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- # cat /proc/sys/kernel/tainted
- 128
- # dmesg | grep -i taint
- [ 8306.955523] Pid: 4511, comm: chrome Tainted: G D 3.9.10-100.fc17.i686.PAE #1 Dell Inc.
- [ 8307.366310] Pid: 4571, comm: chrome Tainted: G D 3.9.10-100.fc17.i686.PAE #1 Dell Inc.
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Tainted kernels:
- Some oops reports contain the string 'Tainted: ' after the program
- counter. This indicates that the kernel has been tainted by some
- mechanism. The string is followed by a series of position-sensitive
- characters, each representing a particular tainted value.
- 1: 'G' if all modules loaded have a GPL or compatible license, 'P' if
- any proprietary module has been loaded. Modules without a
- MODULE_LICENSE or with a MODULE_LICENSE that is not recognised by
- insmod as GPL compatible are assumed to be proprietary.
- 2: 'F' if any module was force loaded by "insmod -f", ' ' if all
- modules were loaded normally.
- 3: 'S' if the oops occurred on an SMP kernel running on hardware that
- hasn't been certified as safe to run multiprocessor.
- Currently this occurs only on various Athlons that are not
- SMP capable.
- 4: 'R' if a module was force unloaded by "rmmod -f", ' ' if all
- modules were unloaded normally.
- 5: 'M' if any processor has reported a Machine Check Exception,
- ' ' if no Machine Check Exceptions have occurred.
- 6: 'B' if a page-release function has found a bad page reference or
- some unexpected page flags.
- 7: 'U' if a user or user application specifically requested that the
- Tainted flag be set, ' ' otherwise.
- 8: 'D' if the kernel has died recently, i.e. there was an OOPS or BUG.
- 9: 'A' if the ACPI table has been overridden.
- 10: 'W' if a warning has previously been issued by the kernel.
- (Though some warnings may set more specific taint flags.)
- 11: 'C' if a staging driver has been loaded.
- 12: 'I' if the kernel is working around a severe bug in the platform
- firmware (BIOS or similar).
- 13: 'O' if an externally-built ("out-of-tree") module has been loaded.
- 14: 'E' if an unsigned module has been loaded in a kernel supporting
- module signature.
- 15: 'L' if a soft lockup has previously occurred on the system.
- The primary reason for the 'Tainted: ' string is to tell kernel
- debuggers if this is a clean kernel or if anything unusual has
- occurred. Tainting is permanent: even if an offending module is
- unloaded, the tainted value remains to indicate that the kernel is not
- trustworthy.
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