#get extend
mxd = arcpy.mapping.MapDocument("CURRENT")
df = arcpy.mapping.ListDataFrames(mxd)[0]
XMIN = df.extent.XMin
YMIN = df.extent.YMin
XMAX = df.extent.XMax
YMAX = df.extent.YMax

#create polygon from extend
#....

#use arcpy.SelectLayerByLocation_management
#get list of selected object
#
#add layer.definitionQuery to layer
#refres view and table