2020-04-25 Saturday: 4 Opportunities

Greg Malivuk
gmalivuk@staffordhouse.com
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - Notes from all classes.
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Homework: Write a blog post about a real or fictional weekend you had. Try to use both new tenses from today and some of the more interesting vocabulary from p. 41
	Also: read p. 51 (unit 4 pdf p. 7) and do p. 50 (pdf p. 6) parts 2, 3, and 4
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(We will continue with online class at least through May 16.)
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part 2
a paragraph 3
b paragraph 4
c paragraph 2
d paragraph 1
part 3
1 d
2 e - entrepreneurs
3 a
4 b
5 f
6 c
part 4
1 T
2 T
3 F
4 F
5 T
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After an anonymous phone call, the police go to a house to arrest a suspected murderer. They don't know what he looks like but they know his name is John and that he is inside the house. The police enter and see a carpenter, a truck driver, a mechanic and a fireman all playing poker. Without hesitation or communication of any kind, they immediately arrest the fireman. How do they know they've got their man?
- Ask yes/no questions to figure out the answer.
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What job did you want to do when you were a child? Did you change your mind? Why?
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vocabulary: describing jobs
p. 45 (pdf p. 1) part 3
	(vet = veterinarian)
Think of one job that each word in part 3 can describe. (Use a dictionary like http://learnersdictionary.com/ if you both don’t know a word.)

This job is demanding. = This job requires a lot of energy from the workers.
This job is in demand. = Many people are needed for this job.
A rewarding job is a job that makes you feel like you’ve done something good for the world.
A satisfying job is one that makes you feel good when you do it well.
A secure job is a job where you probably won’t be fired or laid off.
A safe job is a job where you probably won’t be injured.
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4b
p. 48 (pdf p. 4) - What do these women do?
Devi is a gas station attendant.
Elisabeth is a cheesemonger. (You can also say “cheese seller”.)
Sahera is a student who just graduated.
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part 2 - Choose the correct information.
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Grammar: decisions and plans about the future

p. 175 (audioscript pdf p. 3) - In the script for Elisabeth, find one example of:
Something she’s already decided to do: I’m going to take the early retirement package. I’m going to start my own business.
Something she has arranged to do: I’m meeting the bank manager on Wednesday.
Something she decides to do while speaking: Just a moment, I’ll get you some.
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English has 4 ways to describe decisions or plans about the future:
will + base form = decisions made while speaking; offers and promises to the listener
[be] going to + base form = decisions made before speaking (with or without arrangements)
present continuous = decisions with arrangements made before speaking (must be an action verb)
(simple present = scheduled events, often written down somewhere)
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For many decisions, no additional arrangements are necessary, so “going to” and present continuous have the same meaning. In this case we usually prefer present continuous because it’s shorter.
	I’m staying at home tomorrow. = I’m going to stay at home tomorrow.
For decisions that involve other people, arrangements include at least telling the other person about it.
	I’m meeting him on Wednesday. = He and I have agreed to the time of the meeting.
	I’m going to meet him on Wednesday. = I may or may not have arranged this with him already.
	- This often means I haven’t arranged it with him, because if I had, I’d use present continuous.
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It’s near the end of the day and I realize I don’t have time to meet with my employee today.
	I’ll meet with him tomorrow instead.
A few minutes later, I tell my assistant about the new plan.
	I’m going to meet with him tomorrow.
After the employee has confirmed the new plan and agrees to meet tomorrow.
	I’m meeting with him tomorrow.
The next morning, when my assitant has added it to my schedule for the day.
	I meet with him at 2:30 today.
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p. 49 (pdf p. 5) part 8 - Choose the correct options. (If it’s a prediction, we must use “will” or “going to”.)
1 I’m taking
2 I’m starting
3 I’m going to take (She has probably signed up for the class (an arrangement), so she could also say “I’m taking”.)
4 I’m going to manage (prediction, not a plan)
5 they are going to do
	(Without a phrase like “next year”, present continuous mean right now.)
6 I’m going to be (prediction, also not an action)
7 I’ll have (unsure prediction)
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part 10 - Which events can go in each career path?
1 pass a test
2 get bad grades / fail a test
3 take a training course
4 get a degree in ____
drop out = quit (before graduation)
be kicked out = be “fired” from school
apprentice/apprenticeship - “practicing” for a trade or vocational job (mechanic, electrician, plumber)
intern/internship - “practicing” for an office or professional job
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BREAK
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Vocabulary: pay and benefits
p. 50 (pdf p. 6) parts 9 and 10 - Do you understand these job features?
salary = income for a full-time “career” jobs, in the US we talk about it as a yearly amount
wage = income per hour of work
flex time = you have some requirement (maybe 8 hours/day or 40 hours/week), but your start and end times are flexible
clock in/out is sometimes called punch in/out, because of old-fashioned punch clocks
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How many job interviews have you had in your life?
What are some common interview questions?
Why might an interviewer ask the “Brainteaser” questions?
https://www.themuse.com/advice/7-insane-brain-teasers-you-could-actually-encounter-in-an-interview
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With your partners, pick a job that you’re going to hire someone to do, and agree on 5 interview questions to ask a potential employee.
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Then I will mix up the groups. Do two speed job interviews. (One person asks their questions for 5 minutes, the other person can invent whatever answers they like. Then you switch.)
After doing this twice, I’ll return you to your original group and you’ll compare notes and decide who to hire.
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Grammar: modals for predictions
- The other common thing we talk about in the future is predictions (of actions and situations we can’t control)

(It’s going to rain. = I am very confident, for example because I see dark clouds and hear some thunder now.)

It will certainly/definitely rain. = I am completely confident. (The probability is near 100%.)
It will probably rain.  = I am mostly confident. (The probability is more than 50%.)
It may/might/could rain. = I think this is a possibility. (The probability is not 0%.)
It may/might not rain. = I think this is a possibility. (The probability of rain is not 100%.)
It probably won’t rain. = I’m mostly confident about no rain. (The probability of rain is less than 50%.)
It certainly/definitely won’t rain. = I’m completely confident about no rain. (The probability is near 0%.)

(It couldn’t rain. = I think rain is impossible.)
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Vocabulary: “job” and “work”

job = countable noun for a task or occupation
work = uncountable noun for the time and effort that you spend doing something
work = verb for spending time and effort on something
work = verb for functioning or performing
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p. 47 (pdf p. 3) part 11 - Complete the sentences with the correct form of “job” or “work”.
1 work (v)
2 job
3 work (n)
4 work (v)
5 work (n)
6 work (v)
7 jobs (n) (You could also say, “I have a little work to finish.”)
8 work (n)
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Homework: 3-4 test