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10/12/2016

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BENCHMARK TEST - YUFUYOPOYU

Benchmark Test ­ YUFUYOPOYU

YOU 63%
Jonathan Patterson

SCHOOL
CLASS AVG

73%
67%

Scores by Standard | View By Indicator
Founding Of The United States

Total Score

63% (38/60)

Correlation Score ?

65

Date Completed

10/12/2016 10:30AM EDT

Activity

Benchmark Test

Test

U.S. History & the Constitution

53%

17/32

Expansion And The Antebellum Era

80%

16/20

Civil War And Reconstruction

63%

5/8

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1)

Correct
The Trail of Tears saw many Native Americans (Creek, Cherokee, Chickasaw, and many others) forcibly removed from their homeland in Georgia,
North Carolina, Tennessee, and Alabama and placed on reservations in Oklahoma. That is what this map is showing. The Transcontinental Railroad
would start in Missouri and head to California.

1)

The red path on the map from Tennessee to Oklahoma is most likely showing what aspect of American history?
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A)

The Erie Canal

B)

The Trail of Tears

C)

Transcontinental Railroad

D)

'Sherman's March' during the Civil War

Expansion and the Antebellum Era
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(USHC-2.1) Nationalism And Jacksonian Democracy
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2)

Incorrect
The XYZ Affair occurred during the administration of John Adams. It led to near formal war with France. French Foreign Minister Talleyrand's
refusal to meet American ambassadors without paying a bribe led to probably the lowest point in US-French relations in history.

2)

The XYZ Affair (1797) led to near formal war with

A)

Canada.

B)

England.

C)

France.

D)

Germany.

Founding of the United States
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(USHC-1.6) Foundation Of The Two Parties
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3)

Incorrect
The Virginia Plan would have granted more power to states with large population. It was the New Jersey plan which would have given
increased power to states with smaller populations.

3)

The Virginia Plan would have granted more power to

A)

industrial states.

B)

agricultural states.

C)

states with small population.

D)

states with large population.

Founding of the United States
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(USHC-1.4) The Articles Of Confederation

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Hide

4)

Incorrect
One reason why the Constitution was adopted over the Articles of Confederation was that Shay’s Rebellion revealed the weaknesses of
the Articles of Confederation. The new government would have greater national power to deal with such disturbances.

4)

One reason why the Constitution was adopted over the Articles of Confederation was

A)

the Articles gave too much power to the national government.

B)

the states were not free to trade among themselves under the Articles.

C)

small states were underrepresented under the Articles of Confederation.

D)

Shay's Rebellion revealed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.

Founding of the United States
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(USHC-1.4) The Articles Of Confederation
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5)

Correct
The original purpose of the convention on Philadelphia in 1787 was to revise the Articles of Confederation. Because of this, they kept all
proceedings private: if their actions had been known they could have been tried for overthrowing the government (which they were doing, albeit
kindly and peacefully).

5)

Congress called for a convention to be held in Philadelphia in 1787 in order to

A)

declare independence from England.

B)

revise the Articles of Confederation.

C)

establish a new Constitution for the United States.

D)

direct the Revolutionary War effort against England.

Founding of the United States
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(USHC-1.4) The Articles Of Confederation
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6)

Incorrect
The branch of government responsible for interpreting the laws is the judicial. Federal courts are asked to review many laws by people who feel
they have been wronged by a particular law. Contrary to perception, federal courts (including the Supreme Court) can only do this when a case has
been filed by an individual or a group of individuals; courts cannot actively seek out laws to challenge.

6)

Which branch of the federal government is responsible for interpreting the laws of the United States?

A)

Executive

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B)

Judicial

C)

Legislative

D)

Treasury

Founding of the United States
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(USHC-1.5) The U.S. Constitution
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7)

Incorrect
A government principle by which the legislative, judicial, and executive powers are essentially held by different groups and people is called
separation of powers. This is woven into the Constitution and is meant to prevent one branch from getting too much power. Checks and
balances refers to the power each branch has over the other two, not the same as a separation of powers.

