1 when stomata open water is able to leak out of the holes, but the act of opening the stomata is essential for letting carbon dioxide into the plant.


2 water is gained primarily through the roots while some water vapor is allowed in through the leaves

the beetle absorbs a lot of its water in its food. it also gets water by having fog condense on the abdomen and then absorbs it. on the other hand the kangaroo rat gets all of its water from what it eats

the hide is the most effective way of retaining water within the organism. plants have water proof skin to prevent water from seeping out. also plants use thicker leaves to retain water.

3 animals really their skin to retain their water and prevent water loss. higher concentrated urine help prevent unnecessary water waste too.

 4 when animals access a water supply they consume as much as possible. Added to that, it is not uncommon for certain kinds of animals to not have sweat glands but rely on panting to cool themselves down. cactus’s will allow their body temperature to rise up above average levels instead of opening the stomata, thus preventing water loss
    instead of broadsiding the sun, camels prefer to face it allowing for less direct exposure to the sun. Same goes for the cactus who expose the tops of its branches and trunks to the sun. also they store as much water possible whenever possible. Most animals find shade form the sun mid day and prefer to do most of their hunting and scavenging in the at dawn and dusk.

5 a the kangaroo rat
   b the beetle
   c the kangaroo rat

6 Digitaria tend to have a large root mass and deeper roots

7  a) Cicada can exist in hot temperatures
    b) Cicada use a ping method where they literally ping the ground to find find water stored beneath the surface. they also rely on evaporate cooling to exist in extremely hot temperatures.

8