$ cat example.cc
#include <cstdio>
#include <boost/python.hpp>

void foo() {
    printf("can I go home now?\n");
}

BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(example)
{
    boost::python::def("foo", foo);
}
$ g++ -I/usr/include/python2.6 -shared -o example.so example.cc -lboost_python
$ python -c 'import example; example.foo()'
can I go home now?