7)

A government principle by which the legislative, judicial, and executive powers are essentially held by different groups and people
is called

A)

reserved powers.

B)

expressed powers.

C)

checks and balances.

D)

separation of powers.

Founding of the United States
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(USHC-1.5) The U.S. Constitution
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8)

Correct
The Louisiana Purchase almost doubled the area of the US and gave it control of the Mississippi River. It had nothing to do with
foreign policy involving the British, the Spanish, or the French.

8)

The Louisiana Purchase of 1803

A)

was a major cause of the Spanish-American War.

B)

pushed the Spanish below the Rio Grande in North America.

C)

resulted in increased conflict between the U.S. and France.

D)

almost doubled the area of the U.S. and gave it control of the Mississippi
River.

Expansion and the Antebellum Era
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Question Feedback

(USHC-2.1) Nationalism And Jacksonian Democracy

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9)

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Correct
This image reflects the American spirit during Westward expansion. During that time, railroad expansion caused an increase in population in
the west and the eventual near-distinction of the buffalo.

9)

This image reflects the American spirit during

A)

the Civil War.

B)

the Railroad Wars.

C)

the Prohibition era.

D)

the era of Westward expansion.

Expansion and the Antebellum Era
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(USHC-2.1) Nationalism And Jacksonian Democracy
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10)

Correct
The creation of the spoils system is associated with the presidency of Andrew Jackson. This refers to the practice of only hiring for
governmental jobs those who are politically loyal to the person in power. Jackson did not address the slavery issue and he opened up voting to
more Americans. The Federalist Party was long since stone dead.

10)

Which of these is associated with the presidency of Andrew Jackson?

A)

the abolition of slavery

B)

a restriction of voting rights

C)

the creation of the Spoils System

D)

voting rights for women and African-Americans

Expansion and the Antebellum Era
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11)

Question Feedback

(USHC-2.1) Nationalism And Jacksonian Democracy
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Correct
A belief in the natural rights of citizens was one of the major philosophies expressed in the Declaration of Independence. The Declaration
was, in actuality, a "break up letter," with the colonists telling the King why they did not want to live under his rule anymore. No mention was made
of their plans for a new government or economic system.

11)

Which of these was a major philosophy expressed in the Declaration of Independence?

A)

support for states' rights and slavery

B)

a belief in the natural rights of citizens

C)

the need for a federal system of government

D)

a belief in the benefits of a laissez-faire economy

Founding of the United States
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(USHC-1.3) The American Revolution
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12)

Correct
The very reason the Articles of Confederation were made with a weak federal government was because the framers of it feared a strong central
government. This enabled to states to have so much authority that the safety of the country was put at risk.

12)

The Articles of Confederation represented the Americans' distrust of

A)

the British.

B)

states rights.

C)

any governing authority.

D)

a strong central government.

Founding of the United States
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(USHC-1.4) The Articles Of Confederation
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13)

Correct
The thought of a democracy was not the primary motivation for those who began the Revolution. They yearned to regain the rights they felt
the British had been denying them , and they hoped to start a new government based mainly on the British style of government, but with a
few obvious changes.

13)

The primary goal of the people who began the American Revolution was

A)

to establish a new economic elite in North America.

B)

to establish the world’s first democratic government.

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C)

to achieve the rights they felt the British had been denying them.

D)

to make legally binding the concepts of equality and liberty for all in the
colonies.

Founding of the United States
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(USHC-1.3) The American Revolution

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14)

Incorrect
All of these people were major figures in the abolition movement. Douglass and Truth were both former slaves who spoke of the evil's of slavery.
Garrison was a journalist who founded the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator.

14)
· Frederick Douglass
· William Lloyd Garrison
· Sojourner Truth

All of these were prominent names were figures in WHICH social movement?

A)

abolition

B)

prohibition

C)

states rights

D)

prison reform

Expansion and the Antebellum Era
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(USHC-2.4) Sectionalism: Culture & Society
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15)

Incorrect
The Kansas­Nebraska Act gave territories the right to decide on slavery. This was another failed attempt to address the issue of slavery.

