LM35 Temperature Sensor

/*
The LM35 is an analog temperature sensor that outputs a voltage proportional to the temperature in degrees Celsius. Here's an example code in Arduino that reads the temperature from the sensor:

Note: This code assumes that the LM35 sensor is connected to pin A0 of the Arduino board. If you're using a different pin, you'll need to modify the SENSOR_PIN definition accordingly. Also, the LM35 outputs a voltage of 10 mV per degree Celsius, so the voltage is multiplied by 100 to convert it to degrees Celsius.
*/

const int SENSOR_PIN = A0;
const int NUM_READINGS = 10;
float readings[NUM_READINGS];  // the readings from the sensor
int index = 0;  // the index of the current reading
float total = 0;  // the running total
float average = 0;  // the average
float calibrationOffset = 0;  // the calibration offset
bool isCalibrated = false;  // indicates if the sensor is calibrated

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(SENSOR_PIN, INPUT);

  // initialize all the readings to 0
  for (int i = 0; i < NUM_READINGS; i++) {
    readings[i] = 0;
  }

  Serial.println("Enter a calibration offset (in degrees Celsius) and press Enter.");
}

void loop() {
  if (!isCalibrated) {
    readCalibrationOffset();
  } else {
    // subtract the last reading and add the current reading to the total
    total = total - readings[index];
    readings[index] = analogRead(SENSOR_PIN) * (5.0 / 1023.0);
    total = total + readings[index];

    // move to the next position in the array
    index = (index + 1) % NUM_READINGS;

    // calculate the average
    average = total / NUM_READINGS;

    // calculate the temperature in degrees Celsius
    float temperature = average * 100.0 + calibrationOffset;

    // print the temperature
    Serial.print("Temperature: ");
    Serial.print(temperature);
    Serial.println(" °C");

    // delay before reading from the sensor again
    delay(1000);
  }
}

void readCalibrationOffset() {
  if (Serial.available()) {
    float inputOffset = Serial.parseFloat();
    if (Serial.read() == '\n') {
      calibrationOffset = inputOffset;
      Serial.print("Calibration offset set to: ");
      Serial.print(calibrationOffset);
      Serial.println(" °C");
      isCalibrated = true;
    }
  }
}