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Technical explanation of OBS settings OBS設定的技術解釋

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  1. Technical explanation of OBS settings OBS設定的技術解釋
  2. 原出處 http://obsproject.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=18&t=642
  3.  
  4. 譯者: Append
  5.  
  6.  
  7. This post contains technical explanations of some of the OBS settings.
  8. 這篇文章包含了一些OBS設定的技術解釋。
  9.  
  10. General
  11. 一般
  12.  
  13. This section should be self explanatory.
  14. 這一節不解自明。
  15.  
  16. Encoding
  17. 編碼
  18.  
  19. Video
  20. 影像編碼
  21.  
  22. Quality Balance
  23. This controls the CRF parameter in x264. Combined with the VBV system, this generally controls the CRF with which static scenes are encoded at. If you specify quality 10, static scenes will look better, but leave less buffer space available if there is sudden motion, resulting in pixelation. Using a quality of 5 or 6 will make static scenes slightly worse, but in the case of motion, quality will be improved. Experiment with this depending on your input, for FPS games and other high activity scenes you probably want this lower than 10. For fairly static games like MTG, FTL, turn based strategy, etc, you can stick with 10 without a problem.
  24.  
  25. Recommended: Varies, 5-10 depending on source.
  26. 品質
  27. 這格控制x264編碼器中的CRF參數;與VBV系統結合之後,這通常控制靜態場景的CRF。
  28. 如果你把品質設定在10,靜態的場景會比較好看,但是這就會把緩衝的空間都佔滿,如果突然有動作可能就會變成一堆格子。
  29. 相對的,如果你把品質設定在5或6,靜態的場景可能會差一點點,但是動態部分的品質會有改善。
  30. 實際使用上,這跟你輸入的影像有關係。如果你是玩FPS遊戲,或是有一些畫面變動很快的場景,你很可能會希望這個值低於10;相對的,如果你玩的遊戲畫面不太會動,像是魔法風雲會和一些回合戰略遊戲之類的,那你可以毫不猶豫的把品質設定成10,完全不用擔心。
  31. 建議:不太固定,5-10,看你的影片是什麼。
  32.  
  33. 白話文:如果你想打槍槍或是玩Sonic這種畫面動得很快的遊戲,把值調低;
  34. 如果你的畫面主要沒什麼變,或是變得很慢,例如繪圖台或是聊天室,設成10。
  35.  
  36.  
  37. Max Bitrate
  38. Basically tells x264 to target this bitrate in kbps. The actual bitrate will vary depending on the complexity of the scene. Set this to around 80% of your upload speed. If you have high upload speed, keep in mind that your viewers will require an equivalent download speed to be able to view your stream, so you probably don't want to go over 3500kbps or so.
  39.  
  40. Recommended: 80% of your upload speed or 3500kbps (whichever is lower)
  41. 最大位元速率
  42. 基本上,這告訴x264編碼器以這個位元率為目標,單位是kbps。實際的位元率會隨著場景的複雜度而變動。把這個值設定在你的最大上傳速率的80%。如果你有非常高的上傳速率,那麼請記得你的收看者會需要相同的下傳速度才有辦法看到你的實況,所以通常你不會希望超過3500kbps。
  43. 建議:你的最大上傳速率的80%,但是盡量不要超過3500kbps。
  44.  
  45. 白話文:如果你有1M的上傳,原則上就不要超過800kbps。如果你有10M的上傳,千萬不要傻傻地設定成8000kbps,沒有人看的到你在幹嘛,最多請不要超過3500kbps。
  46.  
  47. 譯者註:台灣到JTV/TTV的連線一向不是很穩,特別是熱門時段的下傳很不夠。雖然作者建議上限是3500kbps,但是其實我覺得2000kbps就非常容易卡...
  48.  
