Lai Liao-Class Armored Cruiser [1893] (Seondok)

Lai Liao-Class, Seondok County Armored Cruiser laid down 1893

Displacement:
	12,561 t light; 13,150 t standard; 14,152 t normal; 14,954 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
	(506.00 ft / 500.00 ft) x 60.00 ft x (30.00 / 31.34 ft)
	(154.23 m / 152.40 m) x 18.29 m  x (9.14 / 9.55 m)

Armament:
      4 - 9.40" / 239 mm 38.0 cal guns - 388.25lbs / 176.11kg shells, 120 per gun
	  Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1888 Model
	  2 x Twin mounts on centreline, evenly spread
      12 - 6.25" / 159 mm 42.0 cal guns - 118.37lbs / 53.69kg shells, 200 per gun
	  Breech loading guns in casemate mounts, 1892 Model
	  12 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
		12 hull mounts in casemates- Limited use in heavy seas
      12 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm 42.0 cal guns - 13.09lbs / 5.94kg shells, 300 per gun
	  Quick firing guns in deck mounts, 1890 Model
	  12 x Single mounts on sides, evenly spread
      32 - 1.25" / 31.8 mm 53.0 cal guns - 1.02lbs / 0.46kg shells, 1,000 per gun
	  Quick firing guns in deck mounts, 1887 Model
	  8 x Quad mounts on sides, evenly spread
		8 raised mounts
      Weight of broadside 3,163 lbs / 1,435 kg

Armour:
   - Belts:		Width (max)	Length (avg)		Height (avg)
	Main:	6.00" / 152 mm	470.00 ft / 143.26 m	9.30 ft / 2.83 m
	Ends:	2.00" / 51 mm	  30.00 ft / 9.14 m	9.30 ft / 2.83 m
	Upper:	4.00" / 102 mm	470.00 ft / 143.26 m	8.00 ft / 2.44 m
	  Main Belt covers 145 % of normal length

   - Torpedo Bulkhead - Strengthened structural bulkheads:
		1.00" / 25 mm	470.00 ft / 143.26 m	27.54 ft / 8.39 m
	Beam between torpedo bulkheads 58.00 ft / 17.68 m

   - Gun armour:	Face (max)	Other gunhouse (avg)	Barbette/hoist (max)
	Main:	9.00" / 229 mm	5.00" / 127 mm		5.00" / 127 mm
	2nd:	4.00" / 102 mm	1.00" / 25 mm		4.00" / 102 mm
	3rd:	1.00" / 25 mm	      -			      -

   - Armoured deck - multiple decks:
	For and Aft decks: 2.00" / 51 mm
	Forecastle: 1.00" / 25 mm  Quarter deck: 1.50" / 38 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 8.00" / 203 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
	Coal fired boilers, complex reciprocating steam engines,
	Direct drive, 2 shafts, 31,370 ihp / 23,402 Kw = 23.00 kts
	Range 5,000nm at 10.00 kts
	Bunker at max displacement = 1,803 tons (100% coal)

Complement:
	648 - 843

Cost:
	£1.406 million / $5.622 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
	Armament: 526 tons, 3.7 %
	   - Guns: 526 tons, 3.7 %
	Armour: 3,403 tons, 24.0 %
	   - Belts: 1,631 tons, 11.5 %
	   - Torpedo bulkhead: 479 tons, 3.4 %
	   - Armament: 434 tons, 3.1 %
	   - Armour Deck: 759 tons, 5.4 %
	   - Conning Tower: 101 tons, 0.7 %
	Machinery: 5,504 tons, 38.9 %
	Hull, fittings & equipment: 3,129 tons, 22.1 %
	Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,591 tons, 11.2 %
	Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
	Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
	  7,191 lbs / 3,262 Kg = 17.3 x 9.4 " / 239 mm shells or 1.1 torpedoes
	Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.36
	Metacentric height 4.0 ft / 1.2 m
	Roll period: 12.6 seconds
	Steadiness	- As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 79 %
			- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.42
	Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 1.57

Hull form characteristics:
	Hull has a flush deck,
	  a ram bow and a cruiser stern
	Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.550 / 0.557
	Length to Beam Ratio: 8.33 : 1
	'Natural speed' for length: 22.36 kts
	Power going to wave formation at top speed: 48 %
	Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50
	Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -6.00 degrees
	Stern overhang: -4.00 ft / -1.22 m
	Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
				Fore end,	 Aft end
	   - Forecastle:	10.00 %,  22.00 ft / 6.71 m,  20.00 ft / 6.10 m
	   - Forward deck:	30.00 %,  20.00 ft / 6.10 m,  16.00 ft / 4.88 m
	   - Aft deck:	50.00 %,  16.00 ft / 4.88 m,  16.00 ft / 4.88 m
	   - Quarter deck:	10.00 %,  16.00 ft / 4.88 m,  16.00 ft / 4.88 m
	   - Average freeboard:		17.08 ft / 5.21 m
	Ship tends to be wet forward

Ship space, strength and comments:
	Space	- Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 144.6 %
		- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 103.1 %
	Waterplane Area: 20,944 Square feet or 1,946 Square metres
	Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 87 %
	Structure weight / hull surface area: 109 lbs/sq ft or 533 Kg/sq metre
	Hull strength (Relative):
		- Cross-sectional: 0.93
		- Longitudinal: 1.81
		- Overall: 1.00
	Cramped machinery, storage, compartmentation space
	Adequate accommodation and workspace room
	Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform
	Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather