Huawigae-Class Protected Cruiser, 1901 Refit [1887] (Taishe)

Huawigae-Class (1901 Refit), Taishe Dynasty Protected Cruiser laid down 1887

Displacement:
	8,472 t light; 9,000 t standard; 9,910 t normal; 10,638 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
	(410.11 ft / 393.70 ft) x 78.74 ft x (19.69 / 20.84 ft)
	(125.00 m / 120.00 m) x 24.00 m  x (6.00 / 6.35 m)

Armament:
      4 - 9.84" / 250 mm 50.0 cal guns - 504.70lbs / 228.93kg shells, 100 per gun
	  Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1898 Model
	  2 x Twin mounts on centreline, evenly spread
      6 - 5.91" / 150 mm 47.0 cal guns - 107.12lbs / 48.59kg shells, 200 per gun
	  Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1894 Model
	  6 x Single mounts on side ends, majority forward
      8 - 5.91" / 150 mm 47.0 cal guns - 107.12lbs / 48.59kg shells, 250 per gun
	  Quick firing guns in casemate mounts, 1894 Model
	  8 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
		8 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in heavy seas
      12 - 2.95" / 75.0 mm 45.0 cal guns - 12.99lbs / 5.89kg shells, 300 per gun
	  Quick firing guns in casemate mounts, 1894 Model
	  12 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
		12 raised mounts
      8 - 0.98" / 25.0 mm 55.0 cal guns - 0.51lbs / 0.23kg shells, 500 per gun
	  Quick firing guns in deck mounts, 1890 Model
	  8 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
		8 double raised mounts
      Weight of broadside 3,678 lbs / 1,669 kg
      Main Torpedoes
      4 - 15.0" / 380 mm, 6.56 ft / 2.00 m torpedoes - 0.097 t each, 0.390 t total
	submerged bow & stern tubes
      2nd Torpedoes
      8 - 15.0" / 380 mm, 6.56 ft / 2.00 m torpedoes - 0.097 t each, 0.779 t total
	below water reloads

Armour:
   - Belts:		Width (max)	Length (avg)		Height (avg)
	Ends:	Unarmoured

   - Torpedo Bulkhead - Strengthened structural bulkheads:
		0.98" / 25 mm	255.91 ft / 78.00 m	18.27 ft / 5.57 m
	Beam between torpedo bulkheads 52.49 ft / 16.00 m

   - Gun armour:	Face (max)	Other gunhouse (avg)	Barbette/hoist (max)
	Main:	12.6" / 320 mm	7.87" / 200 mm		7.87" / 200 mm
	2nd:	5.91" / 150 mm	5.91" / 150 mm		5.91" / 150 mm
	3rd:	2.95" / 75 mm	0.98" / 25 mm		2.95" / 75 mm
	4th:	0.98" / 25 mm	      -			2.95" / 75 mm

   - Protected deck - single deck:
	For and Aft decks: 3.94" / 100 mm
	Forecastle: 1.97" / 50 mm  Quarter deck: 1.97" / 50 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 14.17" / 360 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
	Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
	Direct drive, 2 shafts, 5,880 ihp / 4,386 Kw = 15.00 kts
	Range 5,000nm at 10.00 kts
	Bunker at max displacement = 1,638 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
	496 - 645

Cost:
	£0.777 million / $3.108 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
	Armament: 875 tons, 8.8 %
	   - Guns: 873 tons, 8.8 %
	   - Weapons: 2 tons, 0.0 %
	Armour: 2,794 tons, 28.2 %
	   - Torpedo bulkhead: 170 tons, 1.7 %
	   - Armament: 1,017 tons, 10.3 %
	   - Armour Deck: 1,466 tons, 14.8 %
	   - Conning Tower: 141 tons, 1.4 %
	Machinery: 1,119 tons, 11.3 %
	Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,583 tons, 36.2 %
	Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,438 tons, 14.5 %
	Miscellaneous weights: 100 tons, 1.0 %
	   - Above deck: 100 tons

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
	Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
	  17,088 lbs / 7,751 Kg = 37.5 x 9.8 " / 250 mm shells or 47.3 torpedoes
	Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.40
	Metacentric height 6.3 ft / 1.9 m
	Roll period: 13.2 seconds
	Steadiness	- As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 97 %
			- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.36
	Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.94

Hull form characteristics:
	Hull has a flush deck,
	  a ram bow and a cruiser stern
	Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.568 / 0.576
	Length to Beam Ratio: 5.00 : 1
	'Natural speed' for length: 19.84 kts
	Power going to wave formation at top speed: 38 %
	Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
	Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -6.00 degrees
	Stern overhang: 6.56 ft / 2.00 m
	Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
				Fore end,	 Aft end
	   - Forecastle:	20.00 %,  22.97 ft / 7.00 m,  19.69 ft / 6.00 m
	   - Forward deck:	30.00 %,  19.69 ft / 6.00 m,  16.40 ft / 5.00 m
	   - Aft deck:	35.00 %,  16.40 ft / 5.00 m,  16.40 ft / 5.00 m
	   - Quarter deck:	15.00 %,  16.40 ft / 5.00 m,  16.40 ft / 5.00 m
	   - Average freeboard:		17.81 ft / 5.43 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
	Space	- Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 102.6 %
		- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 145.1 %
	Waterplane Area: 22,011 Square feet or 2,045 Square metres
	Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 121 %
	Structure weight / hull surface area: 142 lbs/sq ft or 694 Kg/sq metre
	Hull strength (Relative):
		- Cross-sectional: 0.91
		- Longitudinal: 2.32
		- Overall: 1.00
	Adequate machinery, storage, compartmentation space
	Excellent accommodation and workspace room
	Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
	Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather