Dive bomber mod to Madwand's AI

--[[
Advanced aerial AI, version 4.21
Created by Madwand 10/24/2015
Use and modify this code however you like, however please credit me
if you use this AI or a derivative of it in a tournament, or you publish a blueprint
using it. Also let me know if you make any significant improvements,
so I can add them back into the code.
Dive bomber mod by TauNeutrino - change DiveAlt to the altitude you want to go to when dropping bombs.

Documentation on the options is available at http://pastebin.com/36eFGAzV
--]]

-- BASIC OPTIONS
AngleBeforeTurn = 10
AngleBeforeRoll = 30
AttackRunDistance = 600
AbortRunDistance = 100
ClosingDistance = 1000
ForceAttackTime = 15
CruiseAltitude = 250
MaxElevationAngle = 30
CruiseSpeed = 5
AttackRunSpeed = 5
EscapeSpeed = 5
RollingSpeed = 5
ClosingSpeed = 5
OrbitSpawn = true
DiveAltitude = 50

-- AIRSHIP/HELICOPTER OPTIONS
UseAltitudeJets = false
UseSpinners = false
MinHelicopterBladeSpeed = 10
MaxHelicopterBladeSpeed = 30
UseVTOLBeneathSpeed = 0
VTOLEngines = nil

-- TERRAIN AVOIDANCE OPTIONS
TerrainAvoidanceStrategy = 1
MinAltitude = 100
MaxAltitude = 400
TerrainLookahead = {0,1,2,4}
MaxTerrainSpeed = 5

-- WATER START OPTIONS
DeployAlt = 5
ReleaseAlt = 15
EnableEnginesAlt = 5

-- COLLISION AVOIDANCE OPTIONS
CollisionTThreshold = 4
CollisionDetectionHeight = 30
CollisionAngle = 40

-- FLOCKING OPTIONS
NeighborRadius = 0
IgnoreBelowSpeed = 0
FlockWithBlueprintNames = 'all'
AlignmentWeight = 1
CohesionWeight = 1
SeparationWeight = 1.5
InjuredWeight = 0
LongRangeWeight = .5
TerrainAvoidanceWeight = 0
TargetWeight = 1

-- "DOGFIGHTING" OPTIONS
MatchTargetAltitude = false
MatchAltitudeRange = 600
MatchAltitudeOffset = 0
MinMatchingAltitude = 100

-- VECTOR THRUST OPTIONS
VTSpinners = nil
MaxVTAngle = {30,30,30,90} -- yaw, roll, pitch, VTOL
VTProportional = {1,1,1}
VTDelta = {.1,.1,0}
VTOLSpinners = 'all'

-- MISSILE AVOIDANCE OPTIONS
WarningMainframe = -1
RunAwayTTT = 2
RunAngle = 180
DodgeTTT = 1
DodgingRollTolerance = 60
DangerRadius = 20
NormalSpeed = 100
CraftRadius = 10
DodgingSpeed = 5

-- ADVANCED OPTIONS
MODE = 2
AltitudeClamp = .2
PitchDamping = 90
YawDamping = 90
RollDamping = 45
MainDriveControlType = 0
MinimumSpeed = 0
MaximumSpeed = 999
MaxRollAngle = 120
RollTolerance = 30
DebugMode = false
UsePreferredSide = false
UsePredictiveGuidance = false
AltitudeOffset = 0
AngleOfEscape = AngleBeforeTurn
ExcludeSpinners = nil

--Static variables. Do not change these.
DRIVELEFT = 0
DRIVERIGHT = 1
ROLLLEFT = 2
ROLLRIGHT = 3
DRIVEUP = 4
DRIVEDOWN = 5
DRIVEMAIN = 8
DriveTypeDesc = {'Left','Right','RLeft','RRight','PUp','PDown','','','Main'}

CruiseAltOld = CruiseAltitude
firstpass = true
state = "cruise"
onattackrun = false
WaterStarted = false
NextAttackTime = 0
OverTerrain = false
PitchCorrection = 0
RollSpinners = {}
PitchSpinners = {}
YawSpinners = {}
DownSpinners = {}
AllSpinners = {}
ExcludedSpinners = {}
HeliSpinners = {}
RollEngines = {}
PitchEngines = {}
EngineDF = {}
SpinnerStartRotations={}
DYaw = 0
NumSpinners = 0
NumEngines = 0

