2015-04-28 Structure: gerunds/infinitives

Greg Malivuk
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http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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p. 138 - do you like to eat at fast food restaurants?
“one” and “once” begin with a /w/ sound
shrink = get smaller
small world: when you see the same things in your home country/city that you see in a new place
“the sun never sets on ___” = there are ___ all around the world, so it’s always daytime somewhere
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p. 140 - answer the questions with your partners
part A
1 globe
2 objection
3 region
4 reliability (= dependability, with a newspaper = accuracy)
5 consequence
6 appealing
part B
1 c
2 b
3 a
4 a
5 b
6 b
overpay = pay too much
underpay = pay too little
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gerund: verb(ing), functions as a noun (can be the subject, object, possession)

- Subject: Dining on fast food has become a way of life.
- Object (of a verb): And the numbers keep growing.
- Object (of a preposition): ...point to the health consequences of eating fast foods

After prepositions: ALWAYS gerund
As the subject: USUALLY gerund
After verbs: SOMETIMES gerund
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infinitive: to + base form

- Subject: To dine on fast food is not healthy. (strange and formal)
- Object (of a verb): People don’t want to waste time.
- After nouns: It’s a high price to pay.
- After adjectives: It’s easy to see that
- After adverbs: fast food restaurants are here to stay.
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possessive + gerund: Not everyone is in favor of fast-food restaurants’ spreading...
	His smoking bothers me.
	I don’t like your singing.

object pronoun + infinitive: I want him to stop singing.
	I expect them to study more.
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p. 145 - complete the sentences with a partner
2 eating (“of” is a preposition)
3 to consider (“facts” is a noun)
4 Ordering (gerunds are more common for subjects)
5 Having - 200
6 to lose (“want” + infinitive)
7 eating (“consider” + gerund) - 275
8 to gain (“likely” is an adjective in this case) - 400
9 eating (“stop” + gerund = quit, “stop” + infinitive = stop another thing in order to do this) - 450
10 choosing (“about” is a preposition) - 200
11 to stay away (“advise” + object + infinitive) - 120
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Homework: p. 146 exercise 3 (also look at the lists 3 to 10 on pages A-2 to A-4)