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  1.  
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  3. Maximum Sum
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  7. Background
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  9. A problem that is simple to solve in one dimension is often much more difficult to solve in more than one dimension. Consider satisfying a boolean expression in conjunctive normal form in which each conjunct consists of exactly 3 disjuncts. This problem (3-SAT) is NP-complete. The problem 2-SAT is solved quite efficiently, however. In contrast, some problems belong to the same complexity class regardless of the dimensionality of the problem.
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  13. The Problem
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  15. Given a 2-dimensional array of positive and negative integers, find the sub-rectangle with the largest sum. The sum of a rectangle is the sum of all the elements in that rectangle. In this problem the sub-rectangle with the largest sum is referred to as the maximal sub-rectangle. A sub-rectangle is any contiguous sub-array of size tex2html_wrap_inline33 or greater located within the whole array. As an example, the maximal sub-rectangle of the array:
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  17. displaymath35
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  21. is in the lower-left-hand corner:
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  23. displaymath37
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  27. and has the sum of 15.
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  31. Input and Output
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  33. The input consists of an tex2html_wrap_inline39 array of integers. The input begins with a single positive integer N on a line by itself indicating the size of the square two dimensional array. This is followed by tex2html_wrap_inline43 integers separated by white-space (newlines and spaces). These tex2html_wrap_inline43 integers make up the array in row-major order (i.e., all numbers on the first row, left-to-right, then all numbers on the second row, left-to-right, etc.). N may be as large as 100. The numbers in the array will be in the range [-127, 127].
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  37. The output is the sum of the maximal sub-rectangle.
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  41. Sample Input
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  44. 4
  45. 0 -2 -7 0 9 2 -6 2
  46. -4 1 -4 1 -1
  47. 8 0 -2
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  51. Sample Output
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  54. 15
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