--Try to pitch (or yaw, if necessary) to a given angle of elevation
function AdjustElevationToAngle(I,DesiredElevation)
  local PitchSpeedCheck = math.abs(DesiredElevation-Pitch)/PitchDamping
  local YawSpeedCheck = math.abs(DesiredElevation-Pitch)/YawDamping
  if (Pitch > DesiredElevation) then
    if (math.abs(Roll)>135) then
      Control(I,DRIVEUP,PitchSpeedCheck,DPitch)
    elseif (Roll<-45) then
      Control(I,DRIVERIGHT,YawSpeedCheck,DYaw)
    elseif (Roll>45) then
      Control(I,DRIVELEFT,YawSpeedCheck,-DYaw)
    elseif (math.abs(Roll)<45 and state~="rolling") then
      Control(I,DRIVEDOWN,PitchSpeedCheck,-DPitch)
    end
  elseif (Pitch < DesiredElevation) then
    if (math.abs(Roll)>135 and state~="rolling") then
      Control(I,DRIVEDOWN,PitchSpeedCheck,-DPitch)
    elseif (Roll<-45) then
      Control(I,DRIVELEFT,YawSpeedCheck,-DYaw)
    elseif (Roll>45) then
      Control(I,DRIVERIGHT,YawSpeedCheck,DYaw)
    elseif (math.abs(Roll)<45) then
      Control(I,DRIVEUP,PitchSpeedCheck,DPitch)
    end
  end
end

--Calculate desired altitude and go there
function AdjustAltitude(I, Engaged, Pos, CollisionAlt)
  local DesiredAltitude = CruiseAltitude
  local MatchingAltitude = Engaged and MatchTargetAltitude and Pos.GroundDistance < MatchAltitudeRange
  if MatchingAltitude then
    local EnemyAlt = UsePredictiveGuidance and CollisionAlt or Pos.AltitudeAboveSeaLevel
    DesiredAltitude = math.max(math.min(EnemyAlt+MatchAltitudeOffset,MaxAltitude),MinMatchingAltitude)
  end

  if (TerrainAvoidanceStrategy>0) then
    DesiredAltitude = AdjustAltitudeForTerrain(I, DesiredAltitude, MatchingAltitude)
  end

  local AltPower = limiter((DesiredAltitude-Alt)*AltitudeClamp,1)
  if ((Alt < DesiredAltitude or VTOLEngines) and I:GetVelocityMagnitude()<UseVTOLBeneathSpeed) then
    VTPower[4]=math.max(.2,AltPower)
    AdjustElevationToAngle(I, 0)
  else
    local Angle = math.min(math.abs(Alt-DesiredAltitude)*AltitudeClamp,MaxElevationAngle)
    if ((Alt<MinAltitude and Pitch<0) or (Alt>MaxAltitude and Pitch>0)) then
      Angle = MaxElevationAngle
    end -- pull up/down with full strength if we are below/above min/max altitudes
    AdjustElevationToAngle(I, (Alt < DesiredAltitude) and Angle or -Angle)
  end

  AdjustAltitudeJets(I,AltPower)
  AdjustHelicopterBlades(I,AltPower)

  return DesiredAltitude
end

function AdjustAltitudeJets(I,AltPower)
  if not UseAltitudeJets then return end
  if (AltPower>0) then
    I:RequestThrustControl(4,AltPower)
    vertical = "up"
  else
    I:RequestThrustControl(5,-AltPower)
    vertical = "down"
  end
end

function ControlVTOLPower(I)
  local DriveFraction = {}
  if VTPower[4]~=0 then
    for k,v in pairs(PitchEngines) do DriveFraction[k] = VTPower[4]*EngineDF[k] end
    ComputeEngines(DriveFraction, RollEngines, 2)
    ComputeEngines(DriveFraction, PitchEngines, 3)
  else
    for k,v in pairs(PitchEngines) do DriveFraction[k] = EngineDF[k] end
  end
  for k, v in pairs(PitchEngines) do I:Component_SetFloatLogic(9,k,DriveFraction[k]) end
end

function AdjustHelicopterBlades(I,AltPower)
  if not UseSpinners then return end
  local MidSpeed = (MaxHelicopterBladeSpeed-MinHelicopterBladeSpeed)/2
  local SpinSpeed = MinHelicopterBladeSpeed+MidSpeed+AltPower*MidSpeed
  if not VTSpinners then
    for p = 0, NumSpinners-1 do
      if not ExcludedSpinners[p] then I:SetSpinnerContinuousSpeed(p, SpinSpeed) end
    end
  else
    for k,v in pairs(HeliSpinners) do I:SetSpinnerContinuousSpeed(v, SpinSpeed) end
  end
end

-- Get the current stats about angles of the vehicle
function GetAngleStats(I)
  Roll = I:GetConstructRoll()
-- transform roll into roll we are familiar with from the game
  if (Roll > 180) then Roll = Roll-360 end

  Pitch = I:GetConstructPitch()
-- transform pitch into pitch we are familiar with from the game
  if (Pitch > 180) then
    Pitch = 360 - Pitch
  elseif (Pitch>0) then
    Pitch = -Pitch
  end

  Yaw = I:GetConstructYaw()

