documentclass[border=5pt, multi, tikz]{standalone}
usetikzlibrary{quotes,arrows.meta}
tikzset{
  annotated cuboid/.pic={
    tikzset{%
      every edge quotes/.append style={midway, auto},
      /cuboid/.cd,
      #1
    }
    draw [every edge/.append style={pic actions, densely dashed, opacity=.5}, pic actions]
    (0,0,0) coordinate (o) -- ++(-cubescale*cubex,0,0) coordinate (a) -- ++(0,-cubescale*cubey,0) coordinate (b) edge coordinate [pos=1] (g) ++(0,0,-cubescale*cubez)  -- ++(cubescale*cubex,0,0) coordinate (c) -- cycle
    (o) -- ++(0,0,-cubescale*cubez) coordinate (d) -- ++(0,-cubescale*cubey,0) coordinate (e) edge (g) -- (c) -- cycle
    (o) -- (a) -- ++(0,0,-cubescale*cubez) coordinate (f) edge (g) -- (d) -- cycle;
    path [every edge/.append style={pic actions, |-|}]
    (b) +(0,-5pt) coordinate (b1) edge ["cubex cubeunits"'] (b1 -| c)
    (b) +(-5pt,0) coordinate (b2) edge ["cubey cubeunits"] (b2 |- a)
    (c) +(3.5pt,-3.5pt) coordinate (c2) edge ["cubez cubeunits"'] ([xshift=3.5pt,yshift=-3.5pt]e)
    ;
  },
  /cuboid/.search also={/tikz},
  /cuboid/.cd,
  width/.store in=cubex,
  height/.store in=cubey,
  depth/.store in=cubez,
  units/.store in=cubeunits,
  scale/.store in=cubescale,
  width=10,
  height=10,
  depth=10,
  units=cm,
  scale=.1,
}
begin{document}
begin{tikzpicture}
  pic {annotated cuboid};
  pic [fill=magenta, text=blue, draw=blue] at (5,0) {annotated cuboid={width=30, height=5, depth=10}};
  pic [fill=green, text=green!50!black, draw=green!25!black] at (5,-2) {annotated cuboid={width=6, height=20, depth=15, units=mm}};
  pic at (1,-3) {annotated cuboid={width=150, height=200, depth=250, scale=.01, units=m}};
  pic [fill=cyan, text=blue!75!cyan, draw=blue!75!cyan] at (-3,-2) {annotated cuboid={width=15, height=18, depth=13.5, units=}};
end{tikzpicture}
end{document}