Кусок xml:
<TableLayout
    android:layout_width= "match_parent"
    android:layout_height= "wrap_content"
    android:layout_weight="70"
    android:weightSum="50"
    ... тут id и типа того />

Код на котлине:

val tableData: Array<Array<String>> = ...
val table = <TableLayout>findViewById(...)
val rowLayoutParams = LayoutParams(
    LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, table.weightSum / tableData.size
)

for (rowData in tableData) {
    val row = TableRow(this)
    row.layoutParams = rowLayoutParams
    row.weightSum = rowData.size.toFloat()
    ... тут background и textSize
    val colLayoutParams = LayoutParams(
    LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, row.weightSum / rowData.size
    )
    for (colData in rowData) {
        val col = TextView(this)
        col.layoutParams = colLayoutParams
        col.text = colData
        row.addView(col)
    }
    table.addView(row)
}