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- Republic of Kazakhstan
- Anthem: Anthem of the Republic of Kazakhstan
- Capital: Astana
- Largest city: Almaty
- Official languages
- Kazakh (official state language)
- Russian (co-official)
- Official scripts: Cyrillic, Latin
- Ethnic groups (2020)
- 68.5% Kazakh
- 18.9% Russian
- 3.3% Uzbek
- 1.5% Uyghur
- 1.4% Ukrainian
- 1.1% Tatar
- 1.0% German
- 4.5% Others
- Religion
- 70.2% Muslims
- 26.3% Christians
- 3.5% others
- Demonym(s): Kazakhstani
- Government: Unitary presidential constitutional republic
- • President
- Amirjan Qosanov
- • Prime Minister
- Azat Peruashev
- • Chair of the Senate
- Azhar Sagandykova
- • Chairman of the Mazhilis
- Aidar Alibaev
- Legislature: Parliament
- • Upper house
- Senate (47; OSDP 31, Ak Zhol 5, Nur Otan 3, Auyl 1, Independent 7)
- • Lower house
- Mazhilis (177; OSDP 98, Ak Zhol 42, Nur Otan 23, Auyl 11, Independent 3)
- Formation
- • Kazakh Khanate
- 1465
- • Alash Autonomy
- 13 December 1917
- • Kirghiz ASSR
- 26 August 1920
- • Kazakh ASSR
- 19 June 1925
- • Kazakh SSR
- 5 December 1936
- • Declared Sovereignty
- 25 October 1990
- • Reconstituted as the Republic of Kazakhstan
- 10 December 1991
- • Declared Independence from the USSR
- 16 December 1991
- • CIS Accession
- 21 December 1991
- • Recognized
- 26 December 1991
- • Admitted to the United Nations
- 2 March 1992
- • Current constitution
- 30 August 1995
- Area
- • Total
- 2,724,900 km2 (1,052,100 sq mi) (9th)
- • Water (%)
- 1.7
- Population
- • 2020 estimate
- 18,711,200
- • Density
- 7/km2 (18.1/sq mi)
- GDP (PPP) 2020 estimate
- • Total
- Increase $569.813 billion
- • Per capita
- Increase $30,178
- GDP (nominal) 2020 estimate
- • Total
- Increase $179.332 billion
- • Per capita
- Increase $9,686
- Gini (2017) Negative increase 27.5
- low
- HDI (2019) Increase 0.817
- very high · 50th
- Currency Tenge (₸) (KZT)
- Time zone UTC+5 / +6 (West / East)
- Driving side right
- Calling code +7-6xx, +7-7xx
- ISO 3166 code KZ
- Internet TLD .kz
- Kazakhstan is a transcontinental country mainly located in Central Asia with a smaller portion west of the Ural in Eastern Europe. It is the world's largest landlocked country, and the ninth-largest country in the world, with an area of 2,724,900 square kilometres (1,052,100 sq mi). Kazakhstan is the most dominant nation of Central Asia economically, generating 60% of the region's GDP, primarily through its oil and gas industry. It also has vast mineral resources.
- Kazakhstan is officially a democratic, secular, unitary, constitutional republic with a diverse cultural heritage. Kazakhstan shares borders with Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, and also adjoins a large part of the Caspian Sea. It does not border Mongolia, although they are only 37 kilometers apart. The terrain of Kazakhstan includes flatlands, steppe, taiga, rock canyons, hills, deltas, snow-capped mountains, and deserts. Kazakhstan has an estimated 18.7 million people as of 2020. Its population density is among the lowest, at less than 6 people per square kilometre (15 people per sq mi). Since 1997, the capital is Astana. It was moved from Almaty, the country's largest city.
- Kazakhstan was the last of the Soviet republics to declare independence during the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. In the 21st century, Kazakhstan has worked to develop its economy, especially its dominant hydrocarbon industry.
- According to the 2009 census, Kazakhstan's 131 ethnicities include Kazakhs (65.5% of the population), Russians, Uzbeks, Ukrainians, Germans, Tatars, and Uyghurs. Per 2009 census, Islam is the religion of about 70% of the population, with Christianity practised by 26%. Kazakhstan officially allows freedom of religion.
- The Kazakh language is the state language, and Russian has equal official status for all levels of administrative and institutional purposes. Kazakhstan is a member of the United Nations (UN), WTO, CIS, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), the Eurasian Economic Union, CSTO, OSCE, OIC, CCTS, and TURKSOY.
- Kazakhstan is divided into 14 regions. The regions are further subdivided into districts. Four cities, Baikonur, Shymkent, the largest city Almaty, and the capital Astana are not part of the regions they are surrounded by.
- Regions:
- Akmola Region Kokshetau
- Aktobe Region Aktobe
- Almaty Region Taldykorgan
- Atyrau Region Atyrau
- East Kazakhstan Region Oskemen
- Jambyl Region Taraz
- Karaganda Region Karaganda
- Kostanay Region Kostanay
- Kyzylorda Region Kyzylorda
- Mangystau Region Aktau
- North Kazakhstan Region Petropavl
- Pavlodar Region Pavlodar
- Turkistan Region Turkistan
- West Kazakhstan Region Oral
- Almaty
- Astana
- Baikonur
- Shymkent
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