15)

This law, which allowed territories to decide the fate of slavery based on popular sovereignty, unintentionally had the effect of
increasing tensions between pro-slavery and antislavery forces as they rushed west and had violent clashes over control of territory. It
was the

A)

Compromise of 1850.

B)

Fugitive Slave Act.

C)

Kansas-Nebraska Act.

D)

Northwest Ordinance.

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Civil War and Reconstruction
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(USHC-3.1) Causes Of The Civil War

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16)

Incorrect
The House and the Senate each have members represent geographical areas. Their length of term varies (2 as opposed to 6 years), members
varies (435 to 100), and their committees (22 to 16).

16)

House Senate Table
House
435 Members

Senate
100 Members

Members organized into 22 permanent committes Members organized into 16 permanent committes
All members elected every 2 years

1/3 of members elected every 2 years

Headed by Speaker

Headed by Vice President

Elected from districts in States

Elected from entire States

According to the chart, how are the House and Senate similar?

A)

number of members

B)

number of committees

C)

length of term of members

D)

members represent geographical areas

Founding of the United States
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(USHC-1.5) The U.S. Constitution
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17)

Incorrect
In the Declaration of Independence these "unalienable rights" are specifically mentioned.
Specifically, The Declaration of Independence states "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed
by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness."

17)

Both John Locke and Thomas Jefferson wrote about the natural rights of man. In what document are these "unalienable rights"
specifically mentioned?

A)

the Bill of Rights

B)

the Mayflower Compact

C)

the Preamble to the Constitution

D)

the Declaration of Independence

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Founding of the United States
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(USHC-1.3) The American Revolution
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18)

Correct
The correct answer is "the tradition of only serving two terms." This unofficial term limit would last until 1940, when Franklin Delano
Roosevelt would run for a third term. He won and won again 4 years later. In 1951, the 22nd Amendment was passed, officially limiting the a
person to serving two terms as President. Also, remember that Washington originated the precedent of the President being addressed as "Mr.
President."

18)

Which of the these was a precedent set by the first President of the United States, George Washington?

A)

the popular election of the President

B)

the tradition of only serving two terms

C)

naming nine Justices to the Supreme Court

D)

addressing the Chief Executive as as "Your Highness"

Founding of the United States
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(USHC-1.6) Foundation Of The Two Parties
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19)

Correct
In the case of Marbury v. Madison the Supreme Court ruled that it had the power to declare a law unconstitutional. Most scholars agree
that this is the most crucial power of the Supreme Court. Without it, the Supreme Court is virtually insignificant.

19)

Probably the most important Supreme Court decision was ______ in which the court ruled ______.

Stats

A)

McCulloch v. Maryland : the power to tax is the power to destroy

B)

Marbury v. Madison : that it had the power to declare a law
unconstitutional

C)

Scott v Sandford : slaves are still slaves even when taken into free
territories

D)

Fletcher v. Peck : that the national government has the right to regulate
interstate commerce

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Founding of the United States
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20)

Incorrect
The correct answer is judicial review. It stated that the Supreme Court had the right to determine which laws were in accordance with the
Constitution. "Checks and balances" is incorrect because it implies ALL checks and balance, and judicial review is but ONE.

20)

The Supreme Court case of Marbury v. Madison (1803) established the principle of

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A)

the federal control of interstate commerce.

B)

supremacy of the national government.

C)

checks and balances.

D)

judicial review.

Founding of the United States
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(USHC-1.7) Early Supreme Court Rulings
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21)

Correct
President Monroe's doctrine was issued to discourage European expansion South America, especially after the independence movements in the
early 19th century.

21)

This cartoon refers to the Monroe Doctrine issued in 1823. The Monroe Doctrine was intended to prevent European expansion in

A)

China.

B)

north Africa.

C)

South America.

D)

southeast Asia.

