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  1. #listen_addresses = 'localhost'     # what IP address(es) to listen on;
  2.                     # comma-separated list of addresses;
  3.                     # defaults to 'localhost', '*' = all
  4.                     # (change requires restart)
  5. #port = 5432                # (change requires restart)
  6. max_connections = 100           # (change requires restart)
  7. # Note:  Increasing max_connections costs ~400 bytes of shared memory per
  8. # connection slot, plus lock space (see max_locks_per_transaction).
  9. #superuser_reserved_connections = 3 # (change requires restart)
  10. #unix_socket_directory = ''     # (change requires restart)
  11. #unix_socket_group = ''         # (change requires restart)
  12. #unix_socket_permissions = 0777     # begin with 0 to use octal notation
  13.                     # (change requires restart)
  14. #bonjour = off              # advertise server via Bonjour
  15.                     # (change requires restart)
  16. #bonjour_name = ''          # defaults to the computer name
  17.                     # (change requires restart)
  18.  
  19. # - Security and Authentication -
  20.  
  21. #authentication_timeout = 1min      # 1s-600s
  22. #ssl = off              # (change requires restart)
  23. #ssl_ciphers = 'ALL:!ADH:!LOW:!EXP:!MD5:@STRENGTH'  # allowed SSL ciphers
  24.                     # (change requires restart)
  25. #ssl_renegotiation_limit = 512MB    # amount of data between renegotiations
  26. #password_encryption = on
  27. #db_user_namespace = off
  28.  
  29. # Kerberos and GSSAPI
  30. #krb_server_keyfile = ''
  31. #krb_srvname = 'postgres'       # (Kerberos only)
  32. #krb_caseins_users = off
  33.  
  34. # - TCP Keepalives -
  35. # see "man 7 tcp" for details
  36.  
  37. #tcp_keepalives_idle = 0        # TCP_KEEPIDLE, in seconds;
  38.                     # 0 selects the system default
  39. #tcp_keepalives_interval = 0        # TCP_KEEPINTVL, in seconds;
  40.                     # 0 selects the system default
  41. #tcp_keepalives_count = 0       # TCP_KEEPCNT;
  42.                     # 0 selects the system default
  43.  
  44.  
  45. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  46. # RESOURCE USAGE (except WAL)
  47. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  48.  
  49. # - Memory -
  50.  
  51. shared_buffers = 24MB           # min 128kB
  52.                     # (change requires restart)
  53. #temp_buffers = 8MB         # min 800kB
  54. #max_prepared_transactions = 0      # zero disables the feature
  55.                     # (change requires restart)
  56. # Note:  Increasing max_prepared_transactions costs ~600 bytes of shared memory
  57. # per transaction slot, plus lock space (see max_locks_per_transaction).
  58. # It is not advisable to set max_prepared_transactions nonzero unless you
  59. # actively intend to use prepared transactions.
  60. #work_mem = 1MB             # min 64kB
  61. #maintenance_work_mem = 16MB        # min 1MB
  62. #max_stack_depth = 2MB          # min 100kB
  63.  
  64. # - Kernel Resource Usage -
  65.  
  66. #max_files_per_process = 1000       # min 25
  67.                     # (change requires restart)
  68. #shared_preload_libraries = ''      # (change requires restart)
  69.  
  70. # - Cost-Based Vacuum Delay -
  71.  
  72. #vacuum_cost_delay = 0ms        # 0-100 milliseconds
  73. #vacuum_cost_page_hit = 1       # 0-10000 credits
  74. #vacuum_cost_page_miss = 10     # 0-10000 credits
  75. #vacuum_cost_page_dirty = 20        # 0-10000 credits
  76. #vacuum_cost_limit = 200        # 1-10000 credits
  77.  
  78. # - Background Writer -
  79.  
  80. #bgwriter_delay = 200ms         # 10-10000ms between rounds
  81. #bgwriter_lru_maxpages = 100        # 0-1000 max buffers written/round
  82. #bgwriter_lru_multiplier = 2.0      # 0-10.0 multipler on buffers scanned/round
  83.  
