2015-09-19 Saturday: 8 Weird news

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
“2015-09-12 Saturday: 8 Weird News”
This is the same level and book as the “Core” class.
---
Homework:
- read the article on p. 87 and do parts 2, 3, 4, 5 on p. 86
- follow the instructions on p. 89 (parts 7, 8, 9) to write a description of your own neighborhood or another one you know
Optional: do the grammar exercises that we skipped, as well as the practice on p. 165
---
p. 86
part 2 - c
part 3
a paragraph 3
b par 2 and 3
c 5
d 4
part 4
1 They are graceful; they parade through the town on holidays.
2 It is large and elegant with fountains and stone benches.
3 It’s small and immaculate.
4 It’s a place where men go to swap stories and have a drink.
part 5
1 a town where coffee is the principal industry
2 respectful and polite behavior
3 water that comes from pipes in the house
4 the man she fell in love with and spent most of her life with
5 islands where the people’s ancestors came from
6 to share and exchange stories
7 the news traveled fast between people / the information was quickly known by everyone
8 an art that used to be popular but now almost no one remembers how to do it (or how to do it well)
---
Wordbuilding: verb+ing = adjective
surrounding streets = streets that surround something
running water = water that “runs” (= comes from pipes in your house)
a boring movie = a movie that bores someone
a surprising movie = a movie that surprises someone
(a surprised person = a person that is surprised by something)
---
p. 93 - Do you think the picture is real? Why or why not?
part 3 - have you ever been tricked by something fake? How can you tell if these things are fake?
---
p. 94 part 1 - what are the things in the pictures? What do you know about the aurora borealis?
part 2 - with a partner, use the words in the box to complete the sentences
1 nitrogen, oxygen, atmosphere
2 flies, butterflies, insects
3 radiation
4 ants, beetles
5 stem
6 particles
7 predators, species
8 spikes
(pine needles, rose thorns, cactus spines/needles)
Do you have any new guesses about the pictures, based on the vocabulary?
---
https://books.google.com/ngrams - type 1-10 words or phrases to see how common they are over time in books
---
p. 94 part 4 - listen to the descriptions of the pictures and decide if the statements are true or false
(text is on p. 178)
---
p. 95 part 6
The colors are so vivid that you think they can’t be natural.
= You think it’s impossible that they are natural.

You imagine that they must be man-made.
= You believe strongly that they are man-made. / This is the only explanation that makes sense to you.

This might be a painting or a work of art.
= It’s possible that it’s a painting.
It may not seem logical, but there are indeed plants that catch insects.
= It possibly doesn’t seem logical.
---
[modal] + base form
[modal] + be + verb+ing

If someone walks into a building and is very wet and has an umbrella, it must be raining right now.

You must study a lot if you want to get good grades. (= obligation)
You must study a lot because you always get good grades. (= conclusion)

She can’t be home right now because they are fumigating her apartment. (= prohibition / no permission)
She can’t be home right now because she only left here two minutes ago. (= conclusion about impossibility)

Where is she? She might/could/may be at home. (= it’s one possibility)
Why isn’t she answering? She might/may not be at home. (= it’s a possible explanation)
---
p. 95 part 8 - cross out the options that DON’T make sense (in some sentences both are okay)
1 can’t be
2 (both are correct)
3 (both are correct)
4 can’t mean
5 may be (It’s not possible that instinct is the whole story, because following a plane is not instinct.)
---
p. 95 part 9
1 c (look as though + sentence)
2 d (look + adjective = appear + adjective)
3 b (look like + noun = look similar to + noun = appear similar to + noun)
4 a (look + adverb = the action that you do with your eyes)
(Informally, we can use “look like” with a sentence: The sky looks like it’s on fire.)
part 10
1 look
2 looks like
3 looks as though (or “looks like”)
4 look
5 look as though (or “look like”)
6 look
---
BREAK
---
look, sound, feel, taste, smell, seem - with “like” or “as though” + sentence, with “like” + noun, and with adjective

look, feel, taste, smell - these are what you do with your body, so they can also go with adverbs
sound is only what the object does, with your ears you hear or listen
(With your eyes, you can look, watch, or see.)
---
hear/see = not paying attention
listen/look/watch = yes paying attention
look at = pay attention to notice the appearance of something
watch = pay attention to notice the actions of something (you watch to learn what happens)
---
p. 96-97 - do you know anything about what is in the picture? How do you think they were made?
part 1 - complete the sentences with words from the box, and then ask your partner the questions
1 ancient (= very old, but part of history)
2 period
3 prehistoric (= before history, before details about who lived there and what they did)
4 century
5 sacred
6 society
tradition = an activity that people have done for a long time
belief = something a person believes
---
Wordbuilding: noun -> adjective
religion -> religious
mystery - mysterious
danger - dangerous

tradition -> traditional
astronomy - astronomical
music - musical
nature - natural
---
nature - natural
volcano - volcanic
grave - gravity
nation - national

meter - metric
serene - serenity
receive - reception

drive - driven
collide - collision
crime - criminal

evoke - evocative
code - codify
joke - jocular

resume - resumption
seduce - seduction
numeral - number

curious - curiosity

pronounce - pronunciation
---
Read the article about the Nazca lines.

The Nazca people couldn’t have seen them from above.
The lines must have been part of an astronomical calendar.
They might have been ancient Inca roads or irrigation systems.
They could have been landing strips for alien spacecraft.
Water must have had an incredible significance.
This must have seemed an astonishing phenomenon.
The same group of people can’t have created them.
The Nazca lines may have been part of a long tradition.
---
These modals have the same meanings when they’re about the past:

must have = I’m pretty sure it’s true.
must not have = I’m pretty sure it’s not true.

may/might/could have = It possibly happened.
may/might not have = It possibly didn’t happen.

can’t/couldn’t have = I think it’s impossible that it happened.
---
[modal] + have + past participle (sometimes called “modal perfect” or “perfect modals”)
---
p. 97 part 8 - use one of the words in parentheses to rewrite the sentences using perfect modals
1 Water can’t have been easy to find.
2 The rivers might have dried up.
3 The lines must have been very important.
4 The lines may have had a religious significance.
5 The animal drawings couldn’t have been roads.
6 The animals must have lived in the region.
7 The Nazca people could have used simple tools.
8 The people must have maintained the lines carefully.
---
part 10 - if you found (two of) these things in an archaeological site, what guesses and conclusions could you make about the people who used to live there?
---
p. 99 - What do you know about Amelia Earhart?
Narcos - Netflix series about Pablo Escobar and the drug war in Colombia
---
Additional vocabulary for the test is on p. 98 part 4, p. 100 part 3, p. 101 part 3
(We can also say “come off it” if we think someone is lying to us.)
---
Homework: units 7 and 8 tests (you DON’T need to do parts 8b or 9 on either test - writing and speaking)