  49. Buffer Size
  50. This ties in closely with the bitrate. x264 will encode everything into a fixed size buffer of this size. If there is a sudden scene change and high motion, it can fill up this buffer at a rate faster than the average max bitrate. Eg if you have a bitrate of 3000 and a buffer of 6000, x264 could decide that if a scene is complex enough, to use 5000 of the 6000 buffer at once. This makes your actual network bitrate quite spiky, which can lead to latency issues if queuing occurs on your modem or router. Raising this makes the stream bitrate more spiky but improves quality, reducing this makes the bitrate more tightly controlled and closer to the max bitrate setting. Don't set this too high as the client-side decode buffer will also need to be this big, and you have no control over that.
  51.  
  52. Recommended: Same as bitrate
  53. 緩衝大小
  54. 這和位元率息息相關。x264編碼器會把所有東西都編碼成一塊固定大小的緩衝區塊。如果突然出現一個大幅變化的場景,那他把這個緩衝區快塞滿的速率就會比平時快很多。舉例來說,如果你把位元率設在3000,把緩衝大小設在6000,那x264會去判斷這個場景是不是夠複雜,可能會直接用掉其中的5000。這會讓你的實際上傳速率大幅跳動,因而可能導致傳送延遲的問題。把這個值提高會讓你的上傳速率跳動的更嚴重,但是相對的會讓品質提升;降低這個值能夠更精確的把實際上傳控制到前面設定的最大位元速率。由於收看者端也需要相同大小的緩衝區塊來進行解碼,因此請不要把這個值設定的太高。
  55. 建議:設定的和最大位元速率一樣。
  56.  
  57. 白話文:設定的和最大位元速率一樣,除非你嫌這樣品質很差可是調其他的沒有用。
  58.  
  59. Use CBR
  60. This will set x264 into CBR mode. The "quality" setting will have no effect as the quality will be determined entirely by your bitrate, and x264 will try to ensure your stream goes out at exactly the bitrate specified. This results in a less spiky (bandwidth wise) stream at the slight cost of quality, as x264 cannot allocate more bits to high motion without violating the CBR restriction. It will also cause both you and your viewers to consume more bandwidth as scenes with no motion at all will still use the specified bitrate.
  61.  
  62. CBR can help with QoS issues caused by variable bitrate as TCP is not well designed for variable bandwidth. The quality cost of CBR is quite low and the issues it can fix such as viewers complaining of lag when there are no dropped frames make this worth trying, and it also eliminates the burden of having to pick an appropriate quality value.
  63.  
  64. Recommended: On / Off, depending on personal preference.
  65.  
  66. 使用CBR固定位元率
  67. 這會讓x264編碼器進入"固定位元速率"模式。在這個模式之下,"品質"選項將不會產生任何影響,實際品質單純由你的最大位元速率決定。這會讓影像串流使用的頻寬不會上下跳動,但是可能會因為x264編碼器沒辦法在動態較高時使用多一些的頻寬,因而損失一些品質。這同時會讓你和你的收看者在靜態場景的時候浪費固定不必要的頻寬。
  68.  
  69. 因為TCP協定並不適合進行變動頻寬的傳輸,"固定位元速率"可以協助解決由於頻寬變動造成的QoS問題。"固定位元速率"所損失的品質並不多,在觀眾抱怨實況延遲而實際沒有丟失影格的情況下,這個選項值得一試。同時,如果真的找不到一個適合的品質選項,固定位元速率可以直接避開這個選擇。
  70.  
  71. 建議:開啟/關閉都好,看個人偏好。
  72. 白話文:真的有人嫌lag而且OBS最下面的丟失影格(Drop frame)沒有上升的時候就打開吧。
  73. 另外如果你的上傳頻寬真的只有1M 設定800K,可是OBS的右下角顯示的動不動就超過1M的話也可以考慮打開。
  74.  
  75. Audio
  76. 音訊編碼
  77.  
  78. Codec
  79. AAC is higher quality at a lower bitrate. MP3 is marginally faster but lower quality.
  80.  