-- Many vehicles need to keep their nose pitched upwards relative to velocity.
-- This uses basic machine learning to calculate the upwards pitch correction.
  if not VTPower or VTPower[4]==0 then -- if we haven't been in VTOL mode
    VPitch = math.deg(math.asin(I:GetVelocityVectorNormalized().y)) -- observed pitch from velocity
    PitchCorrection = limiter(PitchCorrection + .01*(Pitch-VPitch-PitchCorrection),MaxElevationAngle)
    Pitch = Pitch - PitchCorrection
  end

  local AngularVelocity = I:GetLocalAngularVelocity()
  DPitch = -AngularVelocity.x
  DYaw = DYaw+.1*(AngularVelocity.y-DYaw)
  DRoll = AngularVelocity.z

  CoM = I:GetConstructCenterOfMass()
  Alt = CoM.y
  ForwardV = I:GetConstructForwardVector()
end

function sign(x)
  return x>0 and 1 or x<0 and -1 or 0
end

function GetModifiedAzimuth(Azimuth, Offset)
  local Azimuth = Azimuth-(UsePreferredSide and 1 or sign(Azimuth))*Offset
  if math.abs(Azimuth)>180 then return Azimuth-sign(Azimuth)*360 end
  return Azimuth
end

-- returns true if we are yawing, false if we are rolling
function TurnTowardsAzimuth(I, Azimuth, Offset, DesiredAltitude, RTolerance, Flock)
  Azimuth = GetModifiedAzimuth(Azimuth, Offset)
  if Flock>0 then Azimuth=Flocking(I,Azimuth,Flock>1) end
  if (VTPower[4]==0 and math.abs(Azimuth) > AngleBeforeRoll-Offset) then -- roll to turn
    RollTowardsAzimuth(I,Azimuth,DesiredAltitude,RTolerance)
    YawTowardsAzimuth(I,Azimuth)
    state = "rolling"
    return false
  end -- yaw to turn
  AdjustRollToAngle(I, 0)
  state = "yawing"
  YawTowardsAzimuth(I,Azimuth)
  return true
end

-- Try to roll the craft and pull up on pitch controls to face a given azimuth (relative to the vehicles facing)
-- Will try to set roll angle at one that will maintain a given altitude
function RollTowardsAzimuth(I,Azimuth,DesiredAltitude,Tolerance)
-- depending on our altitude, RollAngle will be set to 90 +/- 40 degrees to climb or descend as appropriate
  RollAngle = sign(Azimuth)*math.min(MaxRollAngle, 90+limiter((Alt-DesiredAltitude)*.66, 30))

  AdjustRollToAngle(I,RollAngle)

  if (sign(Roll)==sign(Azimuth) and Roll >= RollAngle-Tolerance and Roll <= RollAngle+Tolerance) then -- start pitching
    Control(I, DRIVEUP,1,0)
  end
end

-- Roll the vehicle to a specified roll angle
function AdjustRollToAngle(I,Angle)
  local RollSpeedCheck = math.abs(Angle-Roll)/RollDamping
  if (Roll < Angle) then
    Control(I, ROLLLEFT,RollSpeedCheck,DRoll)
  elseif (Roll > Angle) then
    Control(I, ROLLRIGHT,RollSpeedCheck,-DRoll)
  end
  --I:LogToHud(string.format("%.2f %.2f %.2f %.2f", Angle, Roll, RollSpeedCheck, DRoll))
end

-- transform an absolute azimuth into one relative to the nose of the vehicle
function GetRelativeAzimuth(AbsAzimuth)
  local Azimuth = math.abs(Yaw-AbsAzimuth)
  if (Azimuth>180) then Azimuth = 360-Azimuth end
  if (Yaw>AbsAzimuth) then return Azimuth end
  return -Azimuth
end

-- Yaw the vehicle towards a given aziumth (relative to the vehicle's facing)
function YawTowardsAzimuth(I,Azimuth)
  if (math.abs(Roll)<30) then
    local YawSpeedCheck = math.abs(Azimuth)/YawDamping
    if (Azimuth > 0) then
      Control(I, DRIVELEFT,YawSpeedCheck,-DYaw)
    elseif (Azimuth < 0) then
      Control(I, DRIVERIGHT,YawSpeedCheck,DYaw)
    end
    return true
  end
  return false
end

-- No enemies, just cruise along
function Cruise(I)
  if OrbitSpawn and I:GetNumberOfMainframes()>0 then
    SpawnInfo = I:GetTargetPositionInfoForPosition(0, SpawnPos.x, 0, SpawnPos.z)
    NavigateToPoint(I, false, SpawnInfo)
  else
    if I:GetNumberOfMainframes()==0 then
      I:LogToHud("No AI mainframe found; please add one!")
    end
    state = "cruise"
    AdjustAltitude(I,false,nil,0)
    AdjustRollToAngle(I, 0)
    SetSpeed(I, CruiseSpeed)
    NextAttackTime = I:GetTime()+ForceAttackTime
  end
end

