var $messageOutput = options.messageOutputElement ? $(options.messageOutputElement) : null;

function outputMessage(msg)
{
    if ($messageOutput !== null)
    {
        messageNum++;
        var $messageOutput = $(options.messageOutputElement);
        var html = $messageOutput.html();
        html += '<b>' + messageNum + '</b><br/>' + msg + '<br/>';
        $messageOutput.html(html);
        $messageOutput.scrollTop($messageOutput[0].scrollHeight);
    }
}

var x = 5;

function f () {
  console.log(x):
  if (!x) {
   var x = 22;
  }
  return x;
}
function g () {
  console.log(x):
  if (!x) {
    x = 22;
  }
  return x;
}
f(); // prints nothing, and returns 22
g(); // prints 5, and returns the same value

function f () {
  console.log(f_sub);
  function f_sub () {
    return "subfunction of f";
  }
  return f_sub;
}
function g() {
  console.log(g_sub);
  var g_sub = function () {
    return "subfunction of g";
  }
  return g_sub;
}
f(); // prints and returns f_sub
g(); // prints undefined and returns g_sub