webinar-python-exam-review-2021-06-19

# webinar review 06/19/21

# Ch 8, 9, 11 and 12 end of chapter are critical

# Be able to recognize and use common data types and modules
# integers
# floats
# strings # str
# lists
# dictionaries
# sets
# tuples
# # modules
# math
# random
# datetime
# os
# calendar
# pandas

# operators
# +
# -
# *
# /
# // # floor division
# % # modulus

# What's 42 oz in pounds and ounces
# print(42 // 16) # pounds
# print(42 % 16) # oz left over

# = # assignment
# == # "equality operator" ... that's asking IF they're conditions

# ** # raise to a power
# += # increment, x += 1 is the same as x = x + 1
# -= # decrement
# != # asking if 2 things are not equal
# not
# in # if __ in ___
# <
# >
# <=
# >=

# FUNCTIONS
# defining vs calling
# parameters vs arguments
# parameters are not like other vars # don't do this: x = 5
# return vs print()
# if you None in output, you printed on a return question
# methods of a type are themselves functions

# CONDITIONALS: IF and IF/ELSE and IF/ELIF/ELSE

# LOOPS
# WHILE - basically IF that repeats
# FOR - really made to do something a NUMBER of times, or to LOOP over a CONTAINER
# for __ in ___:
# for item in myList:

# Be able to SLICE with STRINGS and LISTS

# BUILDING UP LARGER STRINGS
x = "Sue"
greeting = "How do you do?"
# myString = "My name is " + str(x) + ". " + greeting
# myString = "My name is %s. %s" % (x, greeting)
myString = "My name is {}. {}".format(x, greeting) # this the best way
print(myString)

# STRING METHODS
# myString.replace()
# myString.format()
# myString.count()
# myString.join(someList) # --> ", ".join(someList)
# myString.split()
# myString.upper()
# myString.lower()
# myString.title()
# myString.capitalize()
# myString.isupper()
# myString.islower()
# myString.title()
# myString.index()
# myString.strip() --> lstrip() and rstrip()
# myString.find() # --> returns the first index where it sees the substring
myList = ["Agent Scully", "Agent Mulder", "Walter Skinner", "CSM", "Mr. X"] # X-Files characters
# myString =" --> ".join(myList)
print(myString[4].islower())

# LIST METHODS
# myList.append()
# myList.insert()
# myList.extend()
# myList.remove() # by value
# myList.pop() # by index
# myList.count()
# myList.index()
# myList.sort(reverse=False)
# myList.reverse()
# myList.copy()
# myList.clear()

# DICTIONARIES
# someDictionary[key] # --> retrieve the value for that key
# someDictionary[key] = newValue
scoobies = {
    "Scooby": "a blue collar",
    "Shaggy": "green",
    "Velma": "orange",
    "Daphne": "purple",
    "Fred": "an ascot"
}
scoobies["Scooby Dumb"] = "a red collar"
scoobies["Scrappy"] = "a blue collar"
for key in scoobies:
    print("{} always wears {}.".format(key, scoobies[key]))

# SET {} METHODS
# mySet.add() # not append()
# mySet.remove()
# mySet.discard()
# SETS have only unique values, no duplicates. They have NO ORDER.

# TUPLES ( )
# are so immutable they don't even have many methods

# MODULES

# # MATH METHODS and PROPERTIES
# math.e
# math.pi
# math.sqrt()
# math.pow() # not to be confused with math.exp()
# math.ceil() # always round UP
# math.floor() # always round DOWN... see Built-In Function round()
#
# # RANDOM METHODS
# random.random()
# random.choice()
# random.randint() # randInt is INCLUSIVE of the stop number
# random.randrange() # randrangE is "normal" and EXCLUDES the stop

# DATETIME
import datetime
print(dir(datetime))
# focus on
# datetime.datetime # combo of .date and .time, represent a point in time
# datetime.timedelta # represents a delta or difference in time
#
# datetime.datetime(year, month, day)
# datetime.datetime.today()
# datetime.datetime.now()
# datetime.datetime.day
# datetime.datetime.month
# datetime.datetime.year

dd = datetime.datetime.today()
td = datetime.timedelta(weeks = 4)
print(td.total_seconds())
print(dd + td)

# OS
import os
# os.getcwd()
# os.listdir()
# os.path # a type within os
# os.path.basename()
# os.path.dirname()
# os.path.isfile()
# os.path.isdir()

# TYPES OF IMPORT STATEMENT
# regular...
# import os # os.getcwd()
# # partial
# from math import ceil # ceil() not math.ceil()
# from os import path # path not os.path
# # alias
# import datetime as  # d.date.today()
# import math as m # m.e, m.pow()

# BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS
# len()
# max()
# min()
# sum()
# round()
# range()
# for n in range(0, 5):
#     print(n)
# for i in range(len(myList)):
#     print(i, myList[i])
# list()
# str()
# int()
# float()
# dict()
# str()
# tuple()
# set()
# enumerate()
# for i, item in enumerate(myList):
#     print(i, "-->", item)
# help()
# dir() # print(dir())
# type()
print(type(myList))

import random
# random.randint() vs random.randrange()
# If I know I want a random number between 0 and 50
print(random.randint(0, 50)) # random.randrange(0, 51)

for n in range(1000):
    print(random.randint(0, 50)) # Make sure I see 0 to 50, including 50, and nothing else