,892 --> 00:54:05,825
And when the seals
are compromised, you get blowby.

1153
00:54:05,827 --> 00:54:07,894
The blowby erodes the seals.

1154
00:54:07,896 --> 00:54:09,825
And that's when you have
rocket flames

1155
00:54:09,827 --> 00:54:12,325
shooting out the side
instead of the bottom.

1156
00:54:12,327 --> 00:54:16,424
And you have never seen
secondary backup seal failure?

1157
00:54:16,426 --> 00:54:18,225
Actually, we have.

1158
00:54:18,227 --> 00:54:24,459
STS-51-B, the secondary O-ring
suffered 12% erosion.

1159
00:54:24,461 --> 00:54:26,491
So why wasn't that
the ball game, Bill?

1160
00:54:26,493 --> 00:54:27,690
[Bill] What do you mean?

1161
00:54:27,692 --> 00:54:29,326
Well, you said earlier,

1162
00:54:29,328 --> 00:54:31,456
that if we have secondary
seal failure,

1163
00:54:31,458 --> 00:54:33,456
it would be the ball game.

1164
00:54:33,458 --> 00:54:35,425
This says it's happened before.

1165
00:54:35,427 --> 00:54:36,956
Just because we done it once

1166
00:54:36,958 --> 00:54:38,257
doesn't mean
we could do it again.

1167
00:54:38,259 --> 00:54:39,624
We did it by the skin
of our teeth.

1168
00:54:39,626 --> 00:54:41,957
Is this how we're going
to keep going?

1169
00:54:41,959 --> 00:54:44,258
Like a child who runs out
into the road

1170
00:54:44,260 --> 00:54:45,524
and nothing happens.

1171
00:54:45,526 --> 00:54:46,526
He says, "See, I'm just fine.

1172
00:54:46,528 --> 00:54:48,557
Let's just keep on running out
into the road."

1173
00:54:48,559 --> 00:54:50,191
And the parents do nothing?

1174
00:54:50,193 --> 00:54:51,293
Oh.

1175
00:54:51,295 --> 00:54:52,460
So you're the parent?

1176
00:54:52,462 --> 00:54:53,657
Someone has to be.

1177
00:54:53,659 --> 00:54:55,925
I just can't believe that
it's a function of temperature.

1178
00:54:55,927 --> 00:54:57,860
The data is inconclusive.

1179
00:54:57,862 --> 00:55:00,958
I can't accept
this train of thought.

1180
00:55:00,960 --> 00:55:02,659
If you take a look
at the synopsis,

1181
00:55:02,661 --> 00:55:04,724
we should not launch
with an O-ring temperature

1182
00:55:04,726 --> 00:55:07,191
below 53 degrees Fahrenheit.

1183
00:55:07,193 --> 00:55:09,560
It shouldn't matter that we've
skirted disaster in the past.

1184
00:55:09,562 --> 00:55:11,892
The odds will catch
with us eventually.

1185
00:55:11,894 --> 00:55:14,158
[Nelson] Quantify your results.

1186
00:55:16,861 --> 00:55:18,458
Quantify?

1187
00:55:18,460 --> 00:55:21,290
What is the probability
of primary

1188
00:55:21,292 --> 00:55:23,757
and secondary O-ring failure?

1189
00:55:23,759 --> 00:55:25,960
I don't understand
your question.

1190
00:55:25,962 --> 00:55:27,724
[Nelson] Quantify!

1191
00:55:27,726 --> 00:55:30,825
How do you quantify
a train is coming?

1192
00:55:30,827 --> 00:55:33,892
You look down the tracks
and you see a train is coming.

1193
00:55:33,894 --> 00:55:37,957
I am telling you to do it.
Quantify your results!

1194
00:55:37,959 --> 00:55:40,692
No, I can't.
I can't do that with this data!

1195
00:55:40,694 --> 00:55:43,723
I can only work with the data
in front of me.

1196
00:55:43,725 --> 00:55:45,792
You're giving me oranges

1197
00:55:45,794 --> 00:55:47,859
and asking me to bake you
an apple pie.

1198
00:55:47,861 --> 00:55:49,658
I can't do that.

1199
00:55:49,660 --> 00:55:53,693
What I can quantify
with 100% accuracy

1200
00:55:53,695 --> 00:55:55,624
is that right now
we are moving away

1201
00:55:55,626 --> 00:55:57,925
from the direction of goodness.

1202
00:55:57,927 --> 00:56:01,458
I don't... I don't understand
this conversation. I...

1203
00:56:01,460 --> 00:56:04,560
The facts don't lie!

1204
00:56:04,562 --> 00:56:06,591
I don't understand
how you can see the facts

1205
00:56:06,593 --> 00:56:08,393
and they don't convince you.

1206
00:56:08,395 --> 00:56:10,526
Cold rubber doesn't lie.

1207
00:56:10,528 --> 00:56:12,692
Recovered rockets don't lie.

1208
00:56:12,694 --> 00:56:15,859
Burned up,
charred up O-rings don't lie.

1209
00:56:17,626 --> 00:56:19,561
I'm right about this.

1210
00:56:19,563 --> 00:56:20,626
I am.

1211
00:56:22,329 --> 00:56:26,326
You hired me to do a job,
and by God, I'm gonna do it.

1212
00:56:26,328 --> 00:56:31,926
And I don't care if it ruins me,
or you, or NASA

1213
00:56:31,928 --> 00:56:34,260
or anybody else, you get me?

1214
00:56:38,562 --> 00:56:39,726
[Sid] So what do you think, Pat?

1215
00:56:41,195 --> 00:56:42,625
I am appalled
that you would dare

1216
00:56:42,627 --> 00:56:44,527
to make such a recommendation.

1217
00:56:44,529 --> 00:56:48,393
And change the flight criteria
the night before a launch?

1218
00:56:49,462 --> 00:56:50,427
Look here,

1219
00:56:50,429 --> 00:56:54,560
it is expected to be
29-39 degrees tomorrow.

1220
00:56:54,562 --> 00:56:56,492
Even your high temperature

1221
00:56:56,494 --> 00:56:58,457
is outside
of our data experience.

1222
00:56:59,562 --> 00:57:01,559
Haven't you been
getting ice already?

1223
00:57:04,263 --> 00:57:05,326
Fine.

1224
00:57:05,328 --> 00:57:07,726
I'm not gonna go against
a contractor's assessment.

1225
00:57:10,761 --> 00:57:14,391
When do you want me to launch?
Next April?

1226
00:57:20,695 --> 00:57:23,626
[Nelson] I can't go against
a contractor's recommendation

1227
00:57:23,628 --> 00:57:24,659
to stop the launch.

1228
00:57:32,928 --> 00:57:34,125
Pat?

1229
00:57:35,893 --> 00:57:37,157
Jim?

1230
00:57:38,393 --> 00:57:40,727
This has to be
an engineering decision,

1231
00:57:40,729 --> 00:57:42,695
not program or management.

