a. HIPAA / NIST-800 / PCI-DSS / DMCA

HIPAA - Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, 1996, The main drive of this act was meant to provide Americans with the ability to stay insured as they shifted out of one job and into another. According to the State of California Health Care Services, the act also included provisions for new standards in electronic billing and the confidential handling of private health information.
2015 The healthcare industry has been hit hard by HIPAA breaches in recent months, with February’s data breach at Anthem the largest to date; however news has just broken that another insurer, Premera Blue Cross, has also been hit by hackers, in what has been described as the largest ever breach of healthcare information.
This successful hack potentially compromised the records of up to 11 million individuals. (The Anthem data breach of last month was the largest HIPAA breach ever recorded, although no health information was obtained by hackers in that incident.)