  84. # - Asynchronous Behavior -
  85.  
  86. #effective_io_concurrency = 1       # 1-1000. 0 disables prefetching
  87.  
  88.  
  89. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  90. # WRITE AHEAD LOG
  91. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  92.  
  93. # - Settings -
  94.  
  95. #wal_level = minimal            # minimal, archive, or hot_standby
  96.                     # (change requires restart)
  97. #fsync = on             # turns forced synchronization on or off
  98. #synchronous_commit = on        # synchronization level; on, off, or local
  99. #wal_sync_method = fsync        # the default is the first option
  100.                     # supported by the operating system:
  101.                     #   open_datasync
  102.                     #   fdatasync (default on Linux)
  103.                     #   fsync
  104.                     #   fsync_writethrough
  105.                     #   open_sync
  106. #full_page_writes = on          # recover from partial page writes
  107. #wal_buffers = -1           # min 32kB, -1 sets based on shared_buffers
  108.                     # (change requires restart)
  109. #wal_writer_delay = 200ms       # 1-10000 milliseconds
  110.  
  111. #commit_delay = 0           # range 0-100000, in microseconds
  112. #commit_siblings = 5            # range 1-1000
  113.  
  114. # - Checkpoints -
  115.  
  116. #checkpoint_segments = 3        # in logfile segments, min 1, 16MB each
  117. #checkpoint_timeout = 5min      # range 30s-1h
  118. #checkpoint_completion_target = 0.5 # checkpoint target duration, 0.0 - 1.0
  119. #checkpoint_warning = 30s       # 0 disables
  120.  
  121. # - Archiving -
  122.  
  123. #archive_mode = off     # allows archiving to be done
  124.                 # (change requires restart)
  125. #archive_command = ''       # command to use to archive a logfile segment
  126. #archive_timeout = 0        # force a logfile segment switch after this
  127.                 # number of seconds; 0 disables
  128.  
  129.  
  130. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  131. # REPLICATION
  132. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  133.  
  134. # - Master Server -
  135.  
  136. # These settings are ignored on a standby server
  137.  
  138. #max_wal_senders = 0        # max number of walsender processes
  139.                 # (change requires restart)
  140. #wal_sender_delay = 1s      # walsender cycle time, 1-10000 milliseconds
  141. #wal_keep_segments = 0      # in logfile segments, 16MB each; 0 disables
  142. #vacuum_defer_cleanup_age = 0   # number of xacts by which cleanup is delayed
  143. #replication_timeout = 60s  # in milliseconds; 0 disables
  144. #synchronous_standby_names = '' # standby servers that provide sync rep
  145.                 # comma-separated list of application_name
  146.                 # from standby(s); '*' = all
  147.  
  148. # - Standby Servers -
  149.  
  150. # These settings are ignored on a master server
  151.  
  152. #hot_standby = off          # "on" allows queries during recovery
  153.                     # (change requires restart)
  154. #max_standby_archive_delay = 30s    # max delay before canceling queries
  155.                     # when reading WAL from archive;
  156.                     # -1 allows indefinite delay
  157. #max_standby_streaming_delay = 30s  # max delay before canceling queries
  158.                     # when reading streaming WAL;
  159.                     # -1 allows indefinite delay
  160. #wal_receiver_status_interval = 10s # send replies at least this often
  161.                     # 0 disables
  162. #hot_standby_feedback = off     # send info from standby to prevent
  163.                     # query conflicts
  164.  
  165.  
  166. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  167. # QUERY TUNING
  168. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  169.  
  170. # - Planner Method Configuration -
  171.  
  172. #enable_bitmapscan = on
  173. #enable_hashagg = on
  174. #enable_hashjoin = on
  175. #enable_indexscan = on
  176. enable_material = on
  177. #enable_mergejoin = on
  178. #enable_nestloop = on
  179. #enable_seqscan = on
  180. #enable_sort = on
  181. #enable_tidscan = on
  182.  
  183. # - Planner Cost Constants -
  184.  