1232
00:57:44,228 --> 00:57:46,791
Kurt? You wanna give us a final?

1233
00:57:46,793 --> 00:57:49,890
Uh, can you give us
about five minutes, please?

1234
00:57:50,962 --> 00:57:52,225
[Nelson] Yes. You bet.

1235
00:57:52,227 --> 00:57:53,357
Thank you.

1236
00:57:54,796 --> 00:57:58,424
This is so backwards.

1237
00:57:58,426 --> 00:58:01,859
Generating new launch criteria
the night before you launch,

1238
00:58:01,861 --> 00:58:03,958
that's backwards.

1239
00:58:03,960 --> 00:58:07,226
I suspect our guys
are gathering more data,

1240
00:58:07,228 --> 00:58:08,262
running numbers to come up

1241
00:58:08,264 --> 00:58:10,760
with a more accurate
temperature launch window.

1242
00:58:12,827 --> 00:58:15,459
Whatever they're doing,
they had better come back

1243
00:58:15,461 --> 00:58:17,758
with a way to quantify
their recommendation.

1244
00:58:23,194 --> 00:58:24,294
What was that?

1245
00:58:24,296 --> 00:58:26,893
So now we have to prove
that something doesn't work?

1246
00:58:26,895 --> 00:58:29,193
Instead of having to prove
that it does work?

1247
00:58:29,195 --> 00:58:36,192
[whispering]

1248
00:58:39,696 --> 00:58:41,627
We need to make
a management decision.

1249
00:58:41,629 --> 00:58:43,193
We can't do that.

1250
00:58:45,528 --> 00:58:48,524
Please, look at the chart
in front of you.

1251
00:58:50,229 --> 00:58:51,793
If Bill...
if it tell say nothing,

1252
00:58:51,795 --> 00:58:54,893
let them show you
our uncertainty.

1253
00:58:54,895 --> 00:58:57,792
We cannot guarantee a good seal!
[thumps on table]

1254
00:59:02,495 --> 00:59:03,793
I don't know what else to say.

1255
00:59:08,195 --> 00:59:09,692
Black soot. Look at 'em.

1256
00:59:10,727 --> 00:59:11,959
Look at 'em!

1257
00:59:11,961 --> 00:59:14,895
[Lester] Data is inconclusive.

1258
00:59:14,897 --> 00:59:17,560
I wouldn't get
on that shuttle tomorrow.

1259
00:59:17,562 --> 00:59:19,726
You're not an astronaut.

1260
00:59:19,728 --> 00:59:21,759
That's right.
I'm not an astronaut.

1261
00:59:21,761 --> 00:59:23,891
But their lives
are in our hands.

1262
00:59:25,196 --> 00:59:26,930
Would you get on that shuttle?

1263
00:59:26,932 --> 00:59:28,327
They know the risks.

1264
00:59:28,329 --> 00:59:30,227
And that's not our concern.

1265
00:59:31,362 --> 00:59:32,392
What?

1266
00:59:34,829 --> 00:59:37,595
- What kind of a man are you?
- [Kurt] Adam!

1267
00:59:37,597 --> 00:59:40,962
Who... How dare you play
with human life like that?

1268
00:59:40,964 --> 00:59:44,326
Who do you think you are?
God? Huh?

1269
00:59:44,328 --> 00:59:47,658
You think you get to decide
who lives and who dies?

1270
00:59:50,428 --> 00:59:53,528
This is despicable
is what this is.

1271
00:59:53,530 --> 00:59:56,427
You're a weak,
spineless man, who can't...

1272
00:59:56,429 --> 01:00:01,825
won't give these poor souls
a chance, so... so what?

1273
01:00:01,827 --> 01:00:03,926
So we can keep our stupid jobs?

1274
01:00:03,928 --> 01:00:08,393
And make an extra buck or two?
Huh?

1275
01:00:08,395 --> 01:00:11,194
You're willing to drive right up
to the edge of the cliff,

1276
01:00:11,196 --> 01:00:14,493
just to see how close
you can get without falling off.

1277
01:00:14,495 --> 01:00:16,494
You're gonna fall off tomorrow.

1278
01:00:18,261 --> 01:00:20,561
I tell you what,
why don't you put on

1279
01:00:20,563 --> 01:00:22,594
one of those pretty
blue costumes and a helmet,

1280
01:00:22,596 --> 01:00:24,393
drive yourself down to that cage

1281
01:00:24,395 --> 01:00:26,358
with a bomb strapped under it,
huh?

1282
01:00:26,360 --> 01:00:29,959
Better yet, why don't you invite
your wife or your daughter?

1283
01:00:29,961 --> 01:00:33,158
This is not a management
decision.

1284
01:01:05,495 --> 01:01:07,828
NASA, we took a second look
at our data,

1285
01:01:07,830 --> 01:01:09,728
and we've determined
that it is inconclusive.

1286
01:01:10,797 --> 01:01:12,294
Our recommendation is to launch.

1287
01:01:14,460 --> 01:01:16,360
[Pat]
Are there any disagreements?

1288
01:01:18,398 --> 01:01:19,461
Then it's a go.

1289
01:01:21,262 --> 01:01:22,259
[Carl inhales sharply]

1290
01:01:24,197 --> 01:01:25,827
[Larry] Why didn't you speak up
after that?

1291
01:01:27,698 --> 01:01:29,161
Why did you stay silent?

1292
01:01:31,395 --> 01:01:33,160
You guys were the engineers.

1293
01:01:33,930 --> 01:01:35,560
You should have said something.

1294
01:01:38,564 --> 01:01:39,862
I don't know
what to say to that.

1295
01:01:42,829 --> 01:01:47,492
That's exactly why you need
our help, to get through this.

1296
01:01:47,494 --> 01:01:49,259
These questions
are gonna come up.

1297
01:01:51,298 --> 01:01:52,497
You need to have an answer.

1298
01:01:52,499 --> 01:01:56,428
Can you fax over a flight
recommendation to get signed?

1299
01:01:56,430 --> 01:01:57,930
Right away.

1300
01:01:57,932 --> 01:02:00,462
[fax machine whirring]

1301
01:02:10,795 --> 01:02:13,427
Please sign this.

1302
01:02:13,429 --> 01:02:15,526
Oh, no.

1303
01:02:15,528 --> 01:02:19,428
We need someone
from your company to sign this.

1304
01:02:19,430 --> 01:02:20,760
I'm not signing that.

1305
01:02:27,897 --> 01:02:30,195
Can we have someone
from your end

1306
01:02:30,197 --> 01:02:35,562
sign a flight recommendation
and fax it over, please?

1307
01:02:37,299 --> 01:02:38,295
[Myron] Right away.

1308
01:02:43,461 --> 01:02:45,562
The recovery boats
coming back in

1309
01:02:45,564 --> 01:02:47,194
was enough to scrap the launch.

1310
01:02:47,196 --> 01:02:48,863
The wind was enough
to scrap the launch.

1311
01:02:48,865 --> 01:02:50,862
The ice was enough
to scrap the launch.

