Victorian Summer

American Duchess Blog. “Fabrics for the 18th Century and Beyond,” November 10, 2022. https://blog.americanduchess.com/2021/06/fabrics-for-the-18th-century-and-beyond.html.

Ferryfarmandkenmore. “‘The Heat Is Beyond Your Conception:’ Staying Cool in 18th-Century Virginia.” Lives  & Legacies, August 31, 2017. https://livesandlegaciesblog.org/2017/08/31/the-heat-is-beyond-your-conception-staying-cool-in-18th-century-virginia/.

History, Backyard. “Beating the Heat: How Did People Used to Stay Cool in the Summer?” Backyard History, n.d. https://backyardhistory.ca/long-reads/f/beating-the-heat-how-did-people-used-to-stay-cool-in-the-summer.

Matthews, Mimi. “Fashion and Beauty Essentials for a 19th Century Summer Holiday.” Mimi Matthews (blog), July 14, 2021. https://www.mimimatthews.com/2016/08/15/fashion-and-beauty-essentials-for-a-19th-century-summer-holiday/.

Oshawahistoricalsociety, Author. “Staying Cool: The Way the Victorians Did!” Oshawa Museum Blog, February 6, 2025. https://oshawamuseum.wordpress.com/2023/05/26/staying-cool-the-way-the-victorians-did/.

Payne. “Food For Hot Weather.” Cassell’s Family Magazine, season-02 1875.

Roberts, Ben. “Heatwaves: five reasons why Victorian houses are cooler than modern buildings.” The Conversation, June 19, 2026. https://doi.org/10.64628/ab.adtjmf7rn.

Spellen, Suzanne. “How The Victorians Kept It Cool Inside During a Brooklyn Summer.” Brownstoner, May 7, 2024. https://www.brownstoner.com/architecture/brooklyn-history-summer-heat-awnings-shutters-fans-air-conditioning-cooling-temperature-reducing-tips/.

Stalker, Kate. “Wool Wonders: The Science Behind How Wool Keeps Us Warm and Cool.” OUBAS, August 16, 2023. https://www.oubasknitwear.co.uk/blogs/news/wool-wonders-the-science-behind-how-wool-keeps-us-warm-and-cool.

Internet Archive. “The Art of Dressing Well : Frost, S. Annie (Sarah Annie) : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive,” 1870. https://archive.org/details/artofdressingwel00fros/mode/2up.

Internet Archive. “Victorian Ices & Ice Cream : 117 Delicious and Unusual Recipes Updated for the Modern Kitchen : Original Recipes From the Book of Ices by A.B. Marshall, London, 1885 : Marshall, a. B. (Agnes B.) : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive,” 1984. https://archive.org/details/victorianicesice0000mars/page/n7/mode/2up.

Wikipedia contributors. “Ice Cream.” Wikipedia, July 19, 2026. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_cream.