Science Summary - 2022, December

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------------------------------------- December 2022 -------------------------------------

Image: https://imgur.com/gallery/XCUSDX2

Monthly newsletter: https://mailchi.mp/359cae84aa22/science_summary

----------------- Selection -----------------

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_in_science

Items which I added to the Wikipedia list are marked with a star (*).
Some more relevant information can be found on at WP:Talk:2020_in_science.

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* Cold exposure & immunity
https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaci.2022.09.037

* Seabed harvesting
https://newatlas.com/marine/seabed-mining-robot-impossible-metals/

* Water capture
https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41598-022-24314-2

* Biosafety
https://fsi.stanford.edu/news/stanford-researchers-recommend-stronger-oversight-risky-research-pathogens

* Advice analysis
https://doi.org/10.1093%2Ffampra%2Fcmac137

* COVID-19 deaths
https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41586-022-05522-2

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* Antimicrobial resistance
https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41467-022-34312-7

* Supplements review
https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jacc.2022.09.048

* Health/eco-economics x 4
https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS2214-109X%2822%2900464-8
https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjamainternmed.2022.5618
https://doi.org/10.1289%2FEHP10947
https://doi.org/10.1001%2Fjamanetworkopen.2022.48320

* Liver-chips
https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs43856-022-00209-1

* Interstellar probe
https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS1473550422000428

Oldest DNA
https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41586-022-05453-y

* Provora
https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41586-022-05511-5

* Alzheimer's blood test x 2
https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.2213157119
https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fbrain%2Fawac407

* Anti-Aging x 2
https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs43587-022-00317-6
https://edition.cnn.com/2022/12/05/health/dementia-ultraprocessed-food-wellness/index.html

Fusion power
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-63950962

* Exercise motivation
https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41586-022-05525-z

* Nature experience
https://doi.org/10.1002%2Ffee.2540

* Therapeutic candidates
https://doi.org/10.1056%2FNEJMoa2204591
https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.add6502
https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.chempr.2022.11.019
https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs43018-022-00500-z

Text-to-3D
https://techcrunch.com/2022/12/20/openai-releases-point-e-an-ai-that-generates-3d-models/

* Climate cascades
https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41558-022-01545-9

* Battery charging
https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.joule.2022.12.001

* Organoid
https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41467-022-35536-3

Virivore
https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.2215000120

------------------ Not included ------------------

17 items


Most/all would have been included if there was more space (10-11):

- * The WHO's fifth GLASS report summarizes 2020 data on inter-national AMR, including various new features and an interactive dashboard.

- Scientists report the measurement of the highest toughness ever recorded, of any material, while investigating a metallic alloy made of chromium, cobalt, and nickel.

- * Chemical engineers report a method to substantially increase conversion efficiency and reduce material costs of green hydrogen production by using sound waves during electrolysis.

- * Scientists report that sphingolipids accumulate in muscle during aging whose genetic inhibition or ceramide-blockers such as myriocin could counteract, reducing associated muscle loss.

- * By stimulating (or charging) genetically engineered roundworm mitochondria with light, researchers show that halting the decline in mitochondrial membrane potential can slow aging.

- * Researchers report the development of 3D-printed flexible paper-thin organic photovoltaics.

- COVID-19 pandemic: A study finds that the BQ and XBB subvariants of SARS-CoV-2 are "barely susceptible to neutralization" by vaccines, including the new Omicron boosters. Key antibody drugs, Evusheld and bebtelovimab, are "completely inactive" against the new subvariants. This could result in a surge of breakthrough infections and reinfections, according to the study team, although the vaccines hold up against severe disease.

- * A microbiome-wide association study associates thirteen microbial taxa with depressive symptoms.

- * Scientists report that and how – including transfer of mobile genetic elements and infant diet – the maternal microbiome shapes offspring gut microbiomes as fetus and infant.

- * A university reports on the first study (25 Oct) of the new privacy-intrusion Web tracking technique of "UID smuggling" by the ad industry, which finds it to be prevalent and largely not mitigated by latest protection tools – such as Firefox's tracking protection and uBlock Origin – and contributes to countermeasures

- A new world record solar cell efficiency for a silicon-perovskite tandem solar cell is achieved, with scientists in Germany converting 32.5% of sunlight into electrical energy.


Most/all are unlikely to be included as category-2 items (6):

- Astronomers using the James Webb Space Telescope report viewing clouds, likely made of methane, moving across Saturn's moon Titan.

- Construction begins on the Square Kilometer Array, the largest telescope in history.

- Scientists at the describe a new method to break up so-called "forever chemicals" by infusing contaminated water with hydrogen, then blasting it with high-energy, short-wavelength ultraviolet light.

- The Newborn Genomes Programme is announced by the UK government. It will conduct whole genome sequencing of 100,000 newborns, the largest study of its kind in the world, to aid research into the diagnosis and treatment of rare genetic conditions.

- Astronomers find that a pair of exoplanets orbiting the red dwarf star Kepler-138 are likely to be water worlds.

- News reports about the development (22 Oct) in China of an edible, plant-based ink derived from food waste, which could be used in 3D printing of scaffolds to reduce the cost of cultured meat.