-- Given the current velocity vector and an azimuth, get the expected terrain height in that direction
function GetTerrainAltitude(I, VelocityV, Angle)
  local TerrainAltitude = -999
  for i,Lookahead in ipairs(TerrainLookahead) do
    Position = CoM + Quaternion.Euler(0,Angle,0) * VelocityV * Lookahead
    TerrainAltitude = math.max(TerrainAltitude,I:GetTerrainAltitudeForPosition(Position))
  end
  return TerrainAltitude
end

-- Adjust a given altitude to compensate for terrain, according to "TerrainAvoidanceStrategy"
-- and other terrain-avoidance-specific parameters.
-- Last parameter forces the use of "TerrainAvoidanceStrategy" 2
-- returns new altitude that should be used
function AdjustAltitudeForTerrain(I, Altitude, StrategyOverride)
  VelocityV = I:GetVelocityVector()
  TerrainAltitude = math.max(GetTerrainAltitude(I, VelocityV, 0),GetTerrainAltitude(I, VelocityV, 30),GetTerrainAltitude(I, VelocityV, -30))

  OverTerrain = false
  if (TerrainAltitude + MinAltitude > Altitude or TerrainAltitude>0) then -- we'll need to avoid the terrain
    OverTerrain = TerrainAltitude + MinAltitude > Altitude

    if(StrategyOverride or TerrainAvoidanceStrategy == 2) then -- don't change altitude unless needed
      Altitude = math.max(Altitude, TerrainAltitude + MinAltitude)
    elseif(TerrainAvoidanceStrategy == 1) then -- just add Altitude to terrain height
      Altitude = math.max(math.min(TerrainAltitude+Altitude, MaxAltitude), TerrainAltitude + MinAltitude)
    end
  end

  --I:LogToHud(string.format("TA: %.2f Here: %.2f Alt: %.2f", TerrainAltitude, I:GetTerrainAltitudeForLocalPosition(0, 0, 0), Altitude))

  return Altitude
end

function GetIntercept(I, Pos)
  local mySpeed = I:GetVelocityMagnitude()
  local TTT = FindConvergence(I, Pos.Position, Pos.Velocity, CoM, mySpeed, mySpeed*.75)
  local Prediction = Pos.Position + Pos.Velocity * TTT
  return TTT, I:GetTargetPositionInfoForPosition(0, Prediction.x, Prediction.y, Prediction.z).Azimuth, Prediction.y
end

-- Perform a water start check. Returns true if movement is permitted.
function WaterStartCheck(I)
  if (Alt < DeployAlt) then
    I:Component_SetBoolLogicAll(0, true)
    WaterStarted = true
  elseif (WaterStarted and Alt > ReleaseAlt) then
    I:Component_SetBoolLogicAll(0, false)
    WaterStarted = false
  end

  if (not WaterStarted or Alt>=EnableEnginesAlt) then
    return true
  end
  return false
end

function SetSpeed(I, Speed)
  if (I:GetVelocityMagnitude()>MaximumSpeed) then Speed=1
  elseif (I:GetVelocityMagnitude()<MinimumSpeed) then Speed=5 end
  if MainDriveControlType==1 then
    I:RequestThrustControl(0,Speed/5)
  elseif MainDriveControlType==2 then
    I:RequestControl(MODE,DRIVEMAIN,5)
    for k, v in pairs(Main) do I:Component_SetFloatLogic(9,v,Speed/5) end
  else
    I:RequestControl(MODE,DRIVEMAIN,Speed)
  end
end

function limiter(p,l)
  return math.min(l,math.max(-l,p))
end

function Control(I, Type, SpeedCheck, Delta)
  local DoFType = math.floor(Type/2)+1
  if (SpeedCheck>Delta) then
    I:RequestControl(MODE, Type, 1)
    DriveDesc[DoFType] = DriveTypeDesc[Type+1]
  end
  VTPower[DoFType] = (Type%2*2-1)*limiter(SpeedCheck*VTProportional[DoFType]-Delta*VTDelta[DoFType],1)
end

function ComputeSpinners(Rotation, Spinners, Axis)
  for Spinner,Dir in pairs(Spinners) do
    Rotation[Spinner] = Rotation[Spinner] + Dir*VTPower[Axis]*MaxVTAngle[Axis]
  end
end

function ComputeEngines(DriveFraction, Engines, Axis)
  for Engine,Dir in pairs(Engines) do
    if Dir==sign(VTPower[Axis]) then
      DriveFraction[Engine] = DriveFraction[Engine]*(1-math.abs(VTPower[Axis]))
    end
  end
end

function VectorEngines(I)
  local RL,RR,RY = 0,0,0

  local Rotation = {}
  for k,v in pairs(AllSpinners) do Rotation[v] = 0 end

  if (state=="rolling" and VTPower[3]>0) then
    VTPower[3]=0
  end
  ComputeSpinners(Rotation, YawSpinners, 1)
  ComputeSpinners(Rotation, RollSpinners, 2)
  ComputeSpinners(Rotation, PitchSpinners, 3)
  if (VTOLEngines and VTPower[4]~=0) then -- VTOL Mode
    for Spinner,Dir in pairs(DownSpinners) do Rotation[Spinner] = Dir*MaxVTAngle[4] end
  else
    ComputeSpinners(Rotation, DownSpinners, 4)
  end