  81. Recommended: AAC
  82. 編解碼器
  83. AAC在低位元速率的時候品質會比MP3好,但是MP3編碼比較快。
  84.  
  85. 白話文:你真的很缺CPU再考慮MP3,正常人請用AAC。
  86.  
  87. Bitrate
  88. Controls the bitrate (and thus quality) of audio. Don't set this lower than 96kbps unless you're really constrained for bandwidth.
  89.  
  90. Recommended: 96 - 128kbps
  91. 位元率
  92. 這控制聲音的位元速率。除非你真的沒有頻寬可用,請盡量不要把這個值設定成小於96kbps。
  93.  
  94. 白話文:上面的夠白話。
  95. 譯者註:其實我覺得很多時候根本就沒有雙聲道這件事情,但是他沒有單聲道的選項可以選是件很詭異的事情。...
  96.  
  97. Broadcast Settings
  98. Everything here should be fairly self-explanatory. One thing to keep in mind, if you're using Twitch or Own3D, make sure to select the closest server to you to minimize latency. If you're using Twitch, try JTVPing from http://www.teamliquid.net/forum/viewmessage.php?topic_id=326034 to find your best server.
  99.  
  100. 廣播設定
  101. 這裡的所有東西應該都不太需要解釋。不過請注意一件事情:如果你打算實況到Twitch或是Own3D,那請選擇離你最近的伺服器來減少網路延遲。如果你用的是Twitch,可以試著用JTVPing來找到對你來說最好的伺服器。
  102.  
  103. 白話文:這邊作者懶得額外解釋,總之如果你用Twitch就乖乖的去抓JTVPing選個好伺服器吧。
  104. 譯者註:JTVPing打開之後會對每個伺服器測量連線的速度,請選擇數字最小的伺服器─理想狀況是三個數字都盡可能小。
  105.  
  106. Minimize Network Impact
  107. If you experience high ping / latency issues when you are streaming, try enabling this option to reduce how often OBS outputs data to the network. This comes at the risk of increased frame drops if the connection to the streaming server is poor.
  108. 低延遲模式
  109. 如果在你實況的同時,遇到一些延遲很嚴重的狀況,可以試著啟用這個選項來減少OBS輸出的次數,不過這同時有可能會造成一些丟失畫格的情形。
  110.  
  111. Video
  112. 影像
  113.  
  114. Base Resolution
  115. This is the main resolution of your scene. This should generally by the same as your monitor resolution, so you can select a monitor to make it match. If you want to stream at a lower resolution, the Resolution Downscale option will provide the best quality. If you really want to stream at a certain resolution, eg 1280x720, you can type it in directly under "Custom". Please keep in mind that if your desktop is 16:10, you should enter a 16:10 custom resolution too (eg 1152x720), or your sources will not scale correctly and you will have black bars on your stream.
  116.  
  117. Recommended: Match your monitor resolution.
  118.  
  119. 基本解析度
  120. 這是你的基本解析度。通常這應該要設的和你的螢幕解析度一樣,所以你可以選擇"監控器",就會設定成他的解析度大小。如果你想要輸出比較低解析度的畫面,下面的"解析度壓縮"選項會給你比較好的品質。如果你真的想要設定成某個特定的解析度,例如1280x720,你可以選擇"自訂",然後自己輸入想要的數值。請記得如果你的螢幕比例是16:10,那你就應該輸入一個16:10的自訂解析度,否則你的影片的縮放可能會不正確,或是出現一些黑邊。
  121.  
  122. 建議:設定成你的螢幕解析度。
  123. 譯者註:上面這個說明大概是針對"全螢幕"遊戲來寫的。如果你實況的遊戲本身是視窗化的,那根本就沒有這種問題,而且你很可能根本就知道原尺寸多大,那就照你遊戲的原尺寸來輸入就好。
  124.  
