Syntax error on line 29 of /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/001-example.conf:
<VirtualHost not allowed here
Action 'start' failed.

Define server_name example.com
Define home_name example
Define group_name www-data
Define has_ssl 1
Define has_phpmyadmin 1

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName ${server_name}
    ServerAlias www.${server_name}
    DocumentRoot /home/${home_name}/public_html

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.${server_name}.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.${server_name}.log combined

    SuexecUserGroup ${home_name} ${group_name}

    <Directory /home/${home_name}/public_html>
            Require all granted
            AllowOverride All
    </Directory>
    # Redireccionar a httpsa
    <If "${has_ssl} == '1'">
            Redirect permanent / https://${server_name}/
    </If>

</VirtualHost>

<If "${has_ssl} == '1'">
<VirtualHost *:443>
    ServerName ${server_name}
    ServerAlias www.${server_name}
    DocumentRoot /home/${home_name}/public_html

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.${server_name}.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.${server_name}.log combined

    SSLEngine on
    SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/${server_name}/cert.pem
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/${server_name}/privkey.pem
    SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/${server_name}/chain.pem

    SuexecUserGroup ${home_name} ${group_name}

    <Directory /home/${home_name}/public_html>
            Require all granted
            AllowOverride All
    </Directory>

</VirtualHost>
</If>

<If "${has_phpmyadmin} == '1'">
    Include /etc/phpmyadmin/apache.conf
</If>