  RotateSpinnersTo(I,Rotation)

  --I:LogToHud(string.format("Y: %.02f R: %.02f P: %.02f", VTPower[1], VTPower[2], VTPower[3]))
end

function ClassifySpinner(I,p)
  if VTSpinners=='all' and ExcludedSpinners[p] then return end
  local info = I:GetSpinnerInfo(p)
  local h,a,b = EulerAngles(info.LocalRotation)
  local pos = info.LocalPositionRelativeToCom
  SpinnerStartRotations[p]=info.LocalRotation
  a=math.floor(a+.5)
  b=math.floor(b+.5)
  if (a==0 and b==0) then
    tinsert(pos.z,YawSpinners,1,-1,p)
    AddSpinner(pos.y,-1,p)
  elseif (a==0 and math.abs(b)>170) then
    tinsert(pos.z,YawSpinners,-1,1,p)
    AddSpinner(pos.y,1,p)
  else
    local h,a,b = EulerAngles(info.LocalRotation*Quaternion.Euler(0, 0, 90))
    h=math.floor(h+.5)
    a=math.floor(a+.5)
    if (h==0 and a==0) then -- pointed right
      tinsert(pos.z,PitchSpinners,1,-1,p)
      if VTOLSpinners=='all' and ExcludedSpinners[p] then tinsert(pos.z,DownSpinners,-1,-1,p) end
      AddSpinner(pos.x,-1,p)
    elseif (a==0 and math.abs(h)>170) then -- pointed left
      tinsert(pos.z,PitchSpinners,-1,1,p)
      if VTOLSpinners=='all' and ExcludedSpinners[p] then tinsert(pos.z,DownSpinners,1,1,p) end
      AddSpinner(pos.x,1,p)
    end
  end
end

function ClassifyVTOLSpinner(I,p)
  local info = I:GetSpinnerInfo(p)
  local h,a,b = EulerAngles(info.LocalRotation*Quaternion.Euler(0, 0, 90))
  local pos = info.LocalPositionRelativeToCom
  h=math.floor(h+.5)
  a=math.floor(a+.5)
  --I:Log(string.format("Spinner: %d Orientation: (%.2f, %.2f, %.2f) Position: (%.2f, %.2f, %.2f)", p, h, a, b, pos.x, pos.y, pos.z))
  if (h==0 and a==0) then
    tinsert(pos.z,DownSpinners,-1,-1,p)
  elseif (a==0 and math.abs(h)>170) then
    tinsert(pos.z,DownSpinners,1,1,p)
  end
end

function GetPosRelativeToCoM(pos)
  local rot = Quaternion.Inverse(Quaternion.LookRotation(ForwardV))
  local rpos = rot*(pos-CoM)
  for i, p in ipairs(rpos) do rpos[i]=math.floor(p*10+.5)/10 end
  return rpos
end

function ClassifyEngine(I,p,force)
  local info = I:Component_GetBlockInfo(9,p)
  if (force or info.LocalForwards.y==1) then
    pos = GetPosRelativeToCoM(info.Position)
    EngineDF[p] = I:Component_GetFloatLogic(9,p)
    tinsert(pos.z,PitchEngines,1,-1,p)
    if pos.x<-1.1 then  -- on left
      tinsert(pos.z,RollEngines,-1,-1,p)
    elseif pos.x>1.1 then -- on right
      tinsert(pos.z,RollEngines,1,1,p)
    end
  end
end

function AddSpinner(comp,dir,p)
  if comp<-1 then  -- on left
    RollSpinners[p] = dir
  elseif comp>1 then -- on right
    RollSpinners[p] = -dir
  end
  table.insert(AllSpinners,p)
end

function tinsert(z,s,x,y,p)
  s[p] = z>0 and x or y
end

function EulerAngles(q1)
  local sqw = q1.w*q1.w
  local sqx = q1.x*q1.x
  local sqy = q1.y*q1.y
  local sqz = q1.z*q1.z
  local unit = sqx + sqy + sqz + sqw --if normalised is one, otherwise is correction factor
  local test = q1.x*q1.y + q1.z*q1.w
  local heading, attitude, bank
  if (test > 0.499*unit) then --singularity at north pole
    heading = 2 * math.atan2(q1.x,q1.w)
    attitude = math.pi/2;
    bank = 0
  elseif (test < -0.499*unit) then --singularity at south pole
    heading = -2 * math.atan2(q1.x,q1.w)
    attitude = -math.pi/2
    bank = 0
  else
    heading = math.atan2(2*q1.y*q1.w-2*q1.x*q1.z , sqx - sqy - sqz + sqw)
    attitude = math.asin(2*test/unit)
    bank = math.atan2(2*q1.x*q1.w-2*q1.y*q1.z , -sqx + sqy - sqz + sqw)
  end
  return math.deg(heading), math.deg(attitude), math.deg(bank)
end