  125. Resolution Downscale
  126. This allows you to reduce the resolution that the stream is encoded at in a high quality way. If you want to stream at 1280x720 (720p) and your monitor is 1920x1080 (1080p), it is best to use a Base Resolution of 1920x1080 and select 1280x720 from this list. Using the downscale option is like using anti-aliasing - it will make things like text and sharp lines look a lot nicer than if you just set your base resolution to 1280x720.
  127.  
  128. Keep in mind that the resolution of your stream directly impacts how much CPU time and bitrate is required, so if you have a slow CPU or a low upload speed, reducing resolution is one of the best ways to improve things.
  129.  
  130. Recommended: Depends on your CPU and upload speed.
  131.  
  132. 解析度壓縮
  133. 這個選項讓你用比較好的品質來降低影像的解析度。例如,假設你想要輸出1280x720的畫面,而你的螢幕解析度是1920x1080,那你最好在基本解析度的地方設定成1920x1080(也就是直接選螢幕),然後在解析度壓縮的清單中選擇1.50(1280x720)。用這個選項可以使用一些例如反鋸齒的功能來讓影像比較清晰,例如文字和細線都會比你直接設定1280x720來的銳利。
  134.  
  135. 請記得你的影片解析度直接影響到你的CPU使用率和影像位元速率,因此如果你的CPU比較慢,或是上傳頻寬較為不足,壓縮解析度可能是個比較好的選擇。
  136.  
  137. 建議:看你的CPU和上傳速度。
  138. 譯者註:上面這個說明大概仍然是針對全螢幕遊戲來寫的。如果你今天實況紅白機遊戲,開720P還是在浪費大家的頻寬。通常我們會遇到的情況是頻寬有限─特別是台灣到JTV/TTV的連線不是很穩定,很容易出現晚上大家一起喊Lag的狀況。這種時候,如果你想要讓更多人能夠好好地看到你的實況,而且你覺得觀眾很可能不會開全螢幕來看你的實況,把解析度壓低通常是個好選擇。
  139. 另外,在OBS 0.50之後的版本裡面,解析度壓縮多了一個Lanczos過濾器。這很可能可以改善文字壓縮之後變得模糊的情況,願意更新OBS的使用者可以更新看看。
  140.  
  141. FPS
  142. How many frames per second to target. If you have a high end system, 60 fps looks very fluid and is preferred for fast action games like FPS / fighting games. A higher frame rate is directly tied to an increase in CPU requirements, eg 60 fps will require twice as much CPU power as 30 fps. However, 60 fps may not require twice the bitrate, since the improvement in fluidity from 30 fps to 60 fps means there is less time for the eye to notice a quality loss. If you find you have a great CPU but low upload, increasing FPS is one of the best ways to improve quality.
  143.  
  144. Recommended: 30 fps for most configurations, 60 fps if you have the CPU and bandwidth to support it
  145.  
  146. FPS (Frame Per Second,每秒畫格數)
  147. 每一秒輸出幾張畫面。如果你有個不錯的硬體,60fps可以讓畫面非常流暢,適合FPS或是格鬥這些高度動作場景的遊戲。FPS會直接影響到CPU的使用率,60fps的使用率大概就會是30fps的兩倍;然而,60fps並不需要的兩倍的位元速率。如果你有一個很好的CPU,但是你的上傳很慢,可以考慮把FPS增加到60來提高影片的品質。
  148.  
  149. 建議:大部分的人可以使用30fps,如果你的CPU很有餘力的話可以考慮60。
  150. 白話文:如果你的畫面動得很快,像是CS之類的第一人稱射擊遊戲,只要CPU撐得住就設定成60。普羅大眾可以設定成30。CPU真的撐不住的情況可以降低到20或甚至15─但是影像就會沒有那麼流暢。
  151.  