1312
01:02:50,864 --> 01:02:53,629
Let alone your contractor
safety concerns.

1313
01:03:04,697 --> 01:03:06,526
If something happens tomorrow,

1314
01:03:06,528 --> 01:03:08,562
I wouldn't want to be the one
to stand up in front

1315
01:03:08,564 --> 01:03:10,896
of some board of inquisition
and give testimony

1316
01:03:10,898 --> 01:03:14,527
as to why I chose to launch
against the qualifications

1317
01:03:14,529 --> 01:03:17,228
and recommendations
of my engineers.

1318
01:03:20,297 --> 01:03:21,327
[groans]

1319
01:03:24,931 --> 01:03:27,130
[somber music]

1320
01:03:46,964 --> 01:03:49,162
[somber music continues]

1321
01:04:25,663 --> 01:04:27,661
[engine revving]

1322
01:04:52,963 --> 01:04:55,161
[somber music]

1323
01:05:49,197 --> 01:05:51,629
[clock ticking]

1324
01:05:51,631 --> 01:05:53,263
[announcer]
The T-minus ten seconds

1325
01:05:53,265 --> 01:05:56,296
to burn off any residual
hydrogen gas.

1326
01:05:56,298 --> 01:05:59,230
T-minus 45 seconds and counting.

1327
01:05:59,232 --> 01:06:02,328
The Solid Rocket Booster
flight instrumentation reporters

1328
01:06:02,330 --> 01:06:04,262
have gone into the record mode.

1329
01:06:07,398 --> 01:06:10,960
Coming up on the 32nd point
in our countdown.

1330
01:06:10,962 --> 01:06:14,363
The SRB hydraulic power
units have started.

1331
01:06:14,365 --> 01:06:15,897
T-minus 21 seconds.

1332
01:06:15,899 --> 01:06:19,697
And the Solid Rocket Booster
engine gimbal is now underway.

1333
01:06:20,966 --> 01:06:22,830
T-minus 15 seconds.

1334
01:06:25,497 --> 01:06:27,398
T-minus ten.

1335
01:06:27,400 --> 01:06:30,895
Nine, eight, seven, six...

1336
01:06:30,897 --> 01:06:32,864
We have main engine start.

1337
01:06:32,866 --> 01:06:36,728
...four, three, two, one.

1338
01:06:36,730 --> 01:06:38,399
And lift off.

1339
01:06:38,401 --> 01:06:41,629
Lift of from the 25th
space shuttle mission

1340
01:06:41,631 --> 01:06:43,195
and it has cleared the tower.

1341
01:06:44,200 --> 01:06:48,664
[indistinct radio chatter]

1342
01:06:48,666 --> 01:06:51,663
[rumbling]

1343
01:06:54,533 --> 01:06:56,397
[man #1] Challenger now
heading down range.

1344
01:07:04,666 --> 01:07:08,697
Engine's beginning throttling
now at 94 percent.

1345
01:07:08,699 --> 01:07:11,896
Normal throttle, uh,
most applied 104 percent.

1346
01:07:14,299 --> 01:07:17,462
It will travel down to, uh,
65 percent, shortly.

1347
01:07:20,964 --> 01:07:22,464
Engine's at 65 percent.

1348
01:07:22,466 --> 01:07:24,261
Three engines
are running normally.

1349
01:07:24,263 --> 01:07:25,397
Three good fuel cells.

1350
01:07:25,399 --> 01:07:26,597
Three good engines.

1351
01:07:27,532 --> 01:07:28,532
Engines throttling up.

1352
01:07:28,534 --> 01:07:30,463
Three engines now
at 104 percent.

1353
01:07:30,465 --> 01:07:32,530
[man #2]
Challenger, go and throttle up.

1354
01:07:32,532 --> 01:07:33,729
[man #3]
Challenger's gonna throttle up.

1355
01:07:35,931 --> 01:07:37,294
[explosion]

1356
01:07:38,732 --> 01:07:39,966
[man #1]
One minute, fifteen seconds.

1357
01:07:39,968 --> 01:07:41,696
Velocity, 2900 feet per second.

1358
01:07:41,698 --> 01:07:42,864
An altitude,
nine nautical miles.

1359
01:07:42,866 --> 01:07:44,763
Generates distance,
seven nautical miles.

1360
01:08:08,564 --> 01:08:10,897
Did you know the investigation
turned up the fact

1361
01:08:10,899 --> 01:08:13,966
that some of them
survived the initial explosion?

1362
01:08:13,968 --> 01:08:18,866
[clattering]

1363
01:08:18,868 --> 01:08:22,298
Some of the safety switch
protocols had been activated.

1364
01:08:23,266 --> 01:08:25,662
[rumbling]

1365
01:08:25,664 --> 01:08:29,195
[wind swishing]

1366
01:08:30,796 --> 01:08:33,628
[wind gusting]

1367
01:08:33,630 --> 01:08:34,695
[woman gasps]

1368
01:08:38,699 --> 01:08:41,865
Did they die on impact?
Did they drown?

1369
01:08:41,867 --> 01:08:43,264
Did they suffocate?

1370
01:08:44,567 --> 01:08:46,230
[clattering]

1371
01:08:49,666 --> 01:08:50,730
[woman whimpers]

1372
01:08:55,399 --> 01:08:56,562
[wind gusts]

1373
01:09:00,364 --> 01:09:02,296
I guess it doesn't matter.

1374
01:09:04,830 --> 01:09:06,427
Did you know any of them?

1375
01:09:10,298 --> 01:09:11,328
No.

1376
01:09:13,798 --> 01:09:15,297
[Adam] Never met a single one.

1377
01:09:19,532 --> 01:09:22,730
[Larry] This is a tragedy.

1378
01:09:22,732 --> 01:09:27,832
A true tragedy, one our nation
will not soon forget.

1379
01:09:30,399 --> 01:09:33,830
But I think we have to remember,
it's a risky business.

1380
01:09:34,733 --> 01:09:35,763
[Adam] It is.

1381
01:09:36,934 --> 01:09:37,932
But you know what?

1382
01:09:37,934 --> 01:09:41,731
I'm really gettin' kinda sick
of hearing that.

1383
01:09:41,733 --> 01:09:45,298
Least we had Reagan
to comfort us, though, huh?

1384
01:09:45,300 --> 01:09:48,499
[Reagan] Today is a day
of mourning and remembering.

1385
01:09:48,501 --> 01:09:49,862
We know we share this pain

1386
01:09:49,864 --> 01:09:52,464
with all of the people
of our country.

1387
01:09:52,466 --> 01:09:55,529
This is truly a national loss.

1388
01:09:55,531 --> 01:09:57,764
To the families of the seven,

1389
01:09:57,766 --> 01:10:01,330
we cannot bear as you do
the full impact of this tragedy.

1390
01:10:02,267 --> 01:10:03,398
But we feel the loss

1391
01:10:03,400 --> 01:10:06,764
and we're thinking
about you so very much.

