@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                         Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    // Inflate the layout for this fragment
    setHasOptionsMenu(true);
    View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_residuos, container, false);
    final GridView gridview = view.findViewById(R.id.grid_elements);
    adapter = new ResiduosAdapter(this.activity);
    gridview.setAdapter(adapter);
    // creo un objeto listener
    AdapterView.OnItemClickListener listener = new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {

        @Override
        public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> adapterView, View view, int i, long l) {
            Toast.makeText(getContext().getApplicationContext(),
                    "Click ListItem Number " + i, Toast.LENGTH_LONG)
                    .show();
        }
    };
    // asigno el objeto listener al gridview
    gridview.setOnItemClickListener(listener);
    return view;
}

<RelativeLayout xmlns:p1="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    p1:minWidth="25px"
    p1:minHeight="25px"
    p1:layout_width="match_parent"
    p1:layout_height="match_parent"
    p1:id="@+id/relativeLayout1"
    p1:padding="10dp">

    <GridView
        p1:id="@+id/grid_elements"
        p1:layout_width="match_parent"
        p1:layout_height="match_parent"
        p1:choiceMode="multipleChoice"
        p1:clickable="false"
        p1:drawSelectorOnTop="true"
        p1:horizontalSpacing="2dp"
        p1:minHeight="25px"
        p1:minWidth="25px"
        p1:numColumns="3"
        p1:verticalSpacing="2dp" />
</RelativeLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:p1="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    p1:id="@+id/relativeLayout1"
    p1:layout_width="match_parent"
    p1:layout_height="match_parent"
    p1:background="@color/primary_material_light"
    p1:focusable="false"
    p1:focusableInTouchMode="false"
    p1:minHeight="25px"
    p1:minWidth="25px">

    <ImageView
        p1:id="@+id/elements_img"
        p1:layout_width="match_parent"
        p1:layout_height="match_parent"
        p1:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
        p1:layout_marginTop="8dp"
        p1:focusable="false"
        p1:focusableInTouchMode="false"
        p1:src="@drawable/envases_plasticos" />

    <TextView
        p1:id="@+id/elements_name"
        p1:layout_width="wrap_content"
        p1:layout_height="wrap_content"
        p1:layout_below="@+id/elements_img"
        p1:layout_marginLeft="10dp"
        p1:layout_marginTop="5dp"
        p1:focusable="false"
        p1:focusableInTouchMode="false"
        p1:text="     "
        p1:textColor="@color/primary_dark_material_dark"
        p1:textSize="@dimen/abc_edit_text_inset_top_material" />

    <CheckBox
        p1:id="@+id/elements_check"
        p1:layout_width="wrap_content"
        p1:layout_height="wrap_content"
        p1:layout_alignRight="@id/elements_img"
        p1:focusable="false"
        p1:focusableInTouchMode="false" />
</RelativeLayout>