On vaccines (reupload #4 because pastebin jews are seething)

{TL;DR}
Q: Should I take any of the current vaccines against SARS-CoV-2/SARS-2/chinese CCP Coronavirus/Wuhan Plague/Kung Flu/COVID-19?
A: Only if you feel like being a guinea pig.


{Not TL;DR}

REMINDER
>Pharmaceutical corporations given vaccine liability exemptions from governments
https://archive.vn/21ORQ
https://archive.vn/zxgzM
https://archive.vn/qzPfO
https://archive.vn/WJ4gK
https://archive.vn/eM6Pv


[Actual vaccine efficacy based on data from samples with proper size?]
Unknown

>the final vaccine efficacy percentage may vary
https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-announce-vaccine-candidate-against


[Adverse effects?]

Some of the reported (including the ones where, supposedly, placebo or anything else were "reported" to be the cause):

Four trial volunteers who got Pfizer's SARS-CoV-2 vaccine developed Bell's palsy - but FDA denies that the temporary facial paralysis was caused by the shot
https://archive.vn/COsU0

Priest Dies After Participating In Moderna COVID Vaccine Trial
https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/philadelphia-priest-dies-after-participating-moderna-covid-vaccine-trial

AstraZeneca SARS-2 vaccine trial volunteer has died
https://archive.vn/UyfKD

[OCT 13 2020] Johnson & Johnson’s coronavirus vaccine trial is paused after ‘adverse event’ in a participant
>“We must respect this participant’s privacy,” the company said in a statement late Monday. “We’re also learning more about this participant’s illness, and it’s important to have all the facts before we share additional information.”
https://archive.vn/dk2ew

>Moderna
Mild fever after taking the first shot of the mRNA-1273 vaccine. "Full-on COVID-like symptoms".
There were other participants who also experienced similar side-effects

>Pfizer
Mild side effects after getting the first shot of the vaccine, while some reported side-effects after taking the second jab

>AstraZeneca [BTW they accidentally made the dosaging smaller]
At least 2 participants experienced transverse myelitis, which is an inflammatory syndrome that affects the spinal cord.

>Johnson & Johnson
Unexplained illness injection.
https://archive.vn/ZaDka

Side effects of the Moderna and Pfizer SARS-CoV-2 vaccines
>Neither company reported side effects that affected less than 2% of participants in their press releases but more detailed data will be released.

>Pfizer reported 3.8% of the recipients felt fatigue and 2% experienced headache, based on preliminary data from its Phase 3 trial. These symptoms are classified as Grade 3 or “severe” adverse events because they can interfere with daily activity.

>Moderna reported more Grade 3 side effects. There was fatigue in 9.7% of recipients, muscle pain in 8.9%, joint pain in 5.2%, headache in 4.5%, pain in 4.1%, and redness at the injection site in 2%.
https://archive.vn/kBTQh


[Will I still be spreading the virus after being inoculated?]
Pretty possible

Moderna chief medical officer: Vaccinated adults could still infect the unvaccinated
https://archive.vn/tQFFk

UK: Coronavirus vaccine won't free you from self-isolation, says Government
>The jabs provide Covid-19 immunity but scientists are yet to prove this prevents recipients from carrying and spreading the virus.
https://archive.is/pxC2o


[For how long does the immunity from vaccines last?]
~6 months for humoral/antibody immunity, like from being infected naturally

>The Pfizer vaccine is thought to offer up to six months of immunity to Covid-19
https://archive.vn/AzoxQ

>Images have now been shared of a card patients will receive to prove they have received the jab - which has proved to be effective in 95 per cent of cases and offers up to six months of immunity
https://archive.vn/AzoxQ

Vaccines (or being naturally infected) should still provide cellular immunity (lower limit for how long exactly - unknown, presumably at least around 17 years, as in SARS-CoV-1 survivors T cell immunity lasted for this long)
>patients who recovered from SARS have T cells that are specific to epitopes within different SARS-CoV proteins that persist for 11 years after infection11. Here, we collected PBMCs 17 years after SARS-CoV infection and tested whether they still contained cells that were reactive against SARS-CoV and whether these had cross-reactive potential against SARS-CoV-2 peptides. PBMCs from individuals who had resolved a SARS-CoV infection (n = 15) were stimulated directly ex vivo with peptide pools that covered the N protein of SARS-CoV (N-1 and N-2), NSP7 and NSP13 (Fig. 3a). This revealed that 17 years after infection, IFNγ responses to SARS-CoV peptides were still present and were almost exclusively focused on the N protein rather than the NSP peptide pools
https://archive.vn/tXcUQ

