2017-03-15 TOEFL: word roots, reading insertion

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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Word Roots 2 - With your partner, think of a word or two to explain each root
cert = sure
chrom = color
chron = time
circum = around
claim/clam = shout
clar = clear
cline = lean
co/col/com/con/cor = together
	The difference is a spelling rule:
	co- before vowels and in new words
	col- before ‘l’
	com- before ‘m’, ‘p’, or ‘b’
	cor- before ‘r’
	con- before other consonants
cogni = know
contra = against
corp = body
cred = believe
crypto = hide
de = down
dem/demo = people
di = two (related to “dis-” = “apart”)
dict = say
domin = master
don = give
duce/duct = lead
dyn = power/movement
dys = bad (opposite of “eu”)
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BREAK
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Reading question types:
- fact
- vocabulary
- negative fact
- purpose
- inference
- reference
- paraphrase
- sentence insertion
- summarize
- categorize/organize
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Sentence Insertion questions - Choose where in a paragraph the new sentence could best fit.
What are some clues that can help you decide where the new sentence goes?
- pronouns (especially demonstratives like “this” and “those”)
- transition signals (“However” tells you the new sentence contrasts with the previous point.)
- coherence (especially the coherence of the other ideas in the paragraph--does the new sentence break up the logical flow of the paragraph?)
- tense/sequence
- level of detail (usually general information comes first and specific examples or details come second)
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DELTA p. 123-126 introduces these questions and discusses some clues for answering them
p. 127-128 sample questions - Where should the new sentence go? Why?
p. 127 - C: “both” refers to phenomenology and existentialism
p. 128 - D: “Consequently” means it’s a consequence of something, so it goes after the sentence explaining what happens when children don’t get enough vitamin D
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p. 129-131 - Insert the sentences into the correct positions in the paragraphs, and identify why that’s the best position. (Check your answers with your partner.
1 A - “Most of them” refers to kindergarten students, and the inserted sentence introduces the idea of speaking in front of a group, which “sharing time” explains in more detail.
2 B - “However” contrasts with “they appear dry” from the previous sentence
3 C - “narrower” is in comparison with “densest” from the previous sentence
4 D - “this” refers to the “rasping, ‘sawtooth’ configuration to” the sound of an oboe; also the inserted sentence is about a double reed, which we’re told the flute doesn’t have
5 C - ‘it” means “carbonizing”, and the inserted sentence is about color
6 D
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Homework: p. 131-135 - Complete exericse 1.7.A and do 1.7.B