#include <iostream>
using std::ostream, std::cout, std::endl;

const char escape           = char( 27 );
const char ansi_prefix[3]   = {escape, '[', '\0'};

// Based on code from an example at
// <url: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/console/console-virtual-terminal-sequences>:
#ifdef _WIN32
    #include <stdint.h>
    namespace winapi {
        using BOOL      = int;
        using HANDLE    = void*;
        using DWORD     = uint32_t;
        const auto STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE                    = static_cast<DWORD>( -11 );
        const auto ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING   = static_cast<DWORD>( 4 );
        const auto INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE                 = reinterpret_cast<HANDLE>( -1 );

        extern "C" auto __stdcall GetStdHandle( const DWORD ) -> HANDLE;
        extern "C" auto __stdcall GetConsoleMode( HANDLE, DWORD* ) -> BOOL;
        extern "C" auto __stdcall SetConsoleMode( HANDLE, DWORD ) -> BOOL;

        inline auto enable_virtual_terminal_mode()
            -> bool
        {
            const HANDLE output_handle = GetStdHandle( STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE );
            if( output_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
                return false;
            }

            DWORD mode = 0;
            if( not GetConsoleMode( output_handle, &mode ) ){
                return false;
            }

            mode |= ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING;
            return !!SetConsoleMode( output_handle, mode );
        }

        inline const bool colors_are_available = enable_virtual_terminal_mode();
    }  // namespace winapi
#endif

// From the same Microsoft page:
struct Ansi_color{ enum Enum: int {
    original_colors             =   0,          // Returns to default state prior to modification.
    bold_or_bright              =   1,          // Applies brightness/intensity flag to foreground color
    underline                   =   4,          // Adds underline
    no_underline                =  24,          // Removes underline
    negative                    =   7,          // Swaps foreground and background colors
    positive                    =  27,          // Returns foreground/background to normal
    foreground_black            =  30,          // Applies non-bold/bright black to foreground
    foreground_red              =  31,          // Applies non-bold/bright red to foreground
    foreground_green            =  32,          // Applies non-bold/bright green to foreground
    foreground_yellow           =  33,          // Applies non-bold/bright yellow to foreground
    foreground_blue             =  34,          // Applies non-bold/bright blue to foreground
    foreground_magenta          =  35,          // Applies non-bold/bright magenta to foreground
    foreground_cyan             =  36,          // Applies non-bold/bright cyan to foreground
    foreground_white            =  37,          // Applies non-bold/bright white to foreground
    foreground_extended         =  38,          // Applies extended color value to the foreground (see details below)
    foreground_default          =  39,          // Applies only the foreground portion of the defaults (see 0)
    background_black            =  40,          // Applies non-bold/bright black to background
    background_red              =  41,          // Applies non-bold/bright red to background
    background_green            =  42,          // Applies non-bold/bright green to background
    background_yellow           =  43,          // Applies non-bold/bright yellow to background
    background_blue             =  44,          // Applies non-bold/bright blue to background
    background_magenta          =  45,          // Applies non-bold/bright magenta to background
    background_cyan             =  46,          // Applies non-bold/bright cyan to background
    background_white            =  47,          // Applies non-bold/bright white to background
    background_extended         =  48,          // Applies extended color value to the background (see details below)
    background_default          =  49,          // Applies only the background portion of the defaults (see 0)
    bright_foreground_black     =  90,          // Applies bold/bright black to foreground
    bright_foreground_red       =  91,          // Applies bold/bright red to foreground
    bright_foreground_green     =  92,          // Applies bold/bright green to foreground
    bright_foreground_yellow    =  93,          // Applies bold/bright yellow to foreground
    bright_foreground_blue      =  94,          // Applies bold/bright blue to foreground
    bright_foreground_magenta   =  95,          // Applies bold/bright magenta to foreground
    bright_foreground_cyan      =  96,          // Applies bold/bright cyan to foreground
    bright_foreground_white     =  97,          // Applies bold/bright white to foreground
    bright_background_black     = 100,          // Applies bold/bright black to background
    bright_background_red       = 101,          // Applies bold/bright red to background
    bright_background_green     = 102,          // Applies bold/bright green to background
    bright_background_yellow    = 103,          // Applies bold/bright yellow to background
    bright_background_blue      = 104,          // Applies bold/bright blue to background
    bright_background_magenta   = 105,          // Applies bold/bright magenta to background
    bright_background_cyan      = 106,          // Applies bold/bright cyan to background
    bright_background_white     = 107           // Applies bold/bright white to background
}; };

auto operator<<( ostream& stream, const Ansi_color::Enum code )
    -> ostream&
{ return stream << ansi_prefix << +code << 'm'; }

auto main() -> int
{
    cout << "Colored text:" << endl;
    for(    int code = Ansi_color::bright_foreground_red;
            code <= Ansi_color::bright_foreground_white;
            ++code ) {
        cout << Ansi_color::Enum( code ) << "word ";
    }
    cout << Ansi_color::original_colors << endl;
    cout << "And that was that." << endl;
}