2017-09-01 TOEFL: medicine vocab, int writing

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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https://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-science-of-smog-kim-preshoff
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On the handout, find the words in each pair of sentences that have the given meanings.
1 interpret (interpretation, interpreter, interpretive)
2 anesthesia (anesthetic, anesthesiologist, anesthesiology)
3 procedure (procedural)
4 monitor
5 surgery (surgeon)
6 neurology (neurologist, neurological)
7 side-effect
8 disorder (disorderly, disordered)
9 prevent (prevention, preventative/preventive)
10 symptom (symptomatic, asymptomatic)
11 virus (viral, virology) [I would normally consider “germ” to mean bacteria, not virus.]
12 hygiene (hygienic)
13 infection (infect, infected, infectious)
14 prescribe (prescription)
15 perception (perceive, perceptive, perceptible) [A specifically negative attitude is a stigma.]
16 advance (advanced)
17 treatment
18 diagnose (diagnosis, diagnostic)
19 persist (persistant)
20 modification (modify, modified, modifier)
21 antibiotic
22 bacterial (bacterium/bacteria)
23 beneficial (benefit, beneficiary, benefactor)
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Handout (Collins) p. 29 part A - match the terms with examples
1 d
2 c
3 g
4 e
5 a
6 b (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
7 f
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part B - Choose the correct word to complete each sentence.
1 b
2 a
3 b
4 c
5 a
6 c
7 b
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part C - Use the correct form of words from the list to replace the italic words in these sentences.
1 a persistant
  b bacteria
  c antibiotics
2 a interpret
  b diagnose
  c prescribe
3 a Advances
  b procedures
  c infection
4 a monitor
  b side effects
  c modify
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BREAK
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p. 30-31 - Take 5 minutes to read the passage and answer the questions.
1 c (Invasive procedures are characteristic of traditional surgery, and the paragraph contrasts that with minimally-invasive or non-invasive modern surgery.)
2 a
3 b
4 a
5 a
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Integrated Writing:
- 3 minutes to read a passage about some topic
- listen to a lecture about the same topic
- 20 minutes to write about how the points from the lecture relate to points from the reading passage
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Take 3 minutes to read about R. robustus on the screen (from volume 2 of ETS past tests)
main idea from the reading: R. robustus was not a hunter of dinosaurs, but scavenged and ate their eggs
first point: mammal was smaller than the type of dinosaur found in one fossil’s stomach, so it didn’t hunt and catch full-grown dinosaurs
second point: shorter legs to the side weren’t good for running and hunting
third point: no teeth marks on the bones of the dinosaur in its stomach, suggesting it ate an egg, not a dinosaur
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"Summarize the points made in the lecture, being sure to explain how they respond to the specific points made in the reading passage."
- “respond to” and “addresses” often mean the lecture contradicts the reading passage
Without doing the listening, what are some possible points you could expect it to make?
main idea: robustus was a hunter, not a scavenger
point 1: it could have hunted and caught baby dinosaurs
point 2: Tasmanian devil is another short-legged mammal that is a hunter
point 3: it could have swallowed a baby dinosaur whole just as easily as an egg
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The lecture often makes the point that the evidence presented in the reading is not as strong as the reading makes it seem. (It doesn’t necessarily make the completely opposite point.)
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Your response should typically have four parts:
- Introduction: Summarize the main ideas of each passage and explain how they relate.
- First points: Summarize the first point from the lecture and explain which point from the reading it relates to (and how).
- Second points: Summarize the second point from the lecture and explain which point from the reading it relates to (and how).
- Third points: Summarize the third point from the lecture and explain which point from the reading it relates to (and how).
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There are a few sets of useful language for this response:
1) Citation language - to explain where each piece of information comes from
	- According to the text / The author says / The reading argues / The passage states
	- According to the lecture / The professor/speaker says / The listening argues
2) Contrast language - to explain how the points from the lecture contradict the passage
	- In contrast, / However, / On the other hand,
	- This opposes/contradicts/casts doubt on/challenges/questions the point from the reading that…
3) Support language - to explain how the points from the lecture support or illustrate points in the text
	- Similarly, / In the same way,
	- This supports/illustrates/exemplifies what the text says about…
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Read and listen to the passages for ETS past tests, test 4.
Homework: write a response to this integrated writing task (details were emailed to you)