I=[1    0   0   1   0   1   0   1   0
       0    0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
       0    1   0   0   1   0   0   1   0
       1    0   1   1   0   1   0   1   0
       0    0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
       1    0   0   0   1   0   1   0   0
       0    0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0
       1    0   1   0   0   0   0   0   1
       0    0   1   0   0   0   0   1   0]

p=[1    0   NaN NaN 1   NaN NaN NaN NaN]

A=randi(10,[11 12 13]); %%% your matrix
p=[2;3;4]; %%% your pattern

m=cell(1,numel(p));
% for each element of the pattern
for i=1:numel(p)
  % find the element of A matching the i-th element of p
  m{i}=find(A==p(i));
  % convert to indices
  [x y z]=ind2sub(size(A),m{i});
  m{i}=[x y z];
  % convert to the position of the first element of the pattern
  m{i}(:,1)=m{i}(:,1)-(i-1);
  % remove when it goes below zero
  m{i}(m{i}(:,1)<=0,:)=[];
end

% accumulate everything to find out where all the elements of the pattern match
numberOfMatching=accumarray(vertcat(m{:}),1,size(A));
fullMatchingIndices=find(numberOfMatching==numel(p));
% convert to sub=indices
[x y z]=ind2sub(size(A),fullMatchingIndices);
finalIndices=[x y z];

% check the result
if ~isempty(finalIndices)
  A(finalIndices(1,1)+(0:numel(p)-1),finalIndices(1,2),finalIndices(1,3))
end

ans =
     2
     3
     4

C = convn(data,pattern,'same');