Expansion and the Antebellum Era
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22)

(USHC-2.2) Monroe Doctrine & Manifest Destiny
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Incorrect
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The social contract theory is an Enlightenment ideal that has been incorporated into the US government. Free elections of the citizenry ensure
that the “social contract” between the people and their government is consistently upheld.

22)

The political theory that people form governments for their mutual protection and that government rules only with the consent of
those people is known as

A)

communism.

B)

socialism.

C)

divine right theory.

D)

social contract theory.

Founding of the United States
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(USHC-1.2) Foundations Of Representative Government
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23)

Correct
Made by the “pilgrims” who had fled England for religious freedom, the Mayflower Compact was a necessity because the ship (The Mayflower)
had landed far off course, rendering the original rules void.

23)

Which of these was the FIRST example of a written agreement for colonial self-government in the British colonies in North
America?

A)

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

B)

The Iroquois Confederacy

C)

Albany Plan of Union

D)

Mayflower Compact

Founding of the United States
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(USHC-1.1) Colonial Characteristics
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24)

Incorrect
The Articles of Confederation was the first government in the United States. It failed to be strong enough to establish a strong, federal
government, so it was scrapped and replaced by the Constitution we still use today. While the Mayflower Compact was the first instance of
European-styled self government in North America, it predates the United States by over 150 years.

24)

The first government of the United States was the

A)

Constitution.

B)

Mayflower Compact.

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C)

Articles of Confederation.

D)

Declaration of Independence.

Founding of the United States
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(USHC-1.4) The Articles Of Confederation
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25)

Correct
The “Rule of Law” is an underpinning of U.S. law, and holds that all people, including those in the government, must obey the law. This
can be seen in the Constitution’s power of impeachment of federal officials.

25)

The “Rule of Law” states that

A)

there should be no barriers to the right to vote.

B)

a just government derives its power from the governed.

C)

all people, including those who govern, must obey the law.

D)

a country’s citizens are the source of the government's power.

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(USHC-1.2) Foundations Of Representative Government
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26)

Correct
While they did have decidedly anti-slavery opinions, Mott and Stanton were key figures in the women’s suffrage movement.. The Seneca Falls
Convention was meant to unify the women’s movement, and though this was successful it would take roughly another seventy years to accomplish
their ultimate goal of women’s suffrage.

26)

Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton organized a national meeting at Seneca Falls in 1848. The primary purpose of this
convention was to organize the

A)

abolition movement.

B)

temperance movement.

C)

women's suffrage movement.

D)

Native American assistance movement.

Expansion and the Antebellum Era
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27)

Question Feedback

(USHC-2.4) Sectionalism: Culture & Society
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Incorrect
The first political parties in the United States grew out of the differences that arose over political and economic issues. Those who were
more affluent wanted less government power, while those who had less wealth preferred a government that might protect their rights.

27)

Political parties appeared in the United States shortly after the Constitution was adopted because

A)

Washington disliked Jefferson.

B)

Great Britain had a two-party system.

C)

the Constitution provides for a two-party system.

D)

differences arose over political and economic issues.

Founding of the United States
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(USHC-1.6) Foundation Of The Two Parties
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28)

Correct
A controversial issue in the early years of the United States the national bank (The First National Bank of the United States), politicians squabbled
about whether or not the Constitution gives the national government the power to establish the bank. In particular, Southern
states eyed the merchants who supported the bank with suspicion.

28)

Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson disagreed over the proposed “National Bank” based on which issue?

A)

which executive department would be responsible for running it

B)

the wisdom of staffing such an institution with immigrants from Britain

C)

how much in additional taxes would be levied on citizens of the United
States

D)

whether or not the Constitution gives the national government the power
to establish the bank

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(USHC-1.6) Foundation Of The Two Parties
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29)

Correct
The fact that colonists and Britain were geographically separated by a great distance helped to create a different culture in the
American colonies. This is sometimes called the "therapy of distance" because colonists were forced to create a new life on their own because help
and influence from England would take a long time to reach them.

29)

Which statement BEST describes the reason why the American colonies developed a separate culture from Great Britain during the
era of colonization?