1392
01:10:06,766 --> 01:10:08,731
I've always had great faith in

1393
01:10:08,733 --> 01:10:10,933
and respect
for our space program.

1394
01:10:10,935 --> 01:10:14,199
And what happened today
does nothing to diminish it.

1395
01:10:14,201 --> 01:10:16,199
We don't hide our space program,

1396
01:10:16,201 --> 01:10:18,765
we don't keep secrets
and cover things up.

1397
01:10:18,767 --> 01:10:21,632
We do it all upfront
and in public.

1398
01:10:21,634 --> 01:10:23,230
That's the way freedom is

1399
01:10:23,232 --> 01:10:25,730
and we wouldn't change it
for a minute.

1400
01:10:25,732 --> 01:10:28,301
We'll continue
our quest in space.

1401
01:10:28,303 --> 01:10:29,697
There would be
more shuttle flights

1402
01:10:29,699 --> 01:10:31,498
and more shuttle crews.

1403
01:10:31,500 --> 01:10:33,967
And, yes, more volunteers,
more civilians,

1404
01:10:33,969 --> 01:10:36,531
more teachers in space.

1405
01:10:36,533 --> 01:10:37,763
Nothing ends here.

1406
01:10:38,968 --> 01:10:40,598
We will never forget them,

1407
01:10:40,600 --> 01:10:43,831
nor the last time we saw them,
this morning.

1408
01:10:43,833 --> 01:10:45,496
As they prepared
for their journey

1409
01:10:45,498 --> 01:10:47,464
and waved goodbye,

1410
01:10:47,466 --> 01:10:51,230
and "slipped
the slurry bonds of Earth"

1411
01:10:51,232 --> 01:10:52,629
to "touch the face of God."

1412
01:10:53,933 --> 01:10:55,163
Thank you.

1413
01:10:59,633 --> 01:11:00,630
[sighs]

1414
01:11:03,768 --> 01:11:05,765
[breaths heavily]

1415
01:11:16,267 --> 01:11:17,865
[stutters]
What are you doing?

1416
01:11:17,867 --> 01:11:18,963
[Adam]
Getting rid of this thing.

1417
01:11:18,965 --> 01:11:20,731
[Mary] Why?

1418
01:11:20,733 --> 01:11:23,432
Adam, can you just wait
just one second?

1419
01:11:23,434 --> 01:11:25,530
Adam, what do you think
this is going to solve?

1420
01:11:25,532 --> 01:11:26,665
[Adam] I don't know.

1421
01:11:26,667 --> 01:11:28,464
You don't have to throw away
our TV.

1422
01:11:28,466 --> 01:11:30,362
Mary, I don't want
all of this getting in.

1423
01:11:30,364 --> 01:11:31,363
Getting in? What are talking...

1424
01:11:31,365 --> 01:11:33,363
The reports, the
investigations, the accusations.

1425
01:11:33,365 --> 01:11:34,464
Haven't you heard
what he was saying?

1426
01:11:34,466 --> 01:11:36,196
Against me. Against us.

1427
01:11:36,198 --> 01:11:37,828
You didn't do anything.

1428
01:11:45,967 --> 01:11:47,164
[Mary] Hey.

1429
01:11:47,832 --> 01:11:49,230
You did something.

1430
01:11:50,834 --> 01:11:52,365
That amounted to nothing.

1431
01:11:53,967 --> 01:11:55,630
You didn't do anything wrong.

1432
01:12:00,668 --> 01:12:02,199
What?

1433
01:12:02,201 --> 01:12:03,696
You did the right thing.

1434
01:12:03,698 --> 01:12:05,399
[Adam] I did the right thing?

1435
01:12:05,401 --> 01:12:07,699
This is where you end up
when you do the right thing.

1436
01:12:07,701 --> 01:12:09,730
Right out here in the alley,
right next to the trash

1437
01:12:09,732 --> 01:12:11,832
where the... where the neighbors
can look at you

1438
01:12:11,834 --> 01:12:14,433
and gawk, "Oh, there he is,
there's the engineer,

1439
01:12:14,435 --> 01:12:16,199
that's the guy
that works for the O-rings,

1440
01:12:16,201 --> 01:12:18,699
killed seven people," Mary.

1441
01:12:18,701 --> 01:12:19,834
So, yeah, this spot right here,

1442
01:12:19,836 --> 01:12:22,234
this is where you end up
when you do the right thing.

1443
01:12:23,433 --> 01:12:25,497
You didn't do anything wrong.

1444
01:12:26,632 --> 01:12:28,232
I could've...

1445
01:12:28,234 --> 01:12:29,866
I could've done so much more.

1446
01:12:29,868 --> 01:12:31,729
No. No. You couldn't have.

1447
01:12:31,731 --> 01:12:33,799
You did everything
that you could have.

1448
01:12:33,801 --> 01:12:35,631
- [Adam] No!
- All of you did.

1449
01:12:35,633 --> 01:12:38,532
Well, did I, uh,
did I call the media?

1450
01:12:38,534 --> 01:12:40,198
Did... did I call
the astronauts?

1451
01:12:40,200 --> 01:12:41,832
Did I try to call
the astronaut's families?

1452
01:12:41,834 --> 01:12:45,632
Did I pick up the red phone
and try to call the president?

1453
01:12:45,634 --> 01:12:46,866
Did I jump in my car

1454
01:12:46,868 --> 01:12:49,198
and go flying all the way down
to Florida

1455
01:12:49,200 --> 01:12:51,234
and go lay down
in the middle of the launch pad

1456
01:12:51,236 --> 01:12:54,565
to try to stop this thing
that I knew was gonna happen?

1457
01:12:54,567 --> 01:12:56,800
I know. I know you knew it.

1458
01:12:56,802 --> 01:12:58,199
But it wouldn't have
changed anything

1459
01:12:58,201 --> 01:12:59,565
because they didn't listen.

1460
01:13:00,933 --> 01:13:02,267
They didn't listen.

1461
01:13:02,269 --> 01:13:04,534
They should have pushed
the launch...

1462
01:13:06,466 --> 01:13:08,197
They should have pushed
the launch.

1463
01:13:09,635 --> 01:13:13,266
They should've pushed it
a few hours, a few weeks, days,

1464
01:13:13,268 --> 01:13:14,333
whatever it took.

1465
01:13:15,269 --> 01:13:16,531
But they didn't.

1466
01:13:16,533 --> 01:13:18,297
And that is on them.

1467
01:13:20,534 --> 01:13:22,332
You were right.

1468
01:13:27,204 --> 01:13:28,400
I was right.

1469
01:13:31,635 --> 01:13:32,632
I was right.

1470
01:13:35,334 --> 01:13:36,364
So what?

1471
01:13:39,668 --> 01:13:44,532
We... This is too heavy
a burden to carry.

1472
01:13:46,936 --> 01:13:50,464
This is what you need to be
throwing away, not the TV.

