Atropine if Organophosphate poisoning got you . (nervgas)

Atropine for Organophosphate poisoning (nervgas attack have these phosphate into it some times )
13. Model information sheet

13.1. Uses

Atropine sulphate is indicated for the treatment of anticholinesterase agents (organophosphate and carbamate poisonings) and whenever cholinergic features need to be counteracted.

13.2. Dosage and route

Adults: 1-2 mg bolus given intravenously in an unknown or mild anticholinesterase poisoning. Repeated as often as every 5-10 minutes as required to reduce (bronchial) secretions. In moderate and severe organophosphate poisonings, much larger doses are required.

Children: At least 0.015 mg/kg bolus should be given intravenously; then 0.015 to 0.05 mg/kg every 15 minutes as needed. Intraosseous, endotracheal, intramuscular or subcutaneous routes should be used if venous access is not available.

No maximum dose of atropine can be given as this depends on the severity of the organophosphate poisoning.

13.3. Precautions/contraindications

Cyanotic (hypoxic) patients should be oxygenated and if necessary intubated at the same time as atropine is administered, to avoid ventricular tachyarrhythmias.

If an infusion is used, the risk of over-atropinization should be avoided by regular review of the rate of infusion, particularly in patients with liver or kidney disease, in children and in the elderly.

In warm environments, patients should be kept cool and body temperature monitored as atropine inhibits sweating.

13.4. Pharmaceutical incompatibilities and drug interactions

Anti-AChE agents, such as the organophosphorus insecticides, are synergistic with the depolarizing blocking agents, such as succinylcholine. The latter is therefore best avoided in these patients as is also other parasympathomimetic therapy.

13.5. Adverse Effects

Atropine administration should be discontinued if over-atropinization is observed.

Possible hypersensitivity to cholinergic stimulation (tremors, rigidity) after prolonged atropine therapy may occur.

13.6. Use in pregnancy and lactation

Pregnancy is no contraindication to therapy as the organophosphate poisoning represents a greater threat to the fetus than atropine.

13.7. Storage

Atropine sulphate injection preparations should be stored at 15-30oC and protected from light. Under these conditions, the shelf life of atropine sulphate for injection is two years. Atropine in autoinjectors, protected from light and stored between 15 and 30 °C, have a shelf life of 5 years.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organophosphate_poisoning
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atropine
-Based on clinical evidence, atropine is best given intravenously as bolus injections to dry the secretion as quickly as possible.

-The initial adult dose in an unknown or mild anticholinesterase poisoning is 1-2 mg repeated every 5 to 10 minutes until the desired clinical response is achieved. In a severe organophosphate poisoning atropine must be given at much higher doses to dry the secretion. Atropine may then be repeated or increased in increments at 15 to 30 minute intervals to maintain the signs of atropinization. Since repeated dosing is required, a constant infusion of atropine to maintain atropinization is more practical. When a constant atropine infusion is used the patient should be examined at least very 1 to 2 hours

-children, an intravenous dose of 0.015mg/kg can be administered, while watching for signs of atropinization (mouth dryness, dilated pupils, tachycardia). For a therapeutic intravenous dose in symptomatic children, 0.015 to 0.05mg/kg can be given every fifteen minutes as needed.

    !!!These infos just usefull with doc and medic / hospital or people with know how !!!
       (infose : http://www.inchem.org/documents/antidote/antidote/atropine.htm#8.3)