Although in effectiveness of cellular immunity against T-cell resistant mutations of SARS-CoV-2 is unknown

>D614G strain with a I472V mutation on it that is also fast growing in the US and Europe. Not only antibody resistant but also more infectious, and there are are now studies underway that might indicate that it's also T-cell resistant
thailandmedical.news/news/covid-19-latest-more-antibody-resistant-sars-cov-2-mutated-strains-emerging-and-increasing-in-circulation


[Is vaccines' efficacy affected by virus mutating?]
Why, yes

>As reinfection occurs with other strains, this is especially bad news for vaccine development as it means there won't be any protection from reinfection provided for other strains by the antibodies created on the original virus vaccine
https://archive.vn/V89m4

The Potential for SARS-CoV-2 to Evade Both Natural and Vaccine-induced Immunity
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.12.13.422567v1

Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycosylation reveals shedding of a vaccine candidate
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.16.384594v1

>COVID-19 virulence may be more severe in Europe and North America due to coinfection with different SARS-CoV-2 strains leading to genomic recombination which might be challenging for current treatment regimens and vaccine development
https://archive.vn/vBTo3

SARS-CoV-2 will evolve quickly to evade widely deployed spike RBD-targeting monoclonal antibodies, requiring combinations with at least three antibodies to suppress viral immune evasion
https://archive.vn/X4tL8

>D614G strain with a I472V mutation on it that is also fast growing in the US and Europe. Not only antibody resistant but also more infectious, and there are are now studies underway that might indicate that it's also T-cell resistant
thailandmedical.news/news/covid-19-latest-more-antibody-resistant-sars-cov-2-mutated-strains-emerging-and-increasing-in-circulation


[Enhanced Respiratory Disease (ERD)? Antibody-Dependent Enhancement (ADE)? ]
ERD
>ERD describes severe clinical presentations of respiratory viral infections associated with medical interventions (especially vaccines). Similar clinical presentations can occur as a result of natural infections, and so ERD is detected during preclinical and clinical trials by comparing the distribution of disease severities between the intervention and placebo study arms. ERD can be associated with a broad range of molecular mechanisms, including FcR-dependent antibody activity and complement activation (that is, ADE), but also to other antibody-independent mechanisms such as tissue cell death, cytokine release and/or local immune cell activation.

ADE
>ADE can be broadly categorized into two different types based on the molecular mechanisms involved:
>ADE via enhanced infection. Higher infection rates of target cells occur in an antibody-dependent manner mediated by Fc–FcR interactions. ADE via enhanced infection is commonly measured using in vitro assays detecting the antibody-dependent infection of cells expressing FcγRIIa, such as monocytes and macrophages. The link between in vitro ADE assay results and clinical relevance is often implied, rather than directly observed. Dengue virus represents the best documented example of clinical ADE via enhanced infection.
>ADE via enhanced immune activation. Enhanced disease and immunopathology are caused by excessive Fc-mediated effector functions and immune complex formation in an antibody-dependent manner. The antibodies associated with enhanced disease are often non-neutralizing. ADE of this type is usually examined in vivo by detecting exacerbated disease symptoms, including immunopathology and inflammatory markers, and is most clearly associated with respiratory viral infections. RSV and measles are well-documented examples of ADE caused by enhanced immune activation.

>ERD and ADE (of the second type described above) are often identified by clinical data, including symptom prevalence and disease severity, rather than by the specific molecular mechanisms that drive severe disease. The presence of complex feedback loops between different arms of the immune system makes it very difficult (although not impossible) to conclusively determine molecular mechanisms of ADE and ERD in human and animal studies, even if the clinical data supporting ADE and ERD are quite clear. Many different measurements and assays are used to track ADE and ERD, which can vary based on the specific virus, preclinical and/or clinical protocols, biological samples collected and in vitro techniques used.
>Respiratory ADE is a specific subset of ERD.
https://archive.vn/vvfrv
https://archive.vn/cWgbw
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7569100/

Vaccine researchers, for some reason, don't want to conduct trials/studies or don't want to release detailed data on this and on how it would affect the health of humans who took the vaccine, so there's that.
Also