1473
01:13:50,466 --> 01:13:54,467
Mary, I wasn't the right man
for the job.

1474
01:13:54,469 --> 01:13:56,399
But that's not how this works.

1475
01:14:07,966 --> 01:14:09,732
You can throw it away,

1476
01:14:09,734 --> 01:14:11,500
but it's not gonna
change anything.

1477
01:14:17,636 --> 01:14:19,532
Maybe not,

1478
01:14:19,534 --> 01:14:21,866
but you get to decide
where you go from here.

1479
01:14:26,468 --> 01:14:28,500
[somber music]

1480
01:14:44,268 --> 01:14:47,399
What happened in Utah
a few weeks after?

1481
01:14:47,401 --> 01:14:49,933
[Adam] I don't know.
People were upset.

1482
01:14:49,935 --> 01:14:52,499
Uh, the whole town
has a stake in this.

1483
01:14:52,501 --> 01:14:54,465
Most of us who live here,
work there.

1484
01:14:55,902 --> 01:15:00,632
There were a few individuals
who decided to pull

1485
01:15:00,634 --> 01:15:04,400
a very insensitive stunt,
we don't know who they were.

1486
01:15:04,402 --> 01:15:07,133
Did you feel like
it was directed at you?

1487
01:15:08,667 --> 01:15:10,431
Yeah, I did.

1488
01:15:13,770 --> 01:15:15,802
[somber music]

1489
01:16:12,535 --> 01:16:14,534
[foreboding music]

1490
01:16:15,704 --> 01:16:16,901
[Adam] Hey. Hey.

1491
01:16:20,503 --> 01:16:22,899
Does anybody call you names
because of what happened?

1492
01:16:22,901 --> 01:16:24,232
[Emma] Some of them.

1493
01:16:25,770 --> 01:16:26,834
Yeah.

1494
01:16:28,835 --> 01:16:31,467
I am so sorry
that this is happening to you.

1495
01:16:32,834 --> 01:16:35,265
Can we just leave now
and never come back?

1496
01:16:37,771 --> 01:16:38,801
No.

1497
01:16:40,636 --> 01:16:42,936
No, something wrong
has been done,

1498
01:16:42,938 --> 01:16:46,435
and your dad
has to see it through, okay?

1499
01:16:46,437 --> 01:16:47,466
[Emma] Why?

1500
01:16:52,269 --> 01:16:53,632
I'm not sure why.

1501
01:16:56,502 --> 01:16:57,832
And I'm not sure it matters.

1502
01:16:59,403 --> 01:17:00,867
I don't wanna go
to school today.

1503
01:17:01,667 --> 01:17:05,268
Oh. Come here.

1504
01:17:05,270 --> 01:17:08,700
You don't have to, kiddo,
you don't have to.

1505
01:17:10,203 --> 01:17:11,900
But you are gonna have
to go back.

1506
01:17:14,236 --> 01:17:15,833
And when you do,
it's gonna be hard.

1507
01:17:17,467 --> 01:17:18,667
I want you
to remember something,

1508
01:17:18,669 --> 01:17:20,566
and you remember this always...

1509
01:17:23,401 --> 01:17:25,933
your dad tried to stop
that launch

1510
01:17:25,935 --> 01:17:27,765
when no one else would.

1511
01:17:29,768 --> 01:17:31,201
That's the truth.

1512
01:17:31,203 --> 01:17:33,201
[somber music]

1513
01:17:41,336 --> 01:17:44,701
They will eventually call anyone
and everyone

1514
01:17:44,703 --> 01:17:45,799
who has a significant role

1515
01:17:45,801 --> 01:17:48,633
in the Solid Rocket Booster
fabrication to testify

1516
01:17:48,635 --> 01:17:51,466
before the commission of
President Reagan has assembled.

1517
01:17:52,569 --> 01:17:53,701
It's a witch hunt.

1518
01:17:53,703 --> 01:17:54,934
It's not a witch hunt.

1519
01:17:54,936 --> 01:17:57,867
It's just
a Fact-Finding Committee.

1520
01:17:57,869 --> 01:18:00,832
Well, they've found an awful lot
of facts lately, haven't they?

1521
01:18:01,804 --> 01:18:03,734
Like what?

1522
01:18:03,736 --> 01:18:06,434
Like that New York Times
article,

1523
01:18:06,436 --> 01:18:09,568
where an insider
leaked sensitive information.

1524
01:18:09,570 --> 01:18:12,969
It's not sensitive information,
it's the truth.

1525
01:18:12,971 --> 01:18:14,833
And if you're implying
that I'm the one who leaked,

1526
01:18:14,835 --> 01:18:16,203
you're out of your mind.

1527
01:18:16,205 --> 01:18:18,569
Do not give out
any more information

1528
01:18:18,571 --> 01:18:20,935
than is absolutely necessary.

1529
01:18:20,937 --> 01:18:24,203
Yes, no, or I don't know.

1530
01:18:24,205 --> 01:18:26,302
You shouldn't antagonize
these people.

1531
01:18:26,304 --> 01:18:28,768
Don't go out there on your own.

1532
01:18:28,770 --> 01:18:30,566
I'm telling you,
for your own sake.

1533
01:18:30,568 --> 01:18:33,633
I don't like the way
you said that.

1534
01:18:33,635 --> 01:18:35,669
Do you want the space program
to continue.

1535
01:18:35,671 --> 01:18:37,802
- Yes or no?
- [Jim] That's not the question.

1536
01:18:37,804 --> 01:18:40,402
Yes or no?

1537
01:18:40,404 --> 01:18:44,634
That is the question.
That is the only question.

1538
01:18:44,636 --> 01:18:46,469
You engineers seem to think
that in few weeks,

1539
01:18:46,471 --> 01:18:47,767
it's business as usual.

1540
01:18:47,769 --> 01:18:49,535
Well, I have news for you.

1541
01:18:49,537 --> 01:18:53,201
You are not flying again
anytime soon.

1542
01:18:53,203 --> 01:18:55,236
You get to decide when.

1543
01:18:55,238 --> 01:18:56,702
How long do you wanna wait

1544
01:18:56,704 --> 01:18:58,300
before the next shuttle
is on the launch pad?

1545
01:18:58,302 --> 01:19:00,602
Three years or three decades?

1546
01:19:00,604 --> 01:19:02,403
You decide.

1547
01:19:02,405 --> 01:19:05,569
Mistakes have been made
and if they continue to be made,

1548
01:19:05,571 --> 01:19:07,702
you are never flying again,
ever.

1549
01:19:07,704 --> 01:19:10,266
That decision is made for you.

1550
01:19:10,268 --> 01:19:11,202
No more contracts,

1551
01:19:11,204 --> 01:19:14,337
no more space program,
no more progress.

1552
01:19:14,339 --> 01:19:15,668
This is it.

1553
01:19:15,670 --> 01:19:19,203
History-making time, right now.

1554
01:19:19,205 --> 01:19:20,766
Do you continue
to shoot your mouth off

1555
01:19:20,768 --> 01:19:23,233
with no regard to progress?