A)

Americans spoke a different language than the British

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B)

the British practiced a different religion than the Americans

C)

colonists and Britain were geographically separated by a great distance

D)

colonists increasingly allied themselves with Native Americans against
England

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(USHC-1.1) Colonial Characteristics
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30)

Correct
The event MOST LIKELY occurring after the 1860 presidential election of Lincoln was the succession of South Carolina from the Union. On
December 20, South Carolina announced, "that the Union now subsisting between South Carolina and other states under the name of the 'United
States of America' is hereby dissolved."

30)

The event MOST LIKELY occurring due to the 1860 presidential election of Lincoln was

A)

the beginning of Reconstruction.

B)

the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

C)

the John Brown-led raid at Harper's Ferry.

D)

the secession of South Carolina from the Union.

Civil War and Reconstruction
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(USHC-3.1) Causes Of The Civil War
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31)

Correct
The areas in red are the Confederate States of America, so they would NOT have voted for Abraham Lincoln for President of the United
States in 1860. In fact, he did not even appear on the ballot in many southern states.

31)

In 1860, the southern states highlighted in red would have been LEAST likely to

A)

use forced labor in its agricultural production.

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B)

vote for Abraham Lincoln for President of the United States.

C)

push for expansion of slavery in western states and territories.

D)

support the notion of "popular sovereignty" in the debate over slavery.

Civil War and Reconstruction
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(USHC-3.1) Causes Of The Civil War

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32)

Incorrect
The differences in the economic development of the mid-Atlantic, New England, and Southern colonies can BEST be attributed to the geographic
conditions there. Not only were different crops grown in the regions, the coastlines varied greatly, allowing shipping to be a major business in
New England.

32)

The differences in the economic development of the mid-Atlantic, New England, and Southern colonies can BEST be attributed to
the

A)

customs of the immigrants.

B)

geographic conditions there.

C)

level of the education of their citizens.

D)

differences in their colonial governments.

Founding of the United States
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(USHC-1.1) Colonial Characteristics

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33)

Incorrect
In attempting to balance the worries- and numbers- of free and slave states, Congress created the Compromise of 1850. They hoped to address
issues that that previous Presidents and Congresses had been unable to solve. Mission NOT accomplished....

33)
·California was entered as a free state.
·New Mexico and Utah were to use popular sovereignty to decide the issue of slavery.
·The slave trade was abolished in the District of Columbia.
·A tough Fugitive Slave Act was enacted by the Federal Government.

All of these items are describing the

A)

Great Compromise.

B)

Compromise of 1850.

C)

Missouri Compromise.

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D)

Emancipation Compromise.

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34)

Correct
During the Antebellum period, many people who professed to being religious used their faith to justify the existence of slavery. However,
many of the early abolition movements were begun by churches in the northern portions of the United States.

34)

During the Antebellum period, religion was used by many Americans to

A)

justify the existence of slavery.

B)

unify all churches against slavery.

C)

allow slaves to become ordained ministers.

D)

inspire slaves to spread Christianity in Africa.

Expansion and the Antebellum Era
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(USHC-2.4) Sectionalism: Culture & Society
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35)

Correct
The Anti-Federalists believed the people's liberties needed protection from the government. Their pressure and threats to block
ratification of the Constitution led the Federalists to agree to add a "Bill of Rights" to the Constitution if it were to be ratified.

35)

Why did the Anti-Federalists push for the addition of a Bill of Rights to the United States Constitution?

A)

there was a precedent set for doing so in Great Britain's Constitution

B)

they believed the government needed protection from possible uprisings

C)

they believed the people's liberties needed protection from the
government

D)

there was already a requirement to do so, but the Federalists were ignoring
it

Founding of the United States
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36)

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(USHC-1.5) The U.S. Constitution
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Correct
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo(1848) ended the Mexican-American War. The treaty resulted in the United States getting rights to most of
New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, Utah, Nevada, and California.

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36)

Which treaty ended the United States' war with Mexico in 1848?

