<?php
     ...
     $val = $myService->getValue(); // makes an api and db call
?>

<script>
    myPlugin.start($val); // tried this, didn't work
    <?php myPlugin.start($val); ?> // this didn't work either
    myPlugin.start(<?=$val?> // this works sometimes, but sometimes it fails
</script>

/* Do some operation here, like talk to the database, the file-session
 * The world beyond, limbo, the city of shimmers, and Canada.
 *
 * AJAX generally uses strings, but you can output JSON, HTML and XML as well.
 * It all depends on the Content-type header that you send with your AJAX
 * request. */

echo json_encode(42); //In the end, you need to echo the result.
                      //All data should be json_encode()d.

                      //You can json_encode() any value in PHP, arrays, strings,
                      //even objects.

<!-- snip -->
<script>
    function reqListener () {
      console.log(this.responseText);
    }

    var oReq = new XMLHttpRequest(); //New request object
    oReq.onload = function() {
        //This is where you handle what to do with the response.
        //The actual data is found on this.responseText
        alert(this.responseText); //Will alert: 42
    };
    oReq.open("get", "get-data.php", true);
    //                               ^ Don't block the rest of the execution.
    //                                 Don't wait until the request finishes to
    //                                 continue.
    oReq.send();
</script>
<!-- snip -->

<!-- snip -->
<div id="dom-target" style="display: none;">
    <?php
        $output = "42"; //Again, do some operation, get the output.
        echo htmlspecialchars($output); /* You have to escape because the result
                                           will not be valid HTML otherwise. */
    ?>
</div>
<script>
    var div = document.getElementById("dom-target");
    var myData = div.textContent;
</script>
<!-- snip -->

<!-- snip -->
<script>
    var data = <?php echo json_encode("42", JSON_HEX_TAG); ?>; //Don't forget the extra semicolon!
</script>
<!-- snip -->

setcookie("MyCookie", $value); // sets the cookie to the value, remember, do not
                               // set it with HTTP only to true.

var cookies = document.cookie.split(";").
    map(function(el){ return el.split("="); }).
    reduce(function(prev,cur){ prev[cur[0]] = cur[1];return prev },{});

cookies["MyCookie"] // value set with php.

<script>
    var myServerData = <?=json_encode($value)?>; // don't forget to sanitize
                                                 //server data
</script>

function callback(data){
    // what do I do with the response?
}

var httpRequest = new XMLHttpRequest;
httpRequest.onreadystatechange = function(){
    if (httpRequest.readyState === 4) {// request is done
        if (httpRequest.status === 200) {// successfully
            callback(httpRequest.responseText);// we're calling our method
        }
    }
};
httpRequest.open('GET', "/echo/json");
httpRequest.send();

$.get("/your/url").done(function(data){
    // what do I do with the data?
});

<$php
 ...
 $val = myService->getValue(); // makes an api and db call
 echo json_encode($val); // write it to the output
 $>

<div class="service-container" data-service="<?php echo $myService->getValue(); ?>">

</div>

<script>
$(document).ready(function() {
    $('.service-container').each(function() {
        var container = $(this);
        var service = container.data('service');

        // service variable now contains the value of $myService->getValue();
    });
});
</script>

<script>
  var jsvar = <?php echo json_encode($PHPVar); ?>;
</script>

<script type="text/javascript">
var js_variable  = '<?php echo $php_variable;?>';
<script>

<script type="text/javascript">
    var js_variable = <?php echo json_encode($php_variable); ?>;
</script>

class mHeader {

    private $scripts = array();

    /**
     * @param string $id        unique script identifier
     * @param string $src   script src attribute
     * @param array  $deps      an array of dependencies ( script identifiers ).
     * @param array  $data      an array, data that will be json_encoded and available to the script.
     */
    function enqueue_script( $id, $src, $deps = array(), $data = array() ) {
        $this->scripts[$id] = array( 'src' => $src, 'deps' => $deps, 'data' => $data );
    }

    private function dependencies( $script ) {
        if ( $script['deps'] ) {
            return array_map( array( $this, 'dependencies' ), array_intersect_key( $this->scripts, array_flip( $script['deps'] ) ) );
        }
    }

    private function _unset( $key, &$deps, &$out ) {
        $out[$key] = $this->scripts[$key];
        unset( $deps[$key] );
    }

    private function flattern( &$deps, &$out = array() ) {

        foreach( $deps as $key => $value ) {
            empty($value) ? $this->_unset( $key, $deps, $out ) : $this->flattern( $deps[$key], $out );
        }
    }

    function print_scripts() {

        if ( !$this->scripts ) return;

        $deps = array_map( array( $this, 'dependencies' ), $this->scripts );
        while ( $deps )
            $this->flattern( $deps, $js );

        foreach( $js as $key => $script ) {
            $script['data'] && printf( "<script> var %s = %s; </script>" . PHP_EOL, key( $script['data'] ), json_encode( current( $script['data'] ) ) );
            echo "<script id="$key-js" src="$script[src]" type="text/javascript"></script>" . PHP_EOL;
        }
    }
}

$header = new mHeader();

$header->enqueue_script( 'jquery-ui', '//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.10.4/jquery-ui.min.js', array( 'jquery' ) );
$header->enqueue_script( 'jquery', '//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js' );
$header->enqueue_script( 'custom-script', '//custom-script.min.js', array( 'jquery-ui' ), array( 'mydata' => array( 'value' => 20 ) ) );

$header->print_scripts();

<script id="jquery-js" src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script id="jquery-ui-js" src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jqueryui/1.10.4/jquery-ui.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script> var mydata = {"value":20}; </script>
<script id="custom-script-js" src="//custom-script.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>

myPlugin.start($val); // tried this, didn't work

myPlugin.start(); // tried this, didn't work

<?php myPlugin.start($val); ?> // this didn't work either

myPlugin.start(<?=$val?> // this works sometimes, but sometimes it fails

<?php
    echo "<script> var x = ". json_encode($phpVariable)."</script>";
?>

<?php

$variable_1 = "QNimate";
$variable_2 = "QScutter";

