змейка2

from random import randint

import pygame


pygame.init()

# Константы для размеров поля и сетки:
SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT = 640, 480
GRID_SIZE = 20
GRID_WIDTH = SCREEN_WIDTH // GRID_SIZE
GRID_HEIGHT = SCREEN_HEIGHT // GRID_SIZE

# Направления движения:
UP = (0, -1)
DOWN = (0, 1)
LEFT = (-1, 0)
RIGHT = (1, 0)

# Цвет фона - черный:
BOARD_BACKGROUND_COLOR = (0, 0, 0)

# Цвет границы ячейки
BORDER_COLOR = (93, 216, 228)

# Цвет яблока
APPLE_COLOR = (255, 0, 2)

# Цвет змейки
SNAKE_COLOR = (111, 111, 111)

# Скорость движения змейки:
SPEED = 20

# Настройка игрового окна:
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT), 0, 32)

# Заголовок окна игрового поля:
pygame.display.set_caption('Змейка')

# Настройка времени:
clock = pygame.time.Clock()


class GameObject:
    """Базовый класс."""

    def __init__(self):
        """Метод инициализации."""
        self.body_color = None
        self.position = [SCREEN_WIDTH // 2, SCREEN_HEIGHT // 2]

    def draw(self):
        """Метод отрисовки."""
        raise NotImplementedError


class Snake(GameObject):
    """Класс змейки."""

    def __init__(self):
        """Метод инициализации."""
        super().__init__()
        self.positions = [self.position]
        self.reset()

    def update_direction(self):
        """Метод обновления метонахождения змейки."""
        if self.next_direction is not None:
            if self.next_direction == UP and self.direction != DOWN:
                self.direction = UP
            if self.next_direction == DOWN and self.direction != UP:
                self.direction = DOWN
            if self.next_direction == LEFT and self.direction != RIGHT:
                self.direction = LEFT
            if self.next_direction == RIGHT and self.direction != LEFT:
                self.direction = RIGHT
            self.next_direction = None

    def move(self):
        """Метод движения."""
        head_position = list(self.get_head_position())
        head_position[0] += self.direction[0] * GRID_SIZE
        head_position[1] += self.direction[1] * GRID_SIZE

        head_position[0] = head_position[0] % SCREEN_WIDTH
        head_position[1] = head_position[1] % SCREEN_HEIGHT

        self.positions.insert(0, head_position)
        if len(self.positions) > self.length:
            self.positions.pop()

    def draw(self):
        """Метод отрисовки."""
        for pos in self.positions:
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.body_color, pygame.Rect(pos[0],
                                                                  pos[1],
                                                                  GRID_SIZE,
                                                                  GRID_SIZE))

    def get_head_position(self):
        """Метод расположения головы."""
        return self.positions[0]

    def reset(self):
        """Метод сброса."""
        self.length = 1
        self.positions = [self.position]
        self.direction = RIGHT
        self.next_direction = None
        self.body_color = SNAKE_COLOR


class Apple(GameObject):
    """Класс яблока."""

    def __init__(self, snake=None):
        """Метод инициализации."""
        super().__init__()
        self.body_color = APPLE_COLOR
        self.randomize_position(snake)

    def randomize_position(self, snake=None):
        """Метод случайного появления яблока."""
        self.position = [randint(1, GRID_WIDTH - 1) * GRID_SIZE,
                            randint(1, GRID_HEIGHT - 1) * GRID_SIZE]
        if snake and self.position not in snake.positions:
            return

    def draw(self):
        """Метод отрисовки."""
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.body_color, pygame.Rect(self.position[0],
                                                              self.position[1],
                                                              GRID_SIZE,
                                                              GRID_SIZE))


def handle_keys(snake):
    """Метод привязки движения."""
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                snake.next_direction = UP
            elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                snake.next_direction = DOWN
            elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                snake.next_direction = LEFT
            elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                snake.next_direction = RIGHT


def main():
    """Основная функция игры."""
    snake = Snake()
    apple = Apple(snake)

    while True:
        handle_keys(snake)
        snake.update_direction()
        snake.move()

        if snake.get_head_position() == apple.position:
            apple.randomize_position(snake)
            snake.length += 1

        for position in snake.positions[1:]:
            if snake.get_head_position() == position:
                snake.reset()

        screen.fill(BOARD_BACKGROUND_COLOR)
        snake.draw()
        apple.draw()
        pygame.display.update()
        clock.tick(SPEED)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()