A)

Treaty of Paris

B)

Treaty of Vera Cruz

C)

Treaty of Versailles

D)

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

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37)

Correct
Power is divided among legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Each branch is able to check the power of the other two branches.
For example, the legislative branch can override a presidential veto.

37)

Which statement BEST describes the government outlined in the United States Constitution?

A)

The president is given unlimited power.

B)

National power is guaranteed by Article Four.

C)

The power of a one-house Congress is provided by a bill of rights.

D)

Power is divided among legislative, executive, and judicial branches.

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38)

Correct
The victory of Abraham Lincoln in the Election of 1860 caused South Carolina to secede from the Union. Most in government felt that the
Federal government under Lincoln would move to restrict, if not ban, slavery in the United States.

38)

Which event led directly to South Carolina's secession from the United States?

A)

the firing upon Ft. Sumter in Charleston

B)

the cession of North Carolina from the Union

C)

the victory of Abraham Lincoln in the Election of 1860

D)

the Confederate victory at the First Battle of Bull Run

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39)

Correct
Americans did not elect representatives to Parliament as people who lived in Great Britain did is the correct answer. Colonists
argued that, since they had no representation in Parliament, Parliament did not have the right to tax them. This was a motivating issue when future
governing documents were drafted in what would become the United States.

39)

Why did American colonists resent British taxes?

A)

American colonists were unhappy that the high taxes were keeping the
nobility in luxury.

B)

Unlike American colonists, people who lived in Great Britain did not have to
pay any duties .

C)

Americans did not elect representatives to Parliament as people who lived
in Great Britain did.

D)

Great Britain did not offer the American colonists any protection from the
French and the Indians.

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40)

Incorrect
Manifest Destiny was the driving idea behind the push to settle all of what is now the continental United States. The term, coined by John
O'Sullivan in 1939, represented the belief that God had preordained the U.S. to settle the whole continent and spread its influence and culture
there.

40)

The main idea behind the settling of western lands by Americans in the early-1800s was known as

A)

Women's Suffrage.

B)

Manifest Destiny.

C)

the Industrial Age.

D)

the Abolition Movement

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41)

Incorrect
The U.S.'s quest to achieve its "Manifest Destiny" was plagued by the reality of whether or not slavery would spread across the United
States. This issue had torn at the country since 1776 and would not be settled until the Civil War in the 1860s.

41)

Which of these was the largest and most constant issue facing the United States during the era of "Manifest Destiny?"

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A)

whether labor unions would be allowed to form

B)

whether states would allow women the right to vote

C)

whether Indians would be relocated to North Carolina

D)

whether slavery would spread across the United States

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42)

Incorrect
This painting is a graphic representation of the philosophy of Manifest Destiny. The belief that the American people were preordained by God to
spread civilization across North America is represented by "Columbia" taking literacy (the book) and communication (the telegraph wire) into the
frontier. Behind her are great cities and railroads, while in front of her open spaces and Native Americans on horseback.

42)

American Progress, John Gast, 1872

This painting BEST relates what social philosophy?

A)

Gilded Age

B)

Great Awakening

C)

Manifest Destiny

D)

Women's Suffrage

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43)

Correct
Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) had a direct impact on the lives of slaves. Scott, a slave, filed suit claiming that since he had been moved to a free
state he should be no longer be a slave. The Supreme Court ruled that he was wrong, and that slaves could not file suit because they were not
citizens.

43)

Which Supreme Court case would have had the BIGGEST impact on slaves in the United States?

A)

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

B)

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

C)

McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

D)

Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)

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44)

Correct
The roots of the abolition movement in the United States can be traced back to when the Quakers published the 1688 Germantown Quaker
Petition Against Slavery. This essay eventually helped lead to the banning of slavery in Pennsylvania.

44)

Which religious group is credited with being the first American abolitionist group?

