Venerable-Class Armored Cruiser [1894] (Mazantsi)

Venerable-Class, Mazantsi Dominion Armored Cruiser laid down 1894

Displacement:
	8,260 t light; 8,750 t standard; 9,937 t normal; 10,887 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
	(392.00 ft / 380.00 ft) x 62.00 ft x (26.00 / 27.99 ft)
	(119.48 m / 115.82 m) x 18.90 m  x (7.92 / 8.53 m)

Armament:
      4 - 9.40" / 239 mm 38.0 cal guns - 388.26lbs / 176.11kg shells, 125 per gun
	  Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1888 Model
	  2 x Twin mounts on centreline, evenly spread
      2 - 9.40" / 239 mm 38.0 cal guns - 388.26lbs / 176.11kg shells, 125 per gun
	  Breech loading guns in deck mounts, 1888 Model
	  2 x Single mounts on sides amidships
      8 - 6.25" / 159 mm 42.0 cal guns - 118.37lbs / 53.69kg shells, 200 per gun
	  Quick firing guns in casemate mounts, 1892 Model
	  8 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
      8 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm 42.0 cal guns - 13.10lbs / 5.94kg shells, 300 per gun
	  Quick firing guns in casemate mounts, 1890 Model
	  8 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
		8 raised mounts
      16 - 1.25" / 31.8 mm 53.0 cal guns - 1.01lbs / 0.46kg shells, 750 per gun
	  Quick firing guns in deck mounts, 1887 Model
	  4 x 2 row quad mounts on centreline, evenly spread
		4 double raised mounts
      Weight of broadside 3,397 lbs / 1,541 kg
      Main Torpedoes
      2 - 16.0" / 406 mm, 16.00 ft / 4.88 m torpedoes - 0.377 t each, 0.755 t total
	submerged bow & stern tubes
      2nd Torpedoes
      2 - 16.0" / 406 mm, 16.00 ft / 4.88 m torpedoes - 0.377 t each, 0.755 t total
	below water reloads

Armour:
   - Belts:		Width (max)	Length (avg)		Height (avg)
	Main:	6.00" / 152 mm	295.00 ft / 89.92 m	9.45 ft / 2.88 m
	Ends:	4.00" / 102 mm	  85.00 ft / 25.91 m	9.45 ft / 2.88 m
	Upper:	4.00" / 102 mm	295.00 ft / 89.92 m	8.00 ft / 2.44 m
	  Main Belt covers 119 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead - Strengthened structural bulkheads:
		3.00" / 76 mm	247.00 ft / 75.29 m	24.13 ft / 7.35 m
	Beam between torpedo bulkheads 60.00 ft / 18.29 m

   - Gun armour:	Face (max)	Other gunhouse (avg)	Barbette/hoist (max)
	Main:	9.00" / 229 mm	5.00" / 127 mm		5.00" / 127 mm
	2nd:	9.00" / 229 mm	2.00" / 51 mm		      -
	3rd:	4.00" / 102 mm	2.00" / 51 mm		4.00" / 102 mm

   - Armoured deck - multiple decks:
	For and Aft decks: 2.00" / 51 mm
	Forecastle: 1.50" / 38 mm  Quarter deck: 1.50" / 38 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 8.00" / 203 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
	Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
	Direct drive, 2 shafts, 16,647 ihp / 12,419 Kw = 20.00 kts
	Range 8,000nm at 10.00 kts
	Bunker at max displacement = 2,136 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
	496 - 646

Cost:
	£0.892 million / $3.569 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
	Armament: 563 tons, 5.7 %
	   - Guns: 560 tons, 5.6 %
	   - Weapons: 2 tons, 0.0 %
	Armour: 2,963 tons, 29.8 %
	   - Belts: 1,219 tons, 12.3 %
	   - Torpedo bulkhead: 662 tons, 6.7 %
	   - Armament: 409 tons, 4.1 %
	   - Armour Deck: 595 tons, 6.0 %
	   - Conning Tower: 80 tons, 0.8 %
	Machinery: 2,870 tons, 28.9 %
	Hull, fittings & equipment: 1,764 tons, 17.8 %
	Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,677 tons, 16.9 %
	Miscellaneous weights: 100 tons, 1.0 %
	   - Above deck: 100 tons

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
	Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
	  7,441 lbs / 3,375 Kg = 17.9 x 9.4 " / 239 mm shells or 4.9 torpedoes
	Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.48
	Metacentric height 4.8 ft / 1.5 m
	Roll period: 11.9 seconds
	Steadiness	- As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 63 %
			- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.31
	Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.27

Hull form characteristics:
	Hull has a flush deck,
	  a ram bow and a cruiser stern
	Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.568 / 0.578
	Length to Beam Ratio: 6.13 : 1
	'Natural speed' for length: 19.49 kts
	Power going to wave formation at top speed: 53 %
	Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
	Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -4.00 degrees
	Stern overhang: 3.00 ft / 0.91 m
	Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
				Fore end,	 Aft end
	   - Forecastle:	20.00 %,  18.00 ft / 5.49 m,  15.00 ft / 4.57 m
	   - Forward deck:	30.00 %,  15.00 ft / 4.57 m,  12.00 ft / 3.66 m
	   - Aft deck:	35.00 %,  12.00 ft / 3.66 m,  12.00 ft / 3.66 m
	   - Quarter deck:	15.00 %,  12.00 ft / 3.66 m,  12.00 ft / 3.66 m
	   - Average freeboard:		13.29 ft / 4.05 m
	Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
	Space	- Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 118.1 %
		- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 81.5 %
	Waterplane Area: 16,719 Square feet or 1,553 Square metres
	Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 93 %
	Structure weight / hull surface area: 108 lbs/sq ft or 527 Kg/sq metre
	Hull strength (Relative):
		- Cross-sectional: 0.92
		- Longitudinal: 2.10
		- Overall: 1.00
	Cramped machinery, storage, compartmentation space
	Cramped accommodation and workspace room
	Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily