2015-04-29 Structure: gerunds/infinitives

Greg Malivuk
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http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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Homework: p. 146 exercise 3 (also look at the lists 3 to 10 on pages A-2 to A-4)
1 forgot to bring (= forgot an obligation)
2 recommended ordering (recommend + gerund)
3 volunteered to throw out (volunteer + infinitive)
4 stopped eating (stop + gerund = quit)
5 deserved to receive (deserve + infinitive)
6 tried to decide (try + infinitive = attempt but maybe fail)
7 admitted stopping (admit + gerund)
8 remembered playing (= remember the past action)
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stop doing something = quit a past action
remember doing something = remember a past action
forget doing something = forget a past action
regret doing something = regret a past action
try doing something = do it but maybe it won’t help
(gerund action *definitely* happened or will definitely happen)

stop to do something = stop for the purpose of this action
remember to do something = remember an obligation
forget to do something = forget an obligation
regret to do something = regret an obligation
try to do something = attempt it but maybe you can’t do it
(infinitive action maybe happens or happens later)
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object of a preposition: always gerund
as the subject: usually gerund
object of a verb: sometimes gerund, sometimes infinitive (look at the back of the book)
after a noun: usually infinitive
after an adjective or adverb: always infinitive
as the purpose of an action: always infinitive
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It’s important to pay attention to the structure of a sentence:

Who did you go with to buy dinner?
“to buy dinner” is the purpose of “go”, so we use the INFINITIVE
“with” connects to “Who”

I’m looking forward to seeing this movie.
“to” is a preposition in “look forward to”, so we use the GERUND
(also “used to”, “accustomed to”, “object to”, “admit to”)
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p. 147 exercise 4 in pairs
1 wanted me to have
2 Andre’s choosing to go (“about” = preposition -> gerund -> possessive)
3 stopped using (stop + gerund = quit)
4 finding (“of” = preposition)
5 to see (“happy” = adjective)
6 changing (subject)
7 to do (“thing” = noun)
8 support their selling (support + gerund -> possessive)
9 appreciate my friend’s encouraging (appreciate + gerund -> possessive)
10 to express (purpose)
11 having (“at” = preposition)
12 expected to find (expect + infinitive)
13 didn’t expect to see (expect + infinitive)
14 to bring (“wrong” = adjective)
15 eating (“of” = preposition)
16 need to have (need + infinitive)
17 try to stay away (try + infinitive = attempt)
18 urge the administration to set up (urge + object + infinitive)
19 keep on buying (“keep on” + gerund)
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p. 151 / 154 in pairs
1 What does Jennifer enjoy doing? (enjoy + gerund)
2 What does Jennifer expect to do? (expect + infinitive)
3 What is Jennifer good at doing? (preposition + gerund)
4 What does Jennifer dislike doing? (dislike + gerund)
5 What doesn’t Jennifer mind doing? (mind + gerund)
6 What is Jennifer willing to do? (adjective + infinitive)
7 What doesn’t Jennifer ever complain about doing? (preposition + gerund)
8 What is Jennifer eager to do? (adjective + infinitive)
9 What does Jennifer plan to do next year? (plan + infinitive)
10 What does Jennifer dream about doing one day? (preposition + gerund)
11 What can’t Jennifer stand doing/to do? (stand + gerund or infinitive)
12 What does Jennifer expect people to do? (expect + infinitive)
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Homework: p. 155 unit 9 review