A)

The Quakers

B)

The Baptists

C)

The Methodists

D)

The Presbyterians

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45)

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Because of the Tariff of 1828, the British reduced their imports of cotton from the United States, which hurt the South. The tariff forced the South
to buy manufactured goods from U.S. manufacturers, mainly in the North, at a higher price, while southern states also faced a reduced income from
sales of raw materials. Thus, the segment of the American population that would have been MOST supportive of the Tariff of 1828 would be
Northerners who would experience increased industrial growth because of a decrease in British imports.

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45)

Which segment of the American population would have been MOST supportive of the Tariff of 1828?

A)

The Freedmen, who were hurt by high rates of unemployment due to the
tariff.

B)

Southerners who were forced to pay higher prices on goods the region did
not produce

C)

Western settlers who saw the threat that the tariff posed to their efforts at
industrialization.

D)

Northerners who would experience increased industrial growth because of
a decrease in British imports.

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46)

Correct
One way that the protective tariffs benefited American manufacturers was that domestic sales increased since American­made goods were
less expensive than similar imported goods. However, the American-made goods were more expensive than they would had been if no
tariffs were in place. The Southerners felt they had to pay more than necessary for Northern goods and that the North was getting rich at their
expense.

46)

How did protective tariffs benefit American manufacturers in the early-1800s?

A)

Southerners and Northerners were both getting equally richer.

B)

U.S. manufacturers could not compete with British manufacturers.

C)

American-made goods were less expensive than similar imported goods.

D)

Chinese-made goods were much more expensive than similar imported
goods.

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47)

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In 1850 Congress passed another passage of The Fugitive Slave Act. This law made it a crime not to turn in runaway slaves and also provided
bonus pay for law enforcement officials who captured them. This resulted in many free blacks in the north being targeted for arrests.

47)

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This poster was MOST likely inspired by which government action?

A)

the passage of The Fugitive Slave Act

B)

the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act

C)

the Plessy v. Ferguson decision

D)

the Dred Scott v. Sandford decision

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48)

Correct
Many features of the American political system, especially in terms of limited government and due process, can be directly traced back to the
government of England. Many of the ideas expressed in the U.S. Constitution find their basis in the Magna Carta, the Petition of Rights, and the
English Bill of Rights.

48)

Which nation provided the foundation for the concept of limited government that is embodied in the U.S. Constitution?

A)

England

B)

France

C)

Greece

D)

Spain

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49)

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Correct
The technological breakthrough that led to an increased demand for slaves in the early to mid 1800's was the cotton gin. Since the gin quickly
and easily separated the cotton fibers from the seeds, plantation owners were able to increase their rate of production which resulted in greater
demand for slaves to work in the fields.

49)

Which technological development led to an increased demand for slaves in the United States during the early- to mid-1800s?

A)

the steel plow

B)

the cotton gin

C)

the mechanical reaper

D)

the combine harvester

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50)

Correct
The cotton gin, new farmlands in the west, and the demand for cotton in northern and European textile factories led to an increase in demand
for slaves in the years leading up to the Civil War. As a result, the South became even more dependent on plantations and slavery, making
plantation agriculture the largest sector of the Southern economy.

50)

The cotton gin, new farmlands in the west, and the demand for cotton in northern and European textile factories led to

A)

an increase in demand for slaves in the years leading up to the Civil War.

B)

a decrease in demand for slaves in the years leading up to the Civil War.

C)

the development of an industrialized southern economy.

D)

the Missouri Compromise and the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

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51)

Incorrect
The ideas contained in the Declaration of Independence were MOST influenced by the Social Contract Theory. The work of Hobbes, Locke,
Rousseau, and Montesquieu all played major roles in the thoughts expressed by Thomas Jefferson in his foundational document.

The ideas contained in the Declaration of Independence were MOST influenced by

51)

A)

Absolute Monarchy.

B)

the Federal System.

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C)

anti-Authoritarianism.

D)

the Social Contract Theory.

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52)

Correct
John Brown participated in raids against slavery in Harpers Ferry and Kansas. John Brown was an abolitionist from New York who was
a key player in Bleeding Kansas. Afterwords, he traveled to Virginia to fight against slavery at Harpers Ferry.

52)

How did John Brown contribute to the abolitionist movement?