1556
01:19:24,304 --> 01:19:26,433
Because if you go
against counsel

1557
01:19:26,435 --> 01:19:27,869
and you perjure yourself,

1558
01:19:27,871 --> 01:19:30,570
or you say something
incriminating by accident,

1559
01:19:30,572 --> 01:19:32,601
that is on you.

1560
01:19:32,603 --> 01:19:34,635
Testifying before
a presidential commission

1561
01:19:34,637 --> 01:19:36,603
is nothing to screw around with.

1562
01:19:39,204 --> 01:19:42,403
And how many
have you testified before?

1563
01:19:42,405 --> 01:19:43,533
I don't testify.

1564
01:19:43,535 --> 01:19:44,501
None.

1565
01:19:44,503 --> 01:19:47,902
You've testified before none,
and I have,

1566
01:19:47,904 --> 01:19:50,202
so that makes me the expert
in this room.

1567
01:19:50,204 --> 01:19:53,467
Yes, no, or I don't know.

1568
01:19:55,369 --> 01:19:57,333
I have to get back to work.

1569
01:19:57,335 --> 01:20:01,266
If you go against us,
you will lose.

1570
01:20:03,204 --> 01:20:04,535
Both of you.

1571
01:20:04,537 --> 01:20:07,668
[man] ...at the secondary seal
that we were talked,

1572
01:20:07,670 --> 01:20:11,533
that we alluded to
with the type of erosion,

1573
01:20:11,535 --> 01:20:14,768
uh, that we had was...

1574
01:20:14,770 --> 01:20:18,368
[indistinct chatter]

1575
01:20:18,370 --> 01:20:20,602
I understand what critically
one means,

1576
01:20:20,604 --> 01:20:23,467
it means it is important
for safety and for flight.

1577
01:20:23,469 --> 01:20:25,869
Is there a high...
higher category than that?

1578
01:20:25,871 --> 01:20:28,668
Let me go back just one moment
to the Cook memorandum.

1579
01:20:28,670 --> 01:20:30,934
He said, "I would think
that any NASA budgets

1580
01:20:30,936 --> 01:20:33,933
submitted this year
for fiscal year 1987,

1581
01:20:33,935 --> 01:20:36,634
should certainly be based
on a reliable judgement."

1582
01:20:36,636 --> 01:20:37,734
Just getting started.

1583
01:20:38,673 --> 01:20:40,367
Anyone know you're here?

1584
01:20:40,369 --> 01:20:42,367
I don't think anyone knows
anyone is here.

1585
01:20:45,268 --> 01:20:48,902
Is there any internal
correspondence

1586
01:20:48,904 --> 01:20:51,569
on potential concern

1587
01:20:51,571 --> 01:20:56,633
over the operation
of the O-rings or the joints?

1588
01:20:56,635 --> 01:20:59,769
We can ask Jim who works
for the contractor that built

1589
01:20:59,771 --> 01:21:02,202
the Solid Rocket Boosters,
if they have anything.

1590
01:21:03,772 --> 01:21:06,937
I believe there's some test data
in progress now.

1591
01:21:06,939 --> 01:21:08,034
Some from before,

1592
01:21:08,036 --> 01:21:11,633
that, uh, speaks to
the resiliency of the O-rings.

1593
01:21:13,368 --> 01:21:14,602
There were some discussions

1594
01:21:14,604 --> 01:21:17,236
the night before the launch,
correct?

1595
01:21:17,238 --> 01:21:20,301
Between you and the people
at contractors company?

1596
01:21:20,771 --> 01:21:21,901
Yes, sir.

1597
01:21:21,903 --> 01:21:24,233
As a matter of routine,

1598
01:21:24,235 --> 01:21:27,266
we ask our technical people,
contractors,

1599
01:21:28,306 --> 01:21:30,268
if there are any concerns.

1600
01:21:30,270 --> 01:21:32,468
And the only concerns
that they pointed out

1601
01:21:32,470 --> 01:21:36,535
were the recovery battery,
um, temperatures.

1602
01:21:36,537 --> 01:21:37,703
And those are located
on the forward end...

1603
01:21:37,705 --> 01:21:38,769
No!

1604
01:21:38,771 --> 01:21:42,536
...of the Solid Rocket Boosters.

1605
01:21:42,538 --> 01:21:47,435
Did you discuss anything with
the contractors or engineers?

1606
01:21:47,437 --> 01:21:53,468
They presented to us the fact
that the lowest temperature

1607
01:21:53,470 --> 01:21:58,901
that we had flown an O-ring
or a case joint was 53 degrees,

1608
01:21:58,903 --> 01:22:01,803
and they wanted to point out

1609
01:22:01,805 --> 01:22:05,769
that we would be outside
our experience base.

1610
01:22:06,805 --> 01:22:07,937
Okay.

1611
01:22:07,939 --> 01:22:11,968
I'm asking because we read
in the New York Times

1612
01:22:11,970 --> 01:22:14,434
about memos to NASA

1613
01:22:14,436 --> 01:22:18,871
expressing concern
about erosion of the O-rings.

1614
01:22:18,873 --> 01:22:22,304
Are there any documents
expressing concern

1615
01:22:22,306 --> 01:22:24,237
about the temperature
that morning?

1616
01:22:26,972 --> 01:22:30,201
I'm not aware
of any such documents.

1617
01:22:35,571 --> 01:22:39,336
I will go back and...
and look, go to my files

1618
01:22:40,237 --> 01:22:41,534
to see if there are any.

1619
01:22:44,504 --> 01:22:45,702
Seriously?

1620
01:22:45,704 --> 01:22:46,903
Guys.

1621
01:22:46,905 --> 01:22:48,266
Liars!

1622
01:22:48,268 --> 01:22:49,835
Shh!

1623
01:22:49,837 --> 01:22:51,135
I can't believe this.

1624
01:22:53,569 --> 01:22:55,735
Someone has to say something.

1625
01:22:55,737 --> 01:22:57,402
Please, the media is here.

1626
01:22:57,404 --> 01:22:58,434
So what?

1627
01:23:02,671 --> 01:23:03,937
What are you doing?

1628
01:23:03,939 --> 01:23:05,235
Please put your hand down.

1629
01:23:05,237 --> 01:23:06,533
I can't let it
go down like this.

1630
01:23:07,538 --> 01:23:08,870
That's not working.

1631
01:23:08,872 --> 01:23:10,136
Shh.

1632
01:23:12,704 --> 01:23:14,603
- There you go.
- Shh!

1633
01:23:14,605 --> 01:23:16,835
Oh, stop it, you.
Go interrupt them.

1634
01:23:16,837 --> 01:23:19,736
[man #2] ...now, we don't know
if he did anything about this.

1635
01:23:19,738 --> 01:23:21,269
- I'm not doing this.
- Go!

1636
01:23:24,604 --> 01:23:28,603
We... we are all seeing this
really for the first time.