?>
    <span id="storage" data-variable-one="<?php echo $variable_1; ?>" data-variable-two="<?php echo $variable_2; ?>"></span>
<?php

var variable_1 = undefined;
var variable_2 = undefined;

window.onload = function(){
    variable_1 = document.getElementById("storage").getAttribute("data-variable-one");
    variable_2 = document.getElementById("storage").getAttribute("data-variable-two");
}

<script type="text/javascript" src="url_to_your_php_file.php" /></script>

<script type="text/javascript" src="url_to_your_php_file.php?var1=value1" /></script>

<?php
// THIS IS A SIMPLE EXAMPLE
// it demonstrates one method of using the src attribute to link
// to a PHP file which can generate javascripts dynamically
// and share data between PHP and javascript
// you may take this learning example and develop it further
// relying on your own coding skills for validating data
// and avoiding errors, of course
header( 'content-type: text/javascript' );

// if you pass a $_GET variable from the javascript
// you should add code to validate your $_GET variable(s)

// you can add code to query a database
// using $_GET['var1'] or some other criteria

// you can add simple variable assignments
$value = 'some value';

// for the OP's needs (assumes the class object has been defined)
$val = $myService->getValue();

?>
function name() {
    // pay attention because you need to use quotes properly
    // and account for possible quotes in the variable strings
    // to avoid both php and javascript errors
    // example assumes $val has been returned as a string
    // validate $val as needed using your method of choice
    var example1 = '<?php echo '"' . $val . '"'; ?>';
    var example2 = '<?php echo '"' . $value . '"'; ?>';
    var example3 = '<?php echo '"some other data"'; ?>';
    alert( example1 + ' / ' + example2 );
}
<?php
// you may even want to include additional files (.php or .js, etc)
@include 'local_path_to_some_other_js_file.js';
@include 'local_path_to_some_other_php_file.php';

exit;
?>

<?php
 $name = 'PHP variable';
 echo '<script>';
 echo 'var name = ' . json_encode($name) . ';';
 echo '</script>';
<?
<script>
  console.log("i am everywhere " + name);
</script>

<?php
    $myvar = "I'm in "UTF-8" encoding and I have <script>script tags</script> & ampersand!";
    // Fails:
    //echo '<body onload="alert(', json_encode($myvar), ');">';
    // Fails:
    //echo "<body onload='alert(", json_encode($myvar), ");'>";
    // Fails:
    //echo "<body onload='alert(", htmlspecialchars(json_encode($myvar)), ");'>";

    // Works:
    //echo "<body onload='alert(", htmlspecialchars(json_encode($myvar), ENT_QUOTES), ");'>";
    // Works:
    echo '<body onload="alert(', htmlspecialchars(json_encode($myvar)), ');">';

    echo "</body>";

<?php

// Optionally pass the encoding of the source string, if not UTF-8
function escapeJSString($string, $encoding = 'UTF-8')
{
    if ($encoding != 'UTF-8')
        $string = iconv($encoding, 'UTF-8', $string);
    $flags = JSON_HEX_TAG|JSON_HEX_AMP|JSON_HEX_APOS|JSON_HEX_QUOT|JSON_UNESCAPED_SLASHES;
    $string = substr(json_encode($string, $flags), 1, -1);
    return "'$string'";
}

<?php
    $myvar = "I'm in "UTF-8" encoding and I have <script>script tags</script> & ampersand!";
    // Note use of double quotes to enclose the event definition!
    echo '<body onload="alert(', escapeJSString($myvar), ');">';
    // Example with regular code:
    echo '<script>alert(', escapeJSString($myvar), ');</script>';
    echo '</body>';

<$php
     $val = $myService->getValue(); // makes an api and db call
     echo '<span id="value">'.$val.'</span>';
$>

<?PHP
$number = 4;

echo '<script>';
echo 'var number = ' . $number . ';';
echo 'alert(number);';
echo '</script>';

?>

<script>var number = 4;alert(number);</script>

<script>var number = abcd;alert(number);</script>

<?PHP
$number = 'abcd';

echo '<script>';
echo 'var number = ' . json_encode($number) . ';';
echo 'alert(number);';
echo '</script>';

?>

<script>var number = "abcd";alert(number);</script>

<?PHP
$details = [
'name' => 'supun',
'age' => 456,
'weight' => '55'
];

echo '<script>';
echo 'var details = ' . json_encode($details) . ';';
echo 'alert(details);';
echo 'console.log(details);';
echo '</script>';

?>

<script>var details = {"name":"supun","age":456,"weight":"55"};alert(details);console.log(details);</script>

<?php

   $servername = "localhost";
   $username = "";
   $password = "";
   $dbname="";
   $conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password,$dbname);

   if ($conn->connect_error) {
      die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
   }

   $sql = "SELECT id, name ,image FROM phone";
   $result = $conn->query($sql);

   while($row =$result->fetch_assoc()){
      $v[]=$row;
   }

  echo json_encode($v);

  $conn->close();
?>

function showUser(fnc) {
   var xhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();

   xhttp.onreadystatechange = function() {
      if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
         // STEP 3
         var p=JSON.parse(this.responseText);}
       }
    }

<?php
    $your_php_variable= 22;
    echo "<script type='text/javascript'>var your_javascript_variable = $your_php_variable;</script>";
    ?>

<?php
        $username = 1;
    ?>

    <script type="text/javascript">
        var myData = <?php echo $username ?>;
        console.log(myData);
        alert(myData);
    </script>