A)

John Brown fought on the Union side during the Civil War.

B)

John Brown led enslaved African Americans through the Underground
Railroad.

C)

John Brown participated in raids against slavery in Harpers Ferry and
Kansas.

D)

John Brown worked with Harriet Tubman to orchestrate the Underground
Railroad.

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53)

Incorrect
The Whiskey Rebellion (1791-1794) was an early challenge to the authority of the government created by the U.S. Constitution. The use of national
military troops to quell the insurrection showed that the federal government would use force to execute the laws of the land. The
supremacy of the national government is guaranteed in Article VI of the U.S. Constitution.

53)

The Whiskey Rebellion was significant in U.S. history MAINLY because

A)

the states proved that they could nullify federal laws.

B)

the forces of prohibition achieved a ban on alcoholic beverages.

C)

the states were able to pass legislation reversing a national tax.

D)

the federal government used force to enforce the laws of the land.

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54)

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Correct
The word unalienable means something that cannot be taken away. Thomas Jefferson philosophers believed that certain rights could never
be taken away or surrendered. These rights mentioned in the Declaration of Independence would later become part of the United States
Constitution.

54)
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain

unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness."
- from The Declaration of Independence

What is the best definition of the word unalienable in this passage?

A)

something that cannot be taken away

B)

things that sometimes are allowable

C)

rights that are only provided by law

D)

beliefs that vary from person to person

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55)

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When looking at the map, you can see that the major European areas were all close to major bodies of water. Though this map only shows
some of the European settlements, in those early years all major settlements were a very short distance from water. This was not just for drinking
water, but for transportation of goods and people, and for irrigation purposes.

55)

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"Map of Settlements in North America (mid1600s)"

When looking at the map, what can you tell about the colonial European settlements?

A)

All of the settlements were in the south.

B)

All of the settlements were along major rivers.

C)

All settlements tried to avoid the Indian settlements.

D)

All of the settlements were close to major bodies of water.

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Number 4 in the red marks the territories controlled by Great Britain at this time. The boundary to the west of their territory marks the approximate
route of the Appalachian Mountains.

56)

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Use this map to answer the next question.

Which number on this map marks the area of colonial North America controlled by Great Britain around the year 1700?

A)

1

B)

2

C)

3

D)

4

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57)

Correct
The Missouri Compromise, the Compromise of 1850, and "Bleeding Kansas" all dealt with the expansion of slavery into the western
territories. Each of them involved the balance of "free" and "slave" states in the Union.

57)

What did the Missouri Compromise, the Compromise of 1850, and "Bleeding Kansas" have in common?

A)

They were all vetoed by President Abraham Lincoln.

B)

They helped Abraham Lincoln win the Election of 1860.

C)

They all dealt with the expansion of slavery into the western territories.

D)

They were permanent solutions to the conflict between the North and
South.

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58)

Correct
According to the Declaration of Independence, the people give the government the right to exist. Most of this passage deals with this topic. The
exact line is, "... Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed...."

58)
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain
unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. — That to secure these rights, Governments
are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, — That whenever any Form of
Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new
Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to
effect their Safety and Happiness. "
- Declaration of Independence

According to this passage from the Declaration of Independence, who gives government the power to exist?

A)

the king

B)

the people

C)

their creator

D)

their government

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Letter "A" marks the area that the U.S. received from France in the Louisiana Purchase. Its purchase doubled the U.S.'s size, and was made possible
when France needed to sell the area following the revolution in its home country and a slave rebellion in Haiti.

59)

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Which letter on this map marks the Louisiana Purchase?

A)
B)
C)
D)

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60)

Correct
In the years leading up to the Civil War, the economy of the South was characterized by agriculture, the plantation system, and slave labor. The
Northern economy, on the other hand, was characterized by manufacturing, mining, urban growth, and increased immigration.

60)
agriculture
plantation system
slave labor

In what region were these factors prevalent in the years leading up to the Civil War?

A)

the North

B)

the South

C)

the Frontier

D)

the Great Plains

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