  185. #seq_page_cost = 1.0            # measured on an arbitrary scale
  186. #random_page_cost = 4.0         # same scale as above
  187. #cpu_tuple_cost = 0.01          # same scale as above
  188. #cpu_index_tuple_cost = 0.005       # same scale as above
  189. #cpu_operator_cost = 0.0025     # same scale as above
  190. #effective_cache_size = 128MB
  191.  
  192. # - Genetic Query Optimizer -
  193.  
  194. #geqo = on
  195. #geqo_threshold = 12
  196. #geqo_effort = 5            # range 1-10
  197. #geqo_pool_size = 0         # selects default based on effort
  198. #geqo_generations = 0           # selects default based on effort
  199. #geqo_selection_bias = 2.0      # range 1.5-2.0
  200. #geqo_seed = 0.0            # range 0.0-1.0
  201.  
  202. # - Other Planner Options -
  203.  
  204. #default_statistics_target = 100    # range 1-10000
  205. #constraint_exclusion = partition   # on, off, or partition
  206. #cursor_tuple_fraction = 0.1        # range 0.0-1.0
  207. #from_collapse_limit = 8
  208. #join_collapse_limit = 8        # 1 disables collapsing of explicit
  209.                     # JOIN clauses
  210.  
  211.  
  212. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  213. # ERROR REPORTING AND LOGGING
  214. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  215.  
  216. # - Where to Log -
  217.  
  218. log_destination = 'stderr'      # Valid values are combinations of
  219.                     # stderr, csvlog, syslog, and eventlog,
  220.                     # depending on platform.  csvlog
  221.                     # requires logging_collector to be on.
  222.  
  223. # This is used when logging to stderr:
  224. logging_collector = on          # Enable capturing of stderr and csvlog
  225.                     # into log files. Required to be on for
  226.                     # csvlogs.
  227.                     # (change requires restart)
  228.  
  229. # These are only used if logging_collector is on:
  230. log_directory = 'pg_log'        # directory where log files are written,
  231.                     # can be absolute or relative to PGDATA
  232. log_filename = 'postgresql-%a.log'  # log file name pattern,
  233.                     # can include strftime() escapes
  234. #log_file_mode = 0600           # creation mode for log files,
  235.                     # begin with 0 to use octal notation
  236. log_truncate_on_rotation = on       # If on, an existing log file with the
  237.                     # same name as the new log file will be
  238.                     # truncated rather than appended to.
  239.                     # But such truncation only occurs on
  240.                     # time-driven rotation, not on restarts
  241.                     # or size-driven rotation.  Default is
  242.                     # off, meaning append to existing files
  243.                     # in all cases.
  244. log_rotation_age = 1d           # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
  245.                     # happen after that time.  0 disables.
  246. log_rotation_size = 0           # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
  247.                     # happen after that much log output.
  248.                     # 0 disables.
  249.  
  250. # These are relevant when logging to syslog:
  251. #syslog_facility = 'LOCAL0'
  252. #syslog_ident = 'postgres'
  253.  
  254. #silent_mode = off          # Run server silently.
  255.                     # DO NOT USE without syslog or
  256.                     # logging_collector
  257.                     # (change requires restart)
  258.  
  259.  
  260. # - When to Log -
  261.  
  262. #client_min_messages = notice       # values in order of decreasing detail:
  263.                     #   debug5
  264.                     #   debug4
  265.                     #   debug3
  266.                     #   debug2
  267.                     #   debug1
  268.                     #   log
  269.                     #   notice
  270.                     #   warning
  271.                     #   error
  272.  
  273. #log_min_messages = warning     # values in order of decreasing detail:
  274.                     #   debug5
  275.                     #   debug4
  276.                     #   debug3
  277.                     #   debug2
  278.                     #   debug1
  279.                     #   info
  280.                     #   notice
  281.                     #   warning
  282.                     #   error
  283.                     #   log
  284.                     #   fatal
  285.                     #   panic
  286.  
