webinar-python-exam-review-2021-08-28

# webinar review 08/28/21

# Ch 8, 9, 11 and 12 end of chapter exercises are critical practice
# ... and they're structured like most exam questions! No accident!

# Be able to recognize and use common data types and modules
# integers... int
# floats
# strings... str
# lists
# dictionaries... dict
# sets
# tuples
# ## modules
# math
# random
# datetime
# calendar
# pandas # Ref List

# OPERATORS
# +
# -
# *
# /
# **
# % # whole number remainder... or "what didn't fit?"
# //
# How many pounds and ounces is 93 ounces?
print(93//16) # pounds
print(93%16) # oz left over
# = # assignment
# == # "equality operator" is asking a question
# += # x += 1 is the same x = x + 1
# -=
# !=
# <
# >
# <=
# >=
# not
# in
# and
# or

# CONTROL FLOW STRUCTURES

# FUNCTIONS
# defining vs calling
# parameters/arguments vs "regular" variables
# def myFunction(someList):
#   someList = [1, 2, 3] # don't do this!
# myFunction([4, 5, 6]) # the call provides an ARG to give the parameter a value
# myFunction([9, 7, 8])
# return vs print()
# methods are themselves functions

# IF... and IF/ELSE, IF/ELIF/ELSE

# LOOPS
# WHILE - an IF that repeats
# FOR - looping a number of times, matched to a container
# for ___ in ___:
# for item in myList:
# for char in myString:
# for key in aDictionary: # aDictionary[key] gets the value
#   value = aDictionary[key]
# for key, value in aDictionary.items():
for i in range(0, 5):
    print(i)
myTuple = ("Gilligan", "Castaway002", "red", "crew") # things about Gilligan
for item in myTuple:
    print(item)
for i in range(len(myTuple)):
    print(i, myTuple[i])
for i, item in enumerate(myTuple):
    print(i, item)

# IN
if "Gilligan" in myTuple: # x > 5
    print("Found him!")
print("Gilligan" in myTuple) # True
print("Skipper" in myTuple) # False

# BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS
# print()
# help()# help(str)
# dir() print(dir(str))
# input()
# len()
# sum()
# min()
# max()
# str()
# list()
# dict()
# int()
# float()
# tuple()
# range()
# type()    print(type(myTuple))
# enumerate()
# round() # its cousins are in math: math.floor() and math.ceil()
# sorted()
# reversed()

# STRING
## know how to slice strings and lists
myString = "Hello."
# myString.split() # returns a list (of smaller strings) from this string
# " ".join(someList)
# myString.format() # more on that later
# myString.find()
# myString.replace(oldSubStr, newSubStr) # also to remove
# myString.isupper()
# myString.islower()
# myString.istitle()
# myString.isalpha()
# myString.upper()
# myString.lower()
# myString.title()
# myString.capitalize()
# myString.count(subString)
# myString.index(subString)
# myString.strip() # has cousins lstrip(), rstrip()

# Building up larger strings...
x = "Sue"
greeting = "How do you do?"
# CONCATENATE with +
myString = "My name is " + str(x) + ". " + greeting
# DATA CONVERSION SPECIFIERS or "string modulo"
myString = "My name is %s. %s" % (x, greeting)
# the FORMAT method
myString = "My name is {}. {}".format(x, greeting)

y = 3.14159
print("Pi to 2 decimals is {:.2f}".format(y))
print(myString)

# SLICES
# Be able to slice like it's second nature

# LISTS
myList = ["Agent Scully", "Agent Mulder", "Walter Skinner", "CSM", "Mr. X"] # X-Files characters
# myList.append(newValue)
# myList.insert(i, newValue)
# myList.extend(anotherList)
# myList.remove(aValue)
# myList.pop() # also by index myList.pop(i)
# myList.count(someValue)
# myList.sort() # myList.sort(reverse=False)
# myList.reverse()
# myList.index()
# myList.copy()
# myList.clear()

# TUPLES
# so immutable we don't think about tuple methods

# DICTIONARIES
myDict = {
    "Scooby": "a blue collar",
    "Shaggy": "green",
    "Velma": "orange",
    "Daphne": "purple",
    "Fred": "an ascot"
}
# get the value
myDict["Scooby"] # "a blue collar"
myDict.get("Scooby") # "a blue collar"
myDict["Scooby"] = "a red collar"
myDict.update({"Scooby": "an orange collar"})
# for k in myDict: # value is myDict[k]
# for k, v in myDict.items() # if you really want 2 variables as you loop

# SETS
# mySet = {1, 2, 3} # all unique values, no order
# mySet.add(newValue)
# mySet.remove(aValue)
# mySet.discard(aValue)
# mySet.pop() # random


## MODULES
# MATH
import math
# math.sqrt()
# math.factorial()
# math.pow() # ** # not to be confused with math.exp()
# math.floor()
# math.ceil()
# math.e
# math.pi

# RANDOM
import random
# random.random() # random float b/n 0 and 1
# random.choice() # random item in a list
# random.randint(start, stop) # INCLUDES the stop number
# random.randrange(start,stop) # EXCLUDES the stop number

# CALENDAR
# import calendar
# calendar.isleap()
# calendar.weekday(y, m, d)
# calendar.day_name[]
# calendar.month_name[]

# DATETIME
import datetime
print(dir(datetime))
# focus on
# datetime.datetime # <-- contains datetime.date and datetime.time
# datetime.timedelta
dd = datetime.datetime(1971, 4, 3)
dd = datetime.datetime.today()
print(dd)
print(dd.year)
print(dd.month)
print(dd.day)
print(dd.hour)
# print(dir(datetime.datetime))

# datetime.timedelta
td = datetime.timedelta(days=10)
print("10 days from today is {}.".format(dd + td))
print(dir(datetime.timedelta))
print(td.total_seconds())

# OS
import os
# os.getcwd()
# os.listdir()
# os.path.dirname()
# os.path.basename()
# os.path.exists()
# os.path.isfile()
# os.path.isdir()

# IMPORT STATEMENTS
# make sure the way the object is referenced matches the import statement
# "normal" full import
import datetime # datetime.date.year
# PARTIAL IMPORT
from os import path # path.isdir() not os.path.isdir()
from math import ceil # ceil() not math.ceil()
# ALIAS IMPORT
import math as m # m.ceil() not math.ceil()


def myQuestionFunction(parameter1, parameter2):
    h = help(list)
    return h # return or print(), whichever questions says, HIT RUN
    # delete or comment out above afterward


# HTML is just strings!