2016-06-25 Saturday: 9 Trade

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
“2016-06-25 Saturday: 9 Trade”
This is the same level and book as the “Core” class.
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Homework: test
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NO CLASS NEXT SATURDAY, JULY 2
There will be a school activity to watch fireworks on July 4 near Kendall/MIT station (Red Line).
I will be there starting at 1 or 2pm, and Natalia (the school activities coordinator) will take students from the school at 6:30.
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Today: shopping and money vocabulary
	articles and passive voice grammar
	bargaining skills
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p. 105 - Answer the questions in parts 2 and 3 with a partner.
jewel -> jewelry (sometimes pronounced “julery”)
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p. 106 part 1 - With your same partner, discuss whether the statements are true for you (and if they aren’t, what is true for you?)
receipt - silent ‘p’
(recipe - pronounced ‘p’, pronounced ‘e’)
debt - silent ‘b’
(debit - pronounced ‘b’)

borrow = temporarily take
lend = temporarily give
loan = lend money (also the noun for the money itself)
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part 3 - How do you usually pay for these things?
household bills = bills you pay every month as a normal part of where you live
	(electricity, cable, water, gas, phone, Internet)
	Water, gas, and electric are also called utilities.
mortgage = a bank loan to buy property (such as a house)
mortgage payment = the money you pay every month to the bank, to pay back the loan
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part 5 - Listen to the radio program about a new type of banking. Fix the incorrect information.
1 There are approximately five billion cell phones in the world today
2 A lot of people don’t have easy access to banks. (correct)
3 With the interactive voice system, you can talk to your cell phone.
4 Afghanistan has a new cell phone banking plan.
5 In Afghanistan, the cell phone network covers every town and city. (correct)
6 The Afghan National Police pay all salaries through cell phones.
7 The policemen in Afghanistan receive their salaries through their cell phones.
8 Each policeman gets a text message when he is paid.
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Grammar: articles
p. 107 part 7 - Which sentence (1-4) above matches each description?
a 4 - the first time something (singular) is mentioned, use “a” or “an”
b 2 - when we talk about (plural or noncount) things in general, don’t use an article
c 1 - when there is just one of something, it’s specific, use “the”
d 3 - when both of us (speaker and listener) know which thing the sentence is about, use “the”

I bought a new computer. (I know which computer, but you don’t. -> a)
I heard that you bought a new computer. (You know which computer, but I don’t. -> a)
Did you buy the new computer you were thinking about? (We both know which computer. -> the)

“a” before consonant sounds: a computer, a university, a one-way street, a USB cable
“an” before vowel sounds: an apple, an hour, an mp3 player

I bought (some) new computers.
I heard that you bought (some) new computers.
Did you buy the new computers you were thinking about?

I bought (some) water.
I heard that you bought (some) water.
Did you buy the water you were thinking about?
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Grammar: other determiners
Articles are a type of determiner, which is a word that goes before a noun to tell us about which one.
Other determiners are possessives (my, your, his, her, its, our, their) and quantifiers (all, each, every, most, some, many, much, etc.)

Every sheep is cute. / Each sheep is cute. - “each” and “every” are grammatically singular
All sheep are cute. - “all” is plural

every person / each person
all people
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p. 107 part 10 - Choose the correct options to complete the sentences. Then discuss whether you think these are good tips for saving money, and whether you do them.
1 a
2 your, a (this is the first time we’re talking about any jar)
3 the (= the specific supermarket that you go to)
4 their
5 your
6 -, an
7 all
8 each

how much you save a week = the (average) amount that you save, which is the same every week
how much you save each week = the amount you save one week, the (different) amount you save the next week, etc.
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p. 108 part 1 - In groups of three, answer these four questions about some of the things that you have with you right now.

man-made = made by humans
handmade = made by hand (not machine)
homemade = made at home (not in a factory or somewhere else)
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BREAK
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Grammar: passive voice
passive = [be] + past participle

We use passive when we want to focus on the object of a verb:
My father made my shoes. -> My shoes were made by my father.
Someone has stolen my car. -> My car has been stolen. (we don’t need “by someone” if we don’t know)
They are building a new bridge. -> A new bridge is being built. (we rarely use “by” + pronoun)
They might have made this in China. -> This might have been made in China.

modal + base form
perfect = [have] + past participle
continuous = [be] + verb(ing)
passive = [be] + past participle
- We put them together in this order.
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p. 109 part 8 - With your partner, complete the sentences with the correct passive forms of the verbs.
Then try to guess which option is the correct information.
1 have been sold - Nokia 1101 cell phones
2 has been adapted (it could be adapted for more in the future) - Tetris
3 has been translated - Agatha Christie
4 was nominated - The Color Purple
5 is being worn / is worn - Ralph Lauren
6 has been viewed (because we can still watch it more) - Justin Bieber
7 were downloaded - Call of Duty
8 was bought - Picasso
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auction (noun and verb) - when the seller gets offers from different people to try to get the highest price
bargain (verb) - when the buyer tries to negotiate a lower price (also “haggle”)
	(noun) - a good price on something
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Choose one thing that you have with you now (not your phone), which you will try to sell to your classmates.
Talk to at least three people and try to find the best price to sell your item. (If you’re trying to buy something, try to negotiate a lower price.)

To sell for a higher price, what techniques did you use?
- emphasize the quality of the product
- it’s original
- handmade, unique (or limited)
- say there are other people willing to pay a higher price

To bargain for a lower price, what techniques did you use?
- point out that it’s been used and isn’t in perfect condition
- compare to other prices or to a new one
- say you have a limited amount of cash (and offer to pay right now in cash)
- walk away (or threaten to walk away)
- try to get sympathy for how poor you are
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p. 113 - eBay ad
part 1 - Why should you include this information in an ebay ad? Where is the information in the ad for the rug on this page?
To sell to local people, craigslist is a better option.
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part 3a - Which information in the ad is irrelevant or unnecessary?
It was a gift from my parents.
Selling because we’re moving to a new house and are changing the color scheme.
New house is in the country so we are going to have rustic themed decor.
3b - Which of these sentences could be added to the ad? Where?
1 yes - after “used condition.”
2 no
3 yes - before or after “It has some marks...good condition.”
4 no
5 yes - after “Local pickup preferred.”
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p. 114-115 - Making a deal - What does the caption mean?
part 2 - Which of these things do you expect to see in the video?
part 3 - Watch and write the order you see them.
1 a metal table
2 caftans
3 dates and apricots
4 a man carrying vegetables
5 carpets
6 a donkey (or horse)
part 4 - Watch again and choose the correct options

One man says, “You want to buy a camel for the price of a donkey?”
What does this mean? What could you say in your country to give the same meaning?
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Homework: Write an ebay ad for the item you tried to sell in class today or another item you have now. (follow the instructions on p. 113 part 4 to write your ad; make sure it has all the necessary information)
	Also, do p. 122 parts 2, 5, 6 about the readings on p. 123