$newColumns = array(
    'ratings' => array(
        'label'   => $lll . 'somelabel',
        'config'  => array(
            'readOnly'          => '1',
            'type'              => 'select',
            'foreign_table'     => 'mytable',
            'foreign_field'     => 'somefield',
            'maxitems'          => '1000000',
            'minitems'          => '0',
            'autoSizeMax'       => '20',
        ),
    ),
);

ExtensionManagementUtility::addTCAcolumns('fe_users', $newColumns);

// Add  types to the TCA
$recordType = 'MyRecordType';
$GLOBALS['TCA']['fe_users']['types'][$recordType] = $GLOBALS['TCA']['fe_users']['types']['0'];
$GLOBALS['TCA']['fe_users']['columns']['tx_extbase_type']['config']['items'][] = array(
    $lll . 'anotherlabel',
    $recordType
);
ExtensionManagementUtility::addToAllTCAtypes('fe_users', 'ratings', $recordType, 'after:tx_extbase_type');