2019-06-19 TOEFL: reading fact, listening signal words

Greg Malivuk
gmalivuk@staffordhouse.com
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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https://ed.ted.com/lessons/could-underwater-farms-help-fight-climate-change-ayana-elizabeth-johnson-and-megan-davis
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Homework: p. 19-21 - Answer the questions in 1R15
1 c - fact
2 c - vocabulary
3 a - negative fact
4 d - paraphrase (“especially a healthy one” includes all of the more specific risks mentioned in the original sentence)
5 b - vocabulary
6 c - vocabulary (While “folklore” and “tradition” are generally closely related, “tradition” wouldn’t fit in this sentence of the text.)
7 b - fact
8 b - fact (Andropause is the reduction in hormones, it’s not an effect of the reduction.)
9 d - vocabulary
10 b - purpose (The expense of in-vitro fertilization is the reason male infertility hasn’t been emphasized.)
11 b - fact
12 b - vocabulary
13 c - fact (The paragraph focuses specifically on manliness and virility, not on “any weaknesses” in general.)
14 a e f
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http://www.wordandphrase.info/analyzeText.asp - Type a list of words (separated with spaces) and click “search”. Then you can click on each word in the box on the right to see its frequency rank, definition, synonyms, and examples.
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https://newsela.com/ - Free to register (I think you get more options if you say you’re an educator). You can then read articles about many different topics at different reading levels. (Make some effort to pick topics you aren’t already familiar with or interested in.)
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Listening Question Types
- main idea (content or purpose of the entire passage)
- detail/fact
- purpose/method
- inference
- attitude
- function (replay)
- prediction
- complete a table or chart (basically multi-part detail questions)
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p. 25 - Signal words and predicting.
- What might be the next transition signal used after the sentences in 1L1?
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BREAK
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p. 26 part 1L2 - What content will probably come after these signal words?
b) Explanation of how pheromones function. (Maybe step-by-step.)
c) Examples of the types of messages.
d) Yes/No answer, and research that shows this result.
- All three of these are rhetorical questions. The professor doesn’t expect students to answer them, the professor plans to answer them next in the lecture. (When you notice a rhetorical question in listening, you can often expect to get a replay/function question about it.)
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1L3 - Listen to the lecture about pheromones and take notes.
Compare your notes to the sample notes on p. 26-27. Did you note most of the same information? Did you miss anything important?
p. 27 exercise 1L4 - Answer the questions.
1 d
2 d
3 b (This information supports the statement, “And these signals can be quite strong.”)
4 a d
5 d
6 d (There is no mention of reasons males choose specific mates.)
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p. 30 - Take notes about emperor penguins. Then compare your notes with your partner’s. Did your partner catch the same information? How are the notes organized?
p. 31 exercise 1L8 - Answer the questions
1 c
2 a
3 a
4 c d
5 b d
6 F M M F M F
p. 32 - Listen and take notes about family businesses. Then answer the questions.
1 c
2 c d e (Money isn’t mentioned, so b is wrong even though we all know entrepreneurs want to make money.)
3 c
4 b
5 c (He’s talking about disadvantages. For “competence” to be a disadvantage, it must be a lack of competence, i.e. incompetence.)
6 - 1 2 2 1 1 2
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Homework: p. 37-39 - Answer the test questions in parts 1L14 and 1L15