<?php // Display this loop for the blog
    } else { ?>

        <?php $count = 0; ?>

            <?php if (have_posts()) : ?>

                <div class="posts">

                    <?php while (have_posts() && ($count <= 8)) : the_post(); $count++; ?>

                        <?php
    $subcat = get_categories('child_of=47'); $ids47 = array('47'); foreach($subcat as $c) $ids47[] = (string)$c->term_id;

    $subcat = get_categories('child_of=4'); $ids4 = array('4'); foreach($subcat as $c) $ids4[] = (string)$c->term_id;

    $subcat = get_categories('child_of=14'); $ids14 = array('14'); foreach($subcat as $c) $ids14[] = (string)$c->term_id;

    $subcat = get_categories('child_of=5'); $ids5 = array('5'); foreach($subcat as $c) $ids5[] = (string)$c->term_id;

                        if ( in_category($ids47) ) { ?>
                            <div class="post small">
                                <div class="post-img-small-news fl"><a href="<?php the_permalink(); ?>" rel="bookmark" title="<?php the_title_attribute(); ?>"><?php the_post_thumbnail('small'); ?></a></div>
                                    <h2 class="post-title fl"><a href="<?php the_permalink(); ?>" rel="bookmark" title="<?php the_title_attribute(); ?>"><?php the_title(); ?></a></h2>
                                    <div class="post-comments fr"><?php comments_popup_link('0', '1', '%'); ?></div>
                                    <p class="post-meta-news fl"><?php the_time('j F Y'); ?>, In <strong><?php the_category(', '); ?></strong> | Autore <strong><?php the_author_posts_link(); ?></strong></p>
                                    <p class="post-excerpt-news fl"><?php the_excerpt(); ?></p>
                                <div class="clear"></div>
                            </div><!--post(small)-->

                        <?php } elseif ( in_category($ids4) ) { ?>
                            <div class="post small">
                                <div class="post-img-small-extra fl"><a href="<?php the_permalink(); ?>" rel="bookmark" title="<?php the_title_attribute(); ?>"><?php the_post_thumbnail('small'); ?></a></div>
                                <h2 class="post-title fl"><a href="<?php the_permalink(); ?>" rel="bookmark" title="<?php the_title_attribute(); ?>"><?php the_title(); ?></a></h2>
                                <div class="post-comments fr"><?php comments_popup_link('0', '1', '%'); ?></div>
                                <p class="post-meta-extra fl"><?php the_time('j F Y'); ?>, In <strong><?php the_category(', '); ?></strong> | Autore <strong><?php the_author_posts_link(); ?></strong></p>
                                <p class="post-excerpt-extra fl"><?php the_excerpt(); ?></p>
                                <div class="clear"></div>
                            </div><!--post(small)-->

                        <?php } elseif ( in_category($ids14) ) { ?>
                            <div class="post small">
                                <div class="post-img-small-libri fl"><a href="<?php the_permalink(); ?>" rel="bookmark" title="<?php the_title_attribute(); ?>"><?php the_post_thumbnail('small'); ?></a></div>
                                <h2 class="post-title fl"><a href="<?php the_permalink(); ?>" rel="bookmark" title="<?php the_title_attribute(); ?>"><?php the_title(); ?></a></h2>
                                <div class="post-comments fr"><?php comments_popup_link('0', '1', '%'); ?></div>
                                <p class="post-meta-libri fl"><?php the_time('j F Y'); ?>, In <strong><?php the_category(', '); ?></strong> | Autore <strong><?php the_author_posts_link(); ?></strong></p>
                                <p class="post-excerpt-libri fl"><?php the_excerpt(); ?></p>
                                <div class="clear"></div>
                            </div><!--post(small)-->

                <?php } elseif ( in_category($ids5) ) { ?>
                    <div class="post small">
                                            <div class="post-img-small-finzioni fl"><a href="<?php the_permalink(); ?>" rel="bookmark" title="<?php the_title_attribute(); ?>"><?php the_post_thumbnail('small'); ?></a></div>
                                            <h2 class="post-title fl"><a href="<?php the_permalink(); ?>" rel="bookmark" title="<?php the_title_attribute(); ?>"><?php the_title(); ?></a></h2>
                                            <div class="post-comments fr"><?php comments_popup_link('0', '1', '%'); ?></div>
                                            <p class="post-meta-finzioni fl"><?php the_time('j F Y'); ?>, In <strong><?php the_category(', '); ?></strong> | Autore <strong><?php the_author_posts_link(); ?></strong></p>
                                            <p class="post-excerpt-finzioni fl"><?php the_excerpt(); ?></p>
                                            <div class="clear"></div>
                                    </div><!--post(small)-->
                <?php } ?>

                            <?php if( $count == 4 ) : ?>

                            </div><!--posts-->

            <div class="clear"></div>

            <div class="adv_post">
                <div class="adv_content">
                    <a href="#"><img src="<?php bloginfo('template_directory'); ?>/images/468x60.jpg" alt="" width="468" height="60" /></a>
                </div>
                <div class="clear"></div>
            </div>

<div class="posts">

<?php endif; //end of 'if( $count == 4 )'

endwhile; ?>
            </div><!--posts-->


there should be a '<?php endif; ?>' to close the '<?php if (have_posts()) : ?>' here at the end
and the closing '<?php } ?>' for the
'<?php // Display this loop for the blog
    } else { ?>'