  287. #log_min_error_statement = error    # values in order of decreasing detail:
  288.                     #   debug5
  289.                     #   debug4
  290.                     #   debug3
  291.                     #   debug2
  292.                     #   debug1
  293.                     #   info
  294.                     #   notice
  295.                     #   warning
  296.                     #   error
  297.                     #   log
  298.                     #   fatal
  299.                     #   panic (effectively off)
  300.  
  301. #log_min_duration_statement = -1    # -1 is disabled, 0 logs all statements
  302.                     # and their durations, > 0 logs only
  303.                     # statements running at least this number
  304.                     # of milliseconds
  305.  
  306.  
  307. # - What to Log -
  308.  
  309. #debug_print_parse = off
  310. #debug_print_rewritten = off
  311. #debug_print_plan = off
  312. #debug_pretty_print = on
  313. #log_checkpoints = off
  314. #log_connections = off
  315. #log_disconnections = off
  316. #log_duration = off
  317. #log_error_verbosity = default      # terse, default, or verbose messages
  318. #log_hostname = off
  319. #log_line_prefix = ''           # special values:
  320.                     #   %a = application name
  321.                     #   %u = user name
  322.                     #   %d = database name
  323.                     #   %r = remote host and port
  324.                     #   %h = remote host
  325.                     #   %p = process ID
  326.                     #   %t = timestamp without milliseconds
  327.                     #   %m = timestamp with milliseconds
  328.                     #   %i = command tag
  329.                     #   %e = SQL state
  330.                     #   %c = session ID
  331.                     #   %l = session line number
  332.                     #   %s = session start timestamp
  333.                     #   %v = virtual transaction ID
  334.                     #   %x = transaction ID (0 if none)
  335.                     #   %q = stop here in non-session
  336.                     #        processes
  337.                     #   %% = '%'
  338.                     # e.g. '<%u%%%d> '
  339. #log_lock_waits = off           # log lock waits >= deadlock_timeout
  340. #log_statement = 'none'         # none, ddl, mod, all
  341. #log_temp_files = -1            # log temporary files equal or larger
  342.                     # than the specified size in kilobytes;
  343.                     # -1 disables, 0 logs all temp files
  344. #log_timezone = '(defaults to server environment setting)'
  345.  
  346.  
  347. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  348. # RUNTIME STATISTICS
  349. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  350.  
  351. # - Query/Index Statistics Collector -
  352.  
  353. #track_activities = on
  354. #track_counts = on
  355. #track_functions = none         # none, pl, all
  356. #track_activity_query_size = 1024   # (change requires restart)
  357. #update_process_title = on
  358. #stats_temp_directory = 'pg_stat_tmp'
  359.  
  360.  
  361. # - Statistics Monitoring -
  362.  
  363. #log_parser_stats = off
  364. #log_planner_stats = off
  365. #log_executor_stats = off
  366. #log_statement_stats = off
  367.  
  368.  
  369. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  370. # AUTOVACUUM PARAMETERS
  371. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  372.  
  373. #autovacuum = on            # Enable autovacuum subprocess?  'on'
  374.                     # requires track_counts to also be on.
  375. #log_autovacuum_min_duration = -1   # -1 disables, 0 logs all actions and
  376.                     # their durations, > 0 logs only
  377.                     # actions running at least this number
  378.                     # of milliseconds.
  379. #autovacuum_max_workers = 3     # max number of autovacuum subprocesses
  380.                     # (change requires restart)
  381. #autovacuum_naptime = 1min      # time between autovacuum runs
  382. #autovacuum_vacuum_threshold = 50   # min number of row updates before
  383.                     # vacuum
  384. #autovacuum_analyze_threshold = 50  # min number of row updates before
  385.                     # analyze
  386. #autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor = 0.2   # fraction of table size before vacuum
  387. #autovacuum_analyze_scale_factor = 0.1  # fraction of table size before analyze
  388. #autovacuum_freeze_max_age = 200000000  # maximum XID age before forced vacuum
  389.                     # (change requires restart)
  390. #autovacuum_vacuum_cost_delay = 20ms    # default vacuum cost delay for
  391.                     # autovacuum, in milliseconds;
  392.                     # -1 means use vacuum_cost_delay
  393. #autovacuum_vacuum_cost_limit = -1  # default vacuum cost limit for
  394.                     # autovacuum, -1 means use
  395.                     # vacuum_cost_limit
  396.  
