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- Muhammad ﷺ’s prophethood can be argued for using the following syllogism:
- 1) If a claimant to prophethood is aided by a negation of nomic necessity, then he is a true prophet.
- 2) Muhammad ﷺ is a claimant to prophethood who was aided by a negation of nomic necessity.
- c) Therefore, Muhammad ﷺ is a true prophet.
- the 1st premise in summary: it is true because God is the creator of normalcy.
- So His aiding a claimant to prophethood by negating normalcy for him, signals His support for this claimant.
- the 2nd premise in summary: we offer two proofs for it.
- The first is the inability of the pagans to address the Quranic challenge,
- & this is a negation of nomic necessity.
- The second is that Muhammad ﷺ was aided with many extra-Quranic miracles,
- such as accurately prophesying future events,
- the multiplication of food and water,
- and the instantaneous healing of wounds and diseases,
- and all of these are negations of nomic necessity.
- In addition to being supported with miracles, the prophethood of Muhammad ﷺ can also be established by considering his life.
- Either Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was sincere, or he was a liar.
- “Sincere” meaning: He truly believed that he was receiving revelation from God.
- “Liar” meaning: He knew that he was not receiving revelation from God, and deliberately lied by claiming that he was.
- Prophet Muhammad’s ﷺ being a deliberate liar is false, which means he must have been sincere.
- We know he could not have been a liar,
- because we know that Prophet Muhammad ﷺ suffered through persecution in Makkah without compromising his religion.
- He also risked his life in fighting many wars to defend the cause of Islam.
- And he lived humbly, spending all his wealth to serve the religion.
- This is not behavior that is characteristic of a liar.
- As such, we can only conclude that Muhammad ﷺ was, at the very least, personally convinced that he was a prophet.
- Given Muhammad’s ﷺ sincerity: either he was a true prophet, or he was madman.
- “True prophet” meaning: He truly believed to have been communicating with God, and he actually was communicating with God.
- “Madman” meaning: He truly believed to have been communicating with God, but he actually was not communicating with God.
- i.e., he was a madman who was just hearing voices in his head. A man who thought himself a prophet when he actually wasn’t.
- Prophet Muhammad’s ﷺ being a madman is certainly false, so he must have been a true prophet.
- We know Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was not a madman,
- because we know that he was an exceedingly successful individual.
- To assume he was successful because of his madness (i.e. because of the voices in his head) is especially ludicrous.
- Muhammad ﷺ started out his life as an orphan without anything, & ended his life as ruler over all of Arabia.
- He was a military genius, diplomat, and the leader of a successful nation.
- His companions were able to, thanks to his leadership & example,
- conquer the two super powers of the world at the time (the Sassanids, & the Byzantines).
- It is inconceivable that someone as successful as Muhammad ﷺ was a madman.
- It is especially inconceivable that such a man was successful because of his madness.
- Therefore, we can only conclude that he truly was a prophet of God.
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