function RotateSpinnersTo(I, Spinners)
  for Spinner, NewAngle in pairs(Spinners) do
    local Angle = EulerAngles(Quaternion.Inverse(SpinnerStartRotations[Spinner]) * I:GetSpinnerInfo(Spinner).LocalRotation)
    local DeflectAngle = limiter(limiter(NewAngle,90)-Angle,43)
    if math.abs(DeflectAngle)<2 then DeflectAngle=0 end
    I:SetSpinnerContinuousSpeed(Spinner,DeflectAngle*30/43)
  end
end

function FindConvergence(I, tPos, tVel, wPos, wSpeed, minConv)
   local relativePosition = wPos - tPos
   local distance = Vector3.Magnitude(relativePosition)
   local targetAngle = I:Maths_AngleBetweenVectors(relativePosition, tVel)
   local tSpeed = Vector3.Magnitude(tVel)

   local a = tSpeed^2 - wSpeed^2
   local b = -2 * tSpeed * distance * math.cos(math.rad(targetAngle))
   local c = distance^2
   local det = math.sqrt(b^2-4*a*c)
   local ttt = distance / minConv

   if det > 0 then
      local root1 = math.min((-b + det)/(2*a), (-b - det)/(2*a))
      local root2 = math.max((-b + det)/(2*a), (-b - det)/(2*a))
      ttt = (root1 > 0 and root1) or (root2 > 0 and root2) or ttt
   end
   return ttt
end

function CheckMissileWarnings(I)
  if WarningMainframe<0 then return 0 end

  local NumWarnings = I:GetNumberOfWarnings(WarningMainframe)
  local MinTTT = math.max(RunAwayTTT,DodgeTTT)
  local MinWarning
  local OwnVelocity = ForwardV * math.max(NormalSpeed, I:GetVelocityMagnitude())

  for w = 0, NumWarnings - 1 do
    local Warning = I:GetMissileWarning(WarningMainframe, w)
    if Warning.Valid and I:Maths_AngleBetweenVectors(Warning.Velocity, CoM - Warning.Position) < 90 then
      local mSpeed = Vector3.Magnitude(Warning.Velocity)
      local TTT = FindConvergence(I, CoM, OwnVelocity, Warning.Position, mSpeed, mSpeed*.75)
      local PredictedPosition = CoM + OwnVelocity * TTT
      local Orthogonal = (Warning.Position + Vector3.Normalize(Warning.Velocity)
                         * Vector3.Distance(Warning.Position, PredictedPosition)
                         * math.cos(math.rad(I:Maths_AngleBetweenVectors(Warning.Velocity, PredictedPosition - Warning.Position))))
                         - PredictedPosition
      local AdjustedPosition = PredictedPosition + Vector3.ClampMagnitude(Orthogonal, CraftRadius)
      local Radius = (Vector3.Distance(Warning.Position, AdjustedPosition) / 2)
                     / math.cos(math.rad(I:Maths_AngleBetweenVectors(Warning.Velocity, AdjustedPosition - Warning.Position) - 90))
      if TTT < MinTTT and Radius > DangerRadius then
        MinTTT = TTT
        MinWarning = Warning
      end
    end
  end

  if (MinTTT < math.max(RunAwayTTT,DodgeTTT)) then
    local AdjustedPosition = CoM + OwnVelocity * math.min(MinTTT,0.75)
    local ApproachAngle=I:Maths_AngleBetweenVectors(MinWarning.Velocity, AdjustedPosition - MinWarning.Position)
    if (MinTTT < DodgeTTT) then
      if (math.abs(MinWarning.Azimuth) < 10 or math.abs(MinWarning.Azimuth) > 170) then
        return sign(Roll)*120
      end

      local Orthogonal = (MinWarning.Position + Vector3.Normalize(MinWarning.Velocity)
                         * Vector3.Distance(MinWarning.Position, AdjustedPosition)
                         * math.cos(math.rad(ApproachAngle))) - AdjustedPosition
      local Objective = I:GetConstructPosition() - Orthogonal
      return I:GetTargetPositionInfoForPosition(0, Objective.x, Objective.y, Objective.z).Azimuth
    end
    local Angle=MinWarning.Azimuth>0 and RunAngle or -RunAngle
    local Objective = I:GetConstructPosition()+Quaternion.Euler(0,Angle,0)*(MinWarning.Position-CoM)
    return I:GetTargetPositionInfoForPosition(0, Objective.x, 0, Objective.z).Azimuth
  end
  return 0
end

function ClassifyEngines(I)
  if NumEngines==I:Component_GetCount(9) then return end
  NumEngines=I:Component_GetCount(9)

