SampleProgressLoadList

//R.layout.framgnet
<LinearLayout
    android:id="@+id/root_layout"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:orientation="vertical">
    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/list"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:otherStuffsYouNeed="whaaaatever"/>
</LinearLayout>

//Fragment.java
public class Fragment extends Fragment {
    public LinearLayout mRoot;
    public ListView mList;
    public ProgressBar mProgress;

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            //Get allllll the references
            View layout = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment, null);
            mRoot = (LinearLayout) layout.findViewById(R.id.root_layout);
            mList = (ListView) layout.findViewById(R.id.list);
            //Create your ProgressBar (I'm assuming you want it indeterminate as common
            mProgress = new ProgressBar();
            mProgress.setIndeterminate(true);
            showLoading();

            //Blah blah blah get your ListView data and in your onDone() or whatever method
            //you may have
            ...
            @Override
            public void onDone() {
                mRoot.removeViewAt(0);
                mRoot.addView(mList, 0);
            }
            return layout;
    }

    public void showLoading() {
        mRoot.removeViewAt(0);
        mRoot.addView(mProgress, 0);
    }
}