Antibody-dependent enhancement and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and therapies
https://archive.vn/vvfrv
>Evidence of ADE in coronavirus infections in vitro
>Findings to date argue against macrophages as productive hosts of SARS-CoV-2 infection
>argue against
*
Monocytes and macrophages, targets of SARS-CoV-2: the clue for SARS-2 immunoparalysis
>SARS-CoV-2 efficiently infects monocytes and macrophages without any cytopathic effect
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.09.17.300996v1
*
>“our data show that the presence of an intrauterine bacterial infection results in the infiltration of ACE2 expressing maternal macrophage and neutrophils into and across the placental tissues.These ACE2 expressing immune cells have the potential to transport the virus to the placenta in cases of COVID-19 infection in pregnancy and increase the risk of placental infection and vertical transmission of the virus to the fetus.
https://archive.vn/rODrd
*
>monocytes and macrophages can either be infected by, or phagocytize, SARS-CoV-2
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.07.17.209304v1.full.pdf

[Any detailed, sourced info?]

Rundown on the mRNA vaccines in general
https://archive.vn/975Rq

And some detailed info on mRNA vaccines can be found in papers, like in Moderna's mRNA vaccine paper:
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2622-0.pdf
http://www.freezepage.com/1607356966HPDTGYDFUN


tl;dr of the Oxford's ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) vaccine
https://www.thelancet.com/lancet/article/s0140-6736(20)32661-1
1) no info if it can prevent asymptomatic transmission
2) 62% efficacy
3) no data for >55 year olds
4) is not clear what should be the correct dosage; the Low Dosage/Standard Dosage has better umbers than SD/SD for some unknown reason
5) it looks like it can avoid severe cases, but then again VERY SMALL SAMPLE SIZE
6) one of the brazilian patients died murdered


Human adenovirus-vectored vaccines may be of limited use in the long term, as the human body develops immunity against the adenovirus
>the presence of preexisting Ad immunity and the rapid development of Ad vector immunity still pose significant challenges to the clinical use of these vectors. Innate inflammatory response following Ad vector administration may lead to systemic toxicity, drastically limit vector transduction efficiency and significantly abbreviate the duration of transgene expression
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)32156-5/fulltext




Pfizer's coronavirus vaccine should be "safe" for most Americans, but 5 groups may want to wait for more data before getting shots
>1.Children under 16
>2.Pregnant people (do they mean pregnant women?)
>3.People who are HIV-positive and others with weakened immune systems must be particularly careful
>4.People with severe allergies to the vaccine's ingredients must hold off
>5.People who previously had COVID-19 are in a gray area
https://archive.vn/RvXx8
>5.People who previously had COVID-19 are in a gray area
In Summer there was an estimate that, compared to official stats, 10x more Americans have been infected
https://archive.vn/xBKnO


[]

If you want to be vaccinated with something with known risks, efficacy and safety, then consider getting a BCG jab instead

BCG vaccination confers protection from SARS-2 via cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses
https://archive.vn/6umvh
https://www.news-medical.net/?tag=/BCG-Vaccine

BCG vaccine demonstrates effectiveness after 40 years
https://archive.vn/V1YVf

Reactions to the BCG vaccine are uncommon and generally mild.
>The most common side effects include fever, headache and swollen glands.
>More serious complications, such as abscesses or bone inflammation, are rare.
>Most children develop a sore at the injection site. Once healed, the sore may leave a small scar. This is normal and nothing to worry about.
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaccinations/bcg-tb-vaccine-side-effects/

BCG revaccination boosts adaptive polyfunctional Th1/Th17 and innate effectors in IGRA+ and IGRA– adults
https://archive.vn/g8FHo

No cross-reactivity from BCG-induced antibodies with SARS-CoV-2, thus no chance of ADE effect from it:

Common childhood vaccines do not elicit a cross-reactive antibody response against SARS-CoV-2
>we tested whether BCG, Pneumococcal, Rotavirus, Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis, Hepatitis B, Haemophilus influenzae, Hepatitis B, Meningococcal, Measles, Mumps, and Rubella vaccines provide cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in BALB/c mice. Results indicated that none of these vaccines provided antibodies capable of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 up to seven weeks post vaccination. We conclude that if such vaccines have any role in COVID-19 immunity, this role is not antibody-mediated.
https://archive.vn/d2vB3

Good job on reading it all.