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- Greg Malivuk
- http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - Notes from all my classes
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- “Finally” is not a conclusion transition, it’s a final supporting point transition.
- Always make sure to explicitly transition into each paragraph with a strong topic sentence.
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- If a set of statements is mutually exclusive, it means if one statement is true, all the others must be false.
- If a set is exhaustive, it means the statements together cover all the possibilities.
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- When you see words like “another” or “the other”, the sentence must be after the introduction of a first point. “The other direction” only makes sense after you’ve talked about an initial direction.
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- “Therefore, another explanation is needed.” - This must follow evidence that the first explanation was not good.
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- Don’t be afraid to have “The first reason”, “the second reason”, and “the third reason” in your independent writing (or first and second in speaking). It’s okay to be pretty formulaic and uncreative on the TOEFL.
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- Try to pick a random topic and talk about it for five minutes without stopping. If you stop and forget what you wanted to say, add one minute to the time you have remaining.
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- You might also practice reading a reasonably long text out loud to just get used to the sound of English in your mouth.
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- You might write a “skeleton” of your essay (with all the transition signals you’ll need) before you take a few minutes to decide on your specific reasons and examples.
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