1637
01:23:28,605 --> 01:23:30,802
I guess we saw it
in the newspaper...

1638
01:23:30,804 --> 01:23:33,668
I'd like to say about the
meeting you're talking about...

1639
01:23:33,670 --> 01:23:34,670
earlier.

1640
01:23:34,672 --> 01:23:37,237
[Dr. Ride] Am I correct
in assuming that, uh,

1641
01:23:37,239 --> 01:23:40,570
what you described that in
the normal chain of authority,

1642
01:23:40,572 --> 01:23:42,736
neither Mr. Cook
nor Mr. Mann....

1643
01:23:42,738 --> 01:23:45,403
I'd like to say something
about the meeting

1644
01:23:45,405 --> 01:23:46,667
you were talking about.

1645
01:23:47,938 --> 01:23:51,571
[Jim] Hey, hey,
hold on a second, um...

1646
01:23:51,573 --> 01:23:54,569
I believe Jim Whitt
will have something to add.

1647
01:23:55,871 --> 01:23:57,771
Yes, I'd like to say
about the meeting...

1648
01:23:57,773 --> 01:23:59,536
[Rogers] Excuse me, excuse me.

1649
01:23:59,538 --> 01:24:00,800
Can... can you say that
a little louder

1650
01:24:00,802 --> 01:24:02,301
where everyone can hear you?

1651
01:24:03,672 --> 01:24:05,572
[clears throat]

1652
01:24:05,574 --> 01:24:07,969
I'd like to say
about the meeting

1653
01:24:07,971 --> 01:24:10,304
you were talking about earlier.

1654
01:24:10,306 --> 01:24:12,570
The meeting was called by us,
the engineers.

1655
01:24:14,574 --> 01:24:17,702
And we tied in Marshal Space
Flight Center

1656
01:24:17,704 --> 01:24:18,802
in Huntsville, Alabama,

1657
01:24:18,804 --> 01:24:21,836
and Kennedy Space Center
in Cape Canaveral, Florida,

1658
01:24:21,838 --> 01:24:24,870
to let them know our concerns
about the colder temperatures,

1659
01:24:24,872 --> 01:24:27,572
and that our recommendation
was not to launch.

1660
01:24:27,574 --> 01:24:29,571
[clamoring]

1661
01:24:35,871 --> 01:24:37,904
If what I'm hearing is true

1662
01:24:37,906 --> 01:24:41,404
this could be in litigation
for years.

1663
01:24:41,406 --> 01:24:45,472
We initially told them
not to launch below 53 degrees.

1664
01:24:45,474 --> 01:24:47,404
We were convinced the seals
were compromised

1665
01:24:47,406 --> 01:24:50,406
the lower the temperature got.

1666
01:24:50,408 --> 01:24:53,638
We were moving away
from the direction of goodness.

1667
01:24:53,640 --> 01:24:56,238
You never changed your minds
about launching?

1668
01:24:56,240 --> 01:24:57,335
No, sir.

1669
01:24:57,337 --> 01:24:58,403
I was in Kennedy,

1670
01:24:58,405 --> 01:25:04,270
and after Adam and Bill
expressed their concerns,

1671
01:25:04,272 --> 01:25:07,839
our company in Utah
had a private caucus

1672
01:25:07,841 --> 01:25:09,305
and changed their minds.

1673
01:25:10,406 --> 01:25:11,469
[Rogers]
You work for that company?

1674
01:25:11,471 --> 01:25:12,837
Yes, sir.

1675
01:25:12,839 --> 01:25:15,637
So you had data and concerns,

1676
01:25:15,639 --> 01:25:17,670
then changed your mind
based on what?

1677
01:25:19,905 --> 01:25:21,371
You'd have to ask them in Utah,

1678
01:25:21,373 --> 01:25:23,971
I was not a part
of the private meeting

1679
01:25:23,973 --> 01:25:26,303
to reevaluate the data.

1680
01:25:26,305 --> 01:25:27,669
Were you gentlemen there
in Utah?

1681
01:25:28,572 --> 01:25:30,271
- Yes, sir.
- Yes, sir.

1682
01:25:30,273 --> 01:25:34,537
Did the reevaluation of the data
factor into proceeding to fly?

1683
01:25:34,539 --> 01:25:35,669
Yes, sir.

1684
01:25:37,471 --> 01:25:39,270
[Rogers]
Why did you decide to fly?

1685
01:25:39,272 --> 01:25:41,505
- We didn't decide to fly.
- We didn't decide to fly.

1686
01:25:41,507 --> 01:25:42,969
[Rogers] Well, someone did.

1687
01:25:42,971 --> 01:25:45,771
The gentlemen just said
that the private meeting

1688
01:25:45,773 --> 01:25:48,835
resulted in changing
the recommendation to launch.

1689
01:25:48,837 --> 01:25:51,705
And now you're saying
you did not?

1690
01:25:51,707 --> 01:25:54,304
Nelson, did their company
recommend a launch?

1691
01:25:54,306 --> 01:25:55,369
Yes, sir.

1692
01:25:56,672 --> 01:25:58,136
[Rogers]
So who changed their mind?

1693
01:26:01,940 --> 01:26:05,903
Bill and I are O-ring experts
and the recommendation

1694
01:26:05,905 --> 01:26:08,704
to launch win
against our recommendation.

1695
01:26:09,704 --> 01:26:12,936
We faxed over a lot of documents

1696
01:26:12,938 --> 01:26:16,870
and our official engineering
perspective to not launch.

1697
01:26:18,472 --> 01:26:21,235
NASA put pressure
on our leadership,

1698
01:26:21,237 --> 01:26:25,506
our boss conveyed a meeting
with everyone in Utah,

1699
01:26:25,508 --> 01:26:27,272
and they decided to launch.

1700
01:26:29,305 --> 01:26:30,571
[Rogers]
Did you change your mind?

1701
01:26:30,573 --> 01:26:32,335
No, sir. Never.

1702
01:26:32,337 --> 01:26:33,803
[Rogers] How about you?

1703
01:26:33,805 --> 01:26:35,303
No, sir.

1704
01:26:35,305 --> 01:26:36,471
[Rogers] And you?

1705
01:26:36,473 --> 01:26:39,405
No. In fact, they faxed over
a document

1706
01:26:39,407 --> 01:26:40,771
and tried to get me to sign it,

1707
01:26:40,773 --> 01:26:43,238
recommending we fly
and I refused.

1708
01:26:47,673 --> 01:26:49,537
What were your initial findings?

1709
01:26:49,539 --> 01:26:52,371
When we tested
at the lower temperatures,

1710
01:26:52,373 --> 01:26:54,769
we... we saw that it took...

1711
01:26:54,771 --> 01:26:58,301
Can you quantify how poorly
this is going for you?

1712
01:27:00,704 --> 01:27:03,538
Not as poorly as it's gonna go
for the guy

1713
01:27:03,540 --> 01:27:06,205
who throws his own company
under the bus.

1714
01:27:08,340 --> 01:27:10,571
Maybe you ought to get
a handle on that.

