2017-05-03 TOEFL: speaking 1 and 2, reading vocab

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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Homework: Write a short outline for each prompt in the rest of your handout (193-195 and 199-201)
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DELTA p. 458 - Prepare and give your response for these tasks to your partner.
p. 492 and 526 - Record your responses to questions 1 and 2 in these sample tests.
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Listen to your responses and choose the one you want us to hear and discuss.
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Your response should have the following parts:
1 Introduction: topic statement (“My favorite toy was a fire truck.”) and brief description (“It was large and metal and had little toy firefighters made from wood.”)
2 Lead-in: “It was my favorite toy for two reasons.”
3 Reason 1: “The first reason is that my father was in the fire brigade.”
4 Detail/Example: “I could pretend to be my father when he went to work and this was exciting for me.”
5 Reason 2: “The second reason is that it was big and heavy and I could crash it into things.”
6 Detail/Example: “For example, I could set up a bunch of bad guys and then run over them with the truck and save the day.”
7 Conclusion (if you have more than a couple seconds remaining)
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DELTA p. 281 describes the score levels for independent speaking.
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BREAK
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Reading: first part of the test, 3-4 passages, approximately 15 questions about each passage
Question types:
- fact
- negative fact
- vocabulary
- inference
- purpose
- reference
- paraphrase
- sentence insertion
- summary
- organize/categorize information
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Reading Vocabulary Questions:
How can you figure out the meaning of a new word in a text passage?
Different things about the context can help you:
- synonyms: Sometimes the structure of a sentence will make it clear that one of the other words is a synonym for the new word.
- contrast: Words like “but” and “in contrast” can make it clear that something else is an antonym of the new word.
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DELTA p. 49-52 describes some other specific context clues you can use for new vocabulary.
p. 56-59 exercise 1.3.A - Take 10 minutes to answer these vocabulary questions. If you finish in less than 10 minutes, try to identify which clues helped you make each choice.
1 D
2 A (You should at least be able to eliminate B and D.)
3 B (You should identify “preparing” as more or less synonymous with “compile”.)
4 A
5 A
6 B
7 A
8 D (If you don’t understand “hazarads”, you should still be able to eliminate the others because we’re talking about negative aspects of human nature.)
9 C
10 D (B is the “trick” answer, because the whole thing is about colored leaves, but the second sentence says “not colored”.)
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If two answers say or mean basically the same thing (and it’s a question where you can only choose one answer), they are both wrong.
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Handout (Cengage p. 49) - Read the paragraph and say what “cosmopolitan” means.
p. 50-51 - Read the passages and explain the highlighted words in your own words (with a synonym or definition)
1 dull; uninteresting; not glamorous
2 continuous; all the time
3 sunset (“dusk” and “dawn” are opposites)
4 basic; simple
5 weak; slight; dim
6 waste (“refuse” is an initial-stress-derived noun, meaning if the stress is on the first syllable it’s a noun, and if the stress is on the second syllable, it’s a verb)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initial-stress-derived_noun
7 move around freely
8 replaced someone else in that position
9 course of studies
10 optional
11 focused on; emphasized the importance of
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Homework: 52-56 on the handout (two more passages where you write your own definitions, and one passage with multiple-choice questions)