2017-12-28 TOEFL: reading insertion

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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TOEFL Test - four sections, 30 points each (total possible 120), about 4 hours total
1 reading - 3 or 4 passages, 20 minutes to answer questions about each one
2 listening - 2 or 3 sets of three listenings, 10 minutes to choose answers for each set (about 30 minutes total for the set)
	(10-minute break)
3 speaking - 6 tasks, 45s-60s speaking for each one (5m30s total speaking time), about 20 minutes total
4 writing - 2 tasks, 20 minutes to write for integrated, 30 minutes to write for independent
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Reading Question Types:
- fact/detail
- negative fact
- vocabulary
- paraphrase/restatement
- inference
- reference/pronouns
- purpose
- sentence insertion/coherence
- summarize
- organize/categorize (chart)
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DELTA p. 124 - Coherence/Insertion questions
124-126 gives some clues to use for answering these questions
p. 125 - Are there any “Other Pronouns” that you’re unsure about?
- English has some words that are specifically for two things, and others for more than two:
many / two
all / both
any / either
none / neither
first / former
last / latter
[superlatives] / [comparatives]
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(Handout) p. 129 - Take 3 minutes to answer the three sentence insertion questions.
1 A
2 B
3 C
Take 7 minutes to finish 1.7.A, then compare your answers with your classmates.
4 D (The flute doesn’t have a reed, so the sentence about a double reed can’t be about the flute.)
5 C
6 D
7 C (This gives more detail about the relation found in one study, but in a more general way than the following sentence.)
8 A
9 D
10 B (“Both physical…” and “Both biological…” give examples of each area being interdependent of the others.)
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p. 132-133 exercise 1.7.B - Answer questions 1-3 about the first passage. (p. 133 is only in your book, not the handout)
1 C
2 A
3 C (The added sentence introduces the connection between burial objects and a person’s status, and the sentence after it gives an example of that.)
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BREAK
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Handout (Oxford) p. 76-78 - Take 15 minutes to answer all 15 reference and sentence insertion questions about the text.
1 d - This explains which “race” the US is leading the world in. (We would probably say “with” if it were the US.)
2 c - This is additional detail about spending on fast food.
3 d
4 a (It triggers brain activity similar to the brain activity of someone on hard drugs.)
5 c - The portion refers to the whole serving you get at one of these restaurants. Also notice that both choices ‘a’ and ‘b’ are things the serving has. If two answers are in some way the same, they’re both wrong.
6 b - This introduces the idea of examining a typical fast-food meal. “This heavy dosage” refers to “the heavy dosage of these substances” in the previous sentence.
7 b - Beta-endorphins are just one example of endogenous opioids, and it’s the endogenous opioids that are naturally occurring painkillers.
8 d - it’s about the specific cluster of cells, not the midbrain in general
9 b - dopamine is the thing that’s produced, and both “it” and “its” in this sentence refer to it
10 d - In every other position, it interrupts the discussion of dopamine.
11 a
12 c - “This” usually refers to something from the previous sentence, often the whole content of the sentence itself. The full contrast between both clauses is what suggests tolerance, not just one.
13 b - What they would require is fat and sugar in general, not the specific liquid used in the experiment.
14 b - These are symptoms of withdrawal, so they fit best after the sentence that mentions withdrawal.
15 d - It refers to the fact that heftier (more obese) people have fewer dopamine receptors.
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Homework: DELTA p. 133-135 - Finish exercise 1.7.B