  Main={} -- try to figure out which drives are pointed backwards
  for p = 0, NumEngines - 1 do
    local info=I:Component_GetBlockInfo(9,p)
    if (info.LocalForwards.z==1 and GetPosRelativeToCoM(info.Position)==info.LocalPositionRelativeToCom) then
      table.insert(Main,p)
    end
  end

  if VTOLEngines=='all' then
    for p = 0, NumEngines - 1 do ClassifyEngine(I,p,false) end
  end
end

function ClassifySpinners(I)
  if NumSpinners==I:GetSpinnerCount() then return end
  NumSpinners=I:GetSpinnerCount()

  if VTSpinners=='all' then
    for p = 0, NumSpinners - 1 do ClassifySpinner(I,p) end
  end
end

function NameMatches(Name)
  if FlockWithBlueprintNames=='all' then return true end
  for k,v in pairs(FlockWithBlueprintNames) do
    if v==string.sub(Name,1,string.len(v)) then return true end
  end
  return false
end

function Flocking(I, Azimuth, Escaping)
  if NeighborRadius==0 then return Azimuth end

  local FCount = I:GetFriendlyCount()
  local A = Vector3(0,0,0)
  local C,S,J,L,E = A,A,A,A,A
  local Near,Aligning,Injured,Far,Terrain=0,0,0,0,0
  for f = 0, FCount-1 do
    local FInfo = I:GetFriendlyInfo(f)
    if FInfo.Valid then
      local Dist=FInfo.CenterOfMass-CoM
      if Dist.magnitude<NeighborRadius then
        if FInfo.Velocity.magnitude>=IgnoreBelowSpeed and NameMatches(FInfo.BlueprintName) then
          A=A+FInfo.Velocity  -- Alignment
          C=C+FInfo.CenterOfMass -- Cohesion
          J=J+FInfo.CenterOfMass*(1-FInfo.HealthFraction) -- Injured cohesion
          Aligning=Aligning+1
          Injured=Injured+(1-FInfo.HealthFraction)
        end
        S=S+Dist -- Separation
        Near=Near+1
      elseif FInfo.Velocity.magnitude>=IgnoreBelowSpeed and NameMatches(FInfo.BlueprintName) then
        L=L+FInfo.CenterOfMass -- Long-range cohesion
        Far=Far+1
      end
    end
  end

  if TerrainAvoidanceWeight~=0 then
    local ForwardV = Vector3.forward * NeighborRadius
    local Angles = {0,45,90,135,180,225,270,315}
    for k, a in pairs(Angles) do
      local Position = CoM + Quaternion.Euler(0,a,0) * ForwardV
      local TerrainAltitude = I:GetTerrainAltitudeForPosition(Position)
      if (TerrainAltitude + MinAltitude > Alt) then
        local Dist=Position-CoM
        E=E+Dist*(1 + math.min(50,TerrainAltitude + MinAltitude - Alt)*.02)
        Terrain=Terrain+1
      end
    end
    if Terrain>0 then E=(-E/Terrain).normalized*TerrainAvoidanceWeight end
  end

  if I:GetNumberOfMainframes() > 0 then
    local ECount = I:GetNumberOfTargets(0)
    for e = 1, ECount-1 do
      local EInfo = I:GetTargetPositionInfo(0,e)
      if EInfo.Valid then
        local Dist=EInfo.Position-CoM
        if Dist.magnitude<NeighborRadius and math.abs(EInfo.Position.y-Alt)<CollisionDetectionHeight then
          S=S+Dist -- Separation
          Near=Near+1
        end
      end
    end
  end

  if Near+Far+Terrain==0 then return Azimuth end
  if Aligning>0 then
    A=(A/Aligning).normalized*AlignmentWeight
    C=(C/Aligning-CoM).normalized*CohesionWeight
  end
  if Injured>0 then J=(J/Injured-CoM).normalized*InjuredWeight end
  if Far>0 then L=(L/Far-CoM).normalized*LongRangeWeight end
  if Near>0 then S=(-S/Near).normalized*SeparationWeight end

  local T=Quaternion.Euler(0,Yaw-Azimuth,0)*Vector3.forward*TargetWeight*(Escaping and 0 or 1)
  local Objective = I:GetConstructPosition()+A+C+S+J+L+E+T
  return I:GetTargetPositionInfoForPosition(0, Objective.x, 0, Objective.z).Azimuth
end

-- given information about a target, navigates to it
function NavigateToPoint(I, Engaged, Pos)
  Speed = EscapeSpeed
  local DodgeAngle = CheckMissileWarnings(I)
  local CollisionTTT, CollisionAzimuth, CollisionAlt = GetIntercept(I, Pos)
  local DesiredAltitude = AdjustAltitude(I,Engaged,Pos,CollisionAlt)