1715
01:27:14,674 --> 01:27:15,873
[Rogers] Mr. Nelson?

1716
01:27:15,875 --> 01:27:17,637
I'd like to see
the signed document

1717
01:27:17,639 --> 01:27:18,805
that recommends to launch.

1718
01:27:18,807 --> 01:27:21,439
Yes, sir.
I have the signed document

1719
01:27:21,441 --> 01:27:24,438
from the contracting company
that recommends to launch.

1720
01:27:26,408 --> 01:27:28,405
[somber music]

1721
01:27:52,540 --> 01:27:54,238
[lawyer] What did we all
talked about earlier?

1722
01:27:54,240 --> 01:27:56,737
If you're asked a question,
you say what?

1723
01:27:56,739 --> 01:27:58,839
- Yes, no, and what?
- [all mumbling]

1724
01:27:58,841 --> 01:28:00,639
And what did I hear?

1725
01:28:00,641 --> 01:28:02,639
[indistinct chatter]

1726
01:28:08,272 --> 01:28:11,338
[Nelson] We're the company guys,
we're going to work tomorrow.

1727
01:28:11,340 --> 01:28:12,806
I just wanted you to know,

1728
01:28:12,808 --> 01:28:16,504
what you men did in there today
was incredibly brave.

1729
01:28:16,506 --> 01:28:17,905
Thank you.

1730
01:28:17,907 --> 01:28:19,736
I hope you know
that there are laws

1731
01:28:19,738 --> 01:28:22,538
to protect you
against any retaliation

1732
01:28:22,540 --> 01:28:24,936
for what you have said
here today.

1733
01:28:24,938 --> 01:28:27,237
We'll see.

1734
01:28:27,239 --> 01:28:29,607
Is anything gonna happen
to these guys?

1735
01:28:29,609 --> 01:28:33,338
We are here to learn
and to make recommendations

1736
01:28:33,340 --> 01:28:35,870
to the President
and then he will decide.

1737
01:28:35,872 --> 01:28:38,572
[Dr. Ride]
I think the best thing to do

1738
01:28:38,574 --> 01:28:40,238
is to simply keep telling
the truth.

1739
01:28:40,909 --> 01:28:41,906
[Bill] Yes, ma'am.

1740
01:28:44,873 --> 01:28:46,871
[dramatic music]

1741
01:28:57,608 --> 01:28:59,606
[somber music]

1742
01:29:21,506 --> 01:29:22,736
I'm not hungry anymore.

1743
01:29:24,942 --> 01:29:26,273
He'll come around.

1744
01:29:29,240 --> 01:29:30,303
No, he won't.

1745
01:29:31,806 --> 01:29:33,339
- [Finch] Adam.
- [Adam] Yeah.

1746
01:29:33,341 --> 01:29:38,305
I just wanted to ask you,
um, we have no proof.

1747
01:29:38,307 --> 01:29:41,840
You don't have any money
to afford a team like this.

1748
01:29:41,842 --> 01:29:44,471
And I can already see
it's an unwinnable case.

1749
01:29:44,473 --> 01:29:46,838
So what's the real reason
you wanna do this?

1750
01:29:48,972 --> 01:29:50,704
No one was prosecuted.

1751
01:29:52,342 --> 01:29:54,538
No one lost their jobs
except for the people

1752
01:29:54,540 --> 01:29:56,371
who were trying to do
the right thing.

1753
01:29:58,241 --> 01:30:01,941
[Adam] And now, seven
of society's finest are dead.

1754
01:30:01,943 --> 01:30:03,473
And they're gonna stay dead.

1755
01:30:04,710 --> 01:30:06,371
Don't you think we need
to try something?

1756
01:30:06,373 --> 01:30:08,205
I do.

1757
01:30:08,207 --> 01:30:11,304
But it's just going to wind up
being a stunt

1758
01:30:11,306 --> 01:30:12,972
to try the case in public,

1759
01:30:12,974 --> 01:30:15,241
and give them a black eye
in the news

1760
01:30:15,243 --> 01:30:16,240
for a couple of days.

1761
01:30:18,676 --> 01:30:20,473
I can live with that.

1762
01:30:20,475 --> 01:30:23,572
You do know beating up
the bully won't bring you peace.

1763
01:30:25,308 --> 01:30:26,838
Maybe it'll bring justice.

1764
01:30:29,508 --> 01:30:31,506
Have you ever gotten
either one that way?

1765
01:30:35,409 --> 01:30:37,407
[somber music]

1766
01:30:48,441 --> 01:30:50,440
I don't care
what you have to say.

1767
01:30:58,207 --> 01:31:00,205
[somber music]

1768
01:31:31,709 --> 01:31:34,241
I am an O-ring expert.

1769
01:31:34,243 --> 01:31:35,805
I worked for the company
that built

1770
01:31:35,807 --> 01:31:37,307
the Solid Rocket Boosters

1771
01:31:37,309 --> 01:31:39,608
for the Space Shuttle
Challenger.

1772
01:31:39,610 --> 01:31:43,273
And the decision to launch
went against our recommendation.

1773
01:31:47,540 --> 01:31:49,239
But I guess you knew
that already, huh?

1774
01:31:54,340 --> 01:31:57,337
I wanna ask you, how many of you
are planning to be engineers?

1775
01:32:01,310 --> 01:32:04,472
Everyone. Okay.

1776
01:32:05,376 --> 01:32:06,373
That's great.

1777
01:32:07,877 --> 01:32:10,208
Really, that is...
that is great.

1778
01:32:13,677 --> 01:32:14,973
You know, what... what I think

1779
01:32:14,975 --> 01:32:16,541
I want to talk to you
about today

1780
01:32:16,543 --> 01:32:20,639
is about the value
of the human life.

1781
01:32:20,641 --> 01:32:24,808
[Adam] Because all of you
are gonna go on to build roads,

1782
01:32:24,810 --> 01:32:32,373
bridges, toys, cars, rockets,
homes, whatever.

1783
01:32:32,375 --> 01:32:35,572
Whatever it is, an engineer
thinks it and makes it.

1784
01:32:46,977 --> 01:32:50,440
- [Charis] Hi, dad.
- Hey, kids. Hi, girls.

1785
01:32:50,442 --> 01:32:52,840
- Hey. We'll be back later.
- Hi.

1786
01:33:18,241 --> 01:33:20,639
[breathes heavily]

1787
01:33:24,275 --> 01:33:27,606
[Adam]
But I just want you to remember

1788
01:33:27,608 --> 01:33:29,906
to see the people
on the other side

1789
01:33:29,908 --> 01:33:32,972
of whatever it is that you make.

1790
01:33:32,974 --> 01:33:35,772
And also remember
the people you made it with.

1791
01:33:36,442 --> 01:33:37,440
Yeah?

1792
01:33:54,645 --> 01:33:56,642
[somber music]

1793
01:34:35,493 --> 01:34:40,493
Subtitles by explosiveskull