2020-04-23 TOEFL: speaking 1, business vocab

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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https://www.ted.com/talks/dan_gilbert_the_surprising_science_of_happiness
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https://ed.ted.com/lessons/what-s-the-point-e-of-ballet-ming-luke
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Speaking Section: third section, after the break; 17 minutes; 4 tasks; 3m45s speaking time
1 (old 2) independent, choice question - 15 seconds to prepare / 45 seconds to speak
2 (old 3) integrated reading/listening/speaking, campus announcement and conversation - 30/60
3 (old 4) integrated R/L/S, academic text and lecture - 30/60
4 (old 6) integrated L/S, academic lecture - 20/60
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Independent Speaking: there are three likely types of choice question (divided by how the options are presented to you):
- Some people / other people (“Some people prefer…. Others choose…. Which do you think is better?”)
- Agree/disagree (“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?”)
- Multiple choice - choose one of the three options
https://www.bestmytest.com/blog/toefl/new-toefl-speaking-topics-2019#toefl-speaking-task-1-types - examples of each question type (as well as some others)
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Three-choice example:
The university wants to provide students with more types of entertainment and three choices are provided below. Which do you prefer and why?
	(1) A theater performance by the student actors
	(2) A concert provided by professional musician
	(3) A lecture from a professor.
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During your preparation time, you should write very brief notes:
theater
- participate more / many students (contrast to option 2)
- lectures every day (contrast to option 3)
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When you speak, your response should be more developed:
1 Introduction: state your choice (“In my opinion, a play or musical performed by other students would be the best option.”)
2 Lead-in (optional): “I have two reasons for this preference.”
3 First reason: “First, it will involve the university community more and bring us together.”
4 Detail/example: “A professional musician…”
5 Second reason: “Second, students already attend lectures every day.”
6 Detail/example: “This means that…”
(7 Conclusion - if you have time)
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- One or both of your reasons can be disadvantages of the option(s) you didn’t choose.
- “It depends” answers need to have both sides supported (explain what it depends on, and how).
- If the question is longer or more complex, make sure you understand it completely before you start preparing your answer.
- There are often multiple ways to disagree with a statement, especially if it includes words like “all” and “required”.
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Record your responses to task 2 from ETS 1 tests 1-4.
Timers:
	15 seconds for preparation
	45 seconds to record
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Listen to your classmates’ responses. What’s good and bad about each one?
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Try to combine your ideas into just two points. You don’t have time in 45 seconds to explain three or four points well.
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BREAK
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Business and Economics intro worksheet - With your partner, match the words on the left with the definitions on the right, based on the context in the sentences. Also, try to think of other forms of the same word. (e.g. economy - economic, economics, economist)
1 B - economic, economics, economist
2 K
3 D
4 G - inflationary (opposite: deflation, deflationary)
5 V
6 C
7 L - capitalism, capitalist, capitalize (on), capitalization
8 R - invest, investment
9 S - shareholder (related: stock, stockholder)
10 T - budget (v), budgetary
11 J - allocation
12 O
13 M - generation, generator
14 P - profit (v), profitable
15 I - measure (n), measurement
16 U - output (v)
17 N - promotion, promotional, promoter
18 H - market (v), marketing, marketable
19 Q - collapse (v)
20 A
21 F - competition, competitor
22 E - consumption, consume, consumerism (This is different from “customer”.)
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“stagflation” = stagnation + inflation
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Collins p. 45 part A - Choose the correct vocabulary word to replace each italic word in the sentences.
1 a compete
  b consumer
2 a budget
  b economy
3 a investors
  b capital
4 a measured
  b output
5 a Inflation
  b crisis
6 a sector
  b generates
7 a firms
  b promote
8 a demand
  b supply
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part B - Complete the paragraph with the correct forms of words from the list. (to check tomorrow)
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Homework: IELTS vocabulary p. 89 (pdf p. 93) exercise 1 - look up these words and be able to explain how they differ (you do NOT need to do 3, 9, or 11)