  if (DodgeAngle~=0) then -- dodge missiles!
    TurnTowardsAzimuth(I, DodgeAngle, 0, DesiredAltitude, DodgingRollTolerance, 0)
    Speed = DodgingSpeed
    state = "dodging"
    onattackrun = true
  elseif (Engaged and CollisionTTT<CollisionTThreshold and
          (math.abs(Pos.AltitudeAboveSeaLevel-Alt)<CollisionDetectionHeight or
           math.abs(CollisionAlt-Alt)<CollisionDetectionHeight) and
           math.abs(CollisionAzimuth)<CollisionAngle) then
    TurnTowardsAzimuth(I, CollisionAzimuth, CollisionAngle, DesiredAltitude, DodgingRollTolerance, 0)
    Speed = DodgingSpeed
    state = "collision"
    onattackrun = true
  elseif (Pos.GroundDistance > ClosingDistance) then
    Speed = TurnTowardsAzimuth(I, CollisionAzimuth, 0, DesiredAltitude, RollTolerance, 1) and ClosingSpeed or RollingSpeed
    state = "closing"
    onattackrun = true
    CruiseAltitude = DiveAltitude
  elseif onattackrun then
    local Azimuth = UsePredictiveGuidance and CollisionAzimuth or Pos.Azimuth
    Speed = TurnTowardsAzimuth(I, Azimuth, AngleBeforeTurn, DesiredAltitude, RollTolerance, 1) and AttackRunSpeed or RollingSpeed
    if (Pos.GroundDistance < AbortRunDistance) then
      onattackrun = false
      NextAttackTime = I:GetTime()+ForceAttackTime
      EscapeAngle = GetModifiedAzimuth(Yaw-Azimuth, AngleOfEscape)
    end
  else -- not on attack run, just go forwards until we're out of range
    TurnTowardsAzimuth(I, GetRelativeAzimuth(EscapeAngle), 0, DesiredAltitude, RollTolerance, 2)
    state = "escaping"
    onattackrun = Pos.GroundDistance > AttackRunDistance or I:GetTime()>NextAttackTime
    CruiseAltitude = CruiseAltOld
  end

  if OverTerrain then
    Speed = math.min(Speed,MaxTerrainSpeed)
  end
  if not Engaged then
    Speed = math.min(Speed,CruiseSpeed)
  end
  SetSpeed(I, Speed)
end

-- Calculate all movement for the vehicle
function Movement(I)
  if firstpass then
    firstpass = false
    SpawnPos = CoM
    EscapeAngle = Yaw
    if type(AltitudeOffset) == "table" then
      math.randomseed(I:GetTime()+CoM.x+CoM.y+CoM.z)
      AltitudeOffset=math.floor(math.random()*(AltitudeOffset[2]-AltitudeOffset[1])+AltitudeOffset[1])
      I:Log("AltitudeOffset: "..AltitudeOffset)
    end
    CruiseAltitude = CruiseAltitude+AltitudeOffset
    MaxAltitude = MaxAltitude+AltitudeOffset
    MatchAltitudeOffset = MatchAltitudeOffset+AltitudeOffset
    MinMatchingAltitude = MinMatchingAltitude+AltitudeOffset

    if type(VTOLEngines) == "table" then
      for k, p in pairs(VTOLEngines) do ClassifyEngine(I,p,true) end
    end

    if type(VTSpinners) == "table" then
      local Used = {}
      for k, p in pairs(VTSpinners) do
        ClassifySpinner(I,p)
        Used[p]=true
      end
      for p = 0, I:GetSpinnerCount()-1 do
        if not Used[p] then table.insert(HeliSpinners,p) end
      end
    end
    if type(VTOLSpinners) == "table" then
      for k, p in pairs(VTOLSpinners) do ClassifyVTOLSpinner(I,p) end
    end
    if ExcludeSpinners then
      for k, p in pairs(ExcludeSpinners) do ExcludedSpinners[p]=true end
    end
  end
  ClassifyEngines(I)
  ClassifySpinners(I)

  DriveDesc = {'','','',''}
  VTPower = {0,0,0,0} -- yaw, roll, pitch, VTOL

  if (I:GetNumberOfMainframes() > 0 and I:GetNumberOfTargets(0) > 0) then
    local TargetPos = I:GetTargetPositionInfo(0,0)
    if TargetPos.Valid then
      NavigateToPoint(I, true, TargetPos)
    else
      Cruise(I)
    end
  else
    Cruise(I)
  end

  if VTSpinners then VectorEngines(I) end
  if VTOLEngines then ControlVTOLPower(I) end

  if DebugMode then
    --I:LogToHud(string.format("%.2f %.2f", DPitch, math.abs(Roll)))
    I:LogToHud(string.format("%s %s %s %s %d", state, DriveDesc[1], DriveDesc[2], DriveDesc[3], Speed))
    --I:Log(string.format("Y:%.2f R:%.2f P:%.2f", Yaw, Roll, Pitch))
  end
end

-- Main update function. Everything starts here.
function Update(I)
  GetAngleStats(I)
  if  not I:IsDocked() and WaterStartCheck(I) then
    Movement(I)
  else
    for p = 0, I:GetSpinnerCount()-1 do I:SetSpinnerRotationAngle(p,0) end
  end
end
--