2017-08-25 TOEFL: art/architecture, ind writing

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QsBT5EQt348 - Overpopulation
What are the stages of the demographic transition?
1 many births, many deaths (including at a young age) = stable population
2 many births, fewer deaths (especially at a young age) = population explosion
3 fewer births, fewer deaths = slowing population growth
4 stable population
https://ourworldindata.org/
https://www.gapminder.org/tools/
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Handout (Collins) p. 8 - With your partner, try to come up with a definition for each vocabulary word.
unique = one-of-a-kind, different from everything else (uniqueness, uniquely)
aspect = feature, element
innovative = in a new way, better than before (innovation, innovate, innovator)
vision = approach, outlook, idea
utilize = use (utilization, utility)
considerable = significant, large (from the idea that it’s important enough that you have to consider it)
impact = influence, effect
contemporary = present day OR at the same time as someone or something else (as a noun it means someone who lived and worked at the same time: “He was a contemporary of Picasso.”)
illustrate = add pictures to; to show or give an example (illustrative, illustration, illustrator)
insight = a clear understanding (insightful)
creative = good at creating things and ideas (create, creativity)
signal = show or indicate (sign)
shift = change, move
abstract = not concrete or physically realistic (abstract art is less representational)
design = outline or plan (especially of building architecture and layout)
analyze = examine in order to understand deeply (analysis, analytic)
seek to = try to
depict = show or describe (depiction)
subjective = not objective, from an individual point of view
image = picture
convey = communicate, express
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p. 9 part A and B - Choose the correct words to complete each sentence.
1 considerable, impact, contemporary
2 seeks, convey, an image
3 depict, designs
4 unique, aspect, illustrate
1 a
2 b
3 b
4 c
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p. 10 part C - use the correct form of the words to complete the sentences
1 depiction
2 illustrator
3 Creativity
4 innovations
5 analysis
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https://books.google.com/ngrams/ - Compare the frequency of different words and phrases in books.
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Test Practice part A - Answer these negative fact questions about the sentences.
1 A (This would more likely be a “not mentioned” question.)
2 C
3 D
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p. 11 - Listen to part of an art class lecture and take notes. Then answer the questions.
1 B
2 D
3 C
4 D
5 B
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Independent Writing
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“Some people believe that the best way of learning about life is by listening to the advice of family and friends. Other people believe that the best way of learning about life is through personal experience. Which do you think is preferable? Use specific reasons and examples to support your preference.”
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Brief outline:
personal experience
- stronger
- more responsible
- understand myself
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A typical response is a five-paragraph essy.
1 Introduction
2 Body 1
3 Body 2
4 Body 3
5 Conclusion
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- Introduction: explain the options you’re choosing between, state your opinion (thesis), lead-in
- Body paragraphs: state your main supporting idea, give details and examples to show that your main idea is true AND that it supports your thesis
- Conclusion: restate your thesis and summarize your reasons, wrap-up that generalizes with a prediction or recommendation
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Transition signals and connectors to use in your essay:
Intro:
Some people believe… Others think… / It is said by some that… Others believe…
In my opinion,... / I think/believe that… / In my view,... / From my perspective,...
This essay will explore three reasons for… / I have three resons for… / There are three reasons for…
	I believe this because… (better to write this after you finish your body paragraphs)
Body:
First of all, / The first reason is that / Firstly, / To begin with,
	(Second/Third/Finally/Lastly/Another/etc.)
For example, / For instance, / Another example is… / To illustrate, consider…
	(You don’t need to introduce every example with a transition signal.)
This means… / As a result (of this),… / Thus… / Therefore,...

Conclusion:
In conclusion, / To sum up, / In summary,
As a consequence of these reasons, … / Because of these reasons,... / Due to __, __, and __, I believe…
In the future,... / You should… / I would recommend…
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In your essay, be careful about pronouns, especially for generic statements that could be about anyone.
- If you start with a singular example, like “a student”, keep everything singular.
- If you start with plural, keep everything plural.
- If you use general “you”, keep everything second-person.
- If you use general “we”, keep everything first-person (plural).
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Homework: Write a response to this prompt and email it to me at [email protected]
“Happiness has different meanings for different people. Some people find happiness in their work, while others find it in personal relationships or in liesure activities. What makes you happy and why? Please give details and examples to support your response.”