  397.  
  398. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  399. # CLIENT CONNECTION DEFAULTS
  400. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  401.  
  402. # - Statement Behavior -
  403.  
  404. #search_path = '"$user",public'     # schema names
  405. #default_tablespace = ''        # a tablespace name, '' uses the default
  406. #temp_tablespaces = ''          # a list of tablespace names, '' uses
  407.                     # only default tablespace
  408. #check_function_bodies = on
  409. #default_transaction_isolation = 'read committed'
  410. #default_transaction_read_only = off
  411. #default_transaction_deferrable = off
  412. #session_replication_role = 'origin'
  413. #statement_timeout = 0          # in milliseconds, 0 is disabled
  414. #vacuum_freeze_min_age = 50000000
  415. #vacuum_freeze_table_age = 150000000
  416. #bytea_output = 'hex'           # hex, escape
  417. #xmlbinary = 'base64'
  418. #xmloption = 'content'
  419.  
  420. # - Locale and Formatting -
  421.  
  422. datestyle = 'iso, mdy'
  423. #intervalstyle = 'postgres'
  424. #timezone = '(defaults to server environment setting)'
  425. #timezone_abbreviations = 'Default'     # Select the set of available time zone
  426.                     # abbreviations.  Currently, there are
  427.                     #   Default
  428.                     #   Australia
  429.                     #   India
  430.                     # You can create your own file in
  431.                     # share/timezonesets/.
  432. #extra_float_digits = 0         # min -15, max 3
  433. #client_encoding = sql_ascii        # actually, defaults to database
  434.                     # encoding
  435.  
  436. # These settings are initialized by initdb, but they can be changed.
  437. lc_messages = 'en_US.UTF-8'         # locale for system error message
  438.                     # strings
  439. lc_monetary = 'en_US.UTF-8'         # locale for monetary formatting
  440. lc_numeric = 'en_US.UTF-8'          # locale for number formatting
  441. lc_time = 'en_US.UTF-8'             # locale for time formatting
  442.  
  443. # default configuration for text search
  444. default_text_search_config = 'pg_catalog.english'
  445.  
  446. # - Other Defaults -
  447.  
  448. #dynamic_library_path = '$libdir'
  449. #local_preload_libraries = ''
  450.  
  451.  
  452. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  453. # LOCK MANAGEMENT
  454. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  455.  
  456. #deadlock_timeout = 1s
  457. #max_locks_per_transaction = 64     # min 10
  458.                     # (change requires restart)
  459. # Note:  Each lock table slot uses ~270 bytes of shared memory, and there are
  460. # max_locks_per_transaction * (max_connections + max_prepared_transactions)
  461. # lock table slots.
  462. #max_pred_locks_per_transaction = 64    # min 10
  463.                     # (change requires restart)
  464.  
  465. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  466. # VERSION/PLATFORM COMPATIBILITY
  467. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  468.  
  469. # - Previous PostgreSQL Versions -
  470.  
  471. #array_nulls = on
  472. #backslash_quote = safe_encoding    # on, off, or safe_encoding
  473. #default_with_oids = off
  474. #escape_string_warning = on
  475. #lo_compat_privileges = off
  476. #quote_all_identifiers = off
  477. #sql_inheritance = on
  478. #standard_conforming_strings = on
  479. #synchronize_seqscans = on
  480.  
  481. # - Other Platforms and Clients -
  482.  
  483. #transform_null_equals = off
  484.  
  485.  
  486. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  487. # ERROR HANDLING
  488. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  489.  
  490. #exit_on_error = off                # terminate session on any error?
  491. #restart_after_crash = on           # reinitialize after backend crash?
  492.  
  493.  
  494. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  495. # CUSTOMIZED OPTIONS
  496. #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  497.  
  498. #custom_variable_classes = ''       # list of custom variable class names
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