  152. Disable Aero
  153. This will turn off Aero (desktop compositing) on Windows Vista or Windows 7. If you are using Software Capture and using monitor capture, disabling Aero will result in higher performance capture. Conversely, if you are using window capture, you want to keep Aero on, as then OBS can copy directly from the individual window surface that Aero maintains, which is higher performance and also works even when the window is obscured.
  154.  
  155. Recommended: Disable Aero if using monitor capture, leave enabled if using window capture. If using neither, disabling Aero can have a very minor performance improvement for games.
  156.  
  157. 啟動時停用Aero
  158. 這會關閉Windows Vista和Windows 7中的Aero桌面功能。如果你用的是"全螢幕擷取",關閉Aero可能會得到比較高的擷取效能;相對的,如果你在用"視窗擷取",那你很可能會想要打開Aero,這樣OBS就能夠直接從特定的視窗取得畫面,會有比較高的效率,而且他甚至在視窗被其他東西擋住的時候也能夠直接擷取。
  159.  
  160. 建議:如果你想擷取全螢幕,選擇"停用Aero"。如果你想擷取視窗,那就不要打這個勾。如果兩者都不是,那麼關閉Aero可能會有微小的效能提升。
  161.  
  162. 譯者註:如果你今天開的不是遊戲,而且會產生很多子視窗,而且你想要把子視窗的內容也送到畫面上,請停用Aero。擷取視窗的情況下,如果同時啟用了Aero,是不會看到任何的子視窗的─因為他們是不同的視窗,不會互相擋住。反過來說,如果你擷取的那個視窗不會產生任何的子視窗,或是你沒有想要把子視窗實況出來,請繼續使用Aero。
  163.  
  164. Audio
  165. 音效
  166.  
  167. Most of this should be self explanatory. If you do not use a mic or other auxiliary input, set this to Disabled to conserve some resources.
  168. 這裡的選項大部分都不用解釋。
  169. 如果你不需要用到麥克風或是一些其他的音訊輸入,那就把"麥克風/輔助音訊裝置"設定成"停用"。
  170.  
  171. Advanced
  172. 進階
  173.  
  174. Changing advanced options should never be done unless you fully understand what you are doing. You can very easily end up with a bad quality stream, throughput problems or excessive CPU usage by changing these settings.
  175. 除非你真的了解你在做什麼,不然最好不要動這裡的任何選項,否則你很可能會讓你的實況品質變的非常差,或是讓你的CPU使用率變得非常高。
  176. 白話文:反正盡量不要動這裡的選項就對了。
  177. 譯者註:OBS 0.50之後的版本中,進階選項的頁面中多了一個"預設"的按鈕。如果你真的動到這裡的設定值,感到非常後悔可是不記得怎麼改回來,就按下預設吧。(但是他不會把延遲係數改回來,這個bug可能很快就會修正。)
  178.  
  179. Use Multithreaded Optimizations
  180. This will use multiple threads for color space conversion, maximizing benefit from multi-core CPUs. There's almost no need to ever turn this off.
  181.  
  182. Recommended: On
  183.  
  184. 使用多執行緒最佳化
  185. 這會讓OBS在執行色彩編碼轉換時使用之類的工作時使用多核心CPU,已達到更高的效能。應該不太會有任何情況會需要把這個功能取消掉。
  186. 建議:開啟。
  187.  
  188. Process Priority Class
  189. Set the windows priority for the OBS process. If you are streaming high CPU games and you want your stream to be the best quality regardless of how laggy your game gets, you can set the process class to Above Normal, which will guarantee OBS gets any CPU it needs before any other apps. This can very easily cause your games and other apps to lag.
  190.  
  191. Recommended: Normal
  192.  
  193. 程序優先級別
  194. 這是在設定OBS這個程序的優先權。如果你實況的遊戲非常吃CPU,而且你希望你放出來的畫質盡可能的好,即使代價是犧牲遊戲的流暢度也在所不惜,那麼你可以把這個選項設定成"高於一般",這會讓OBS保證可以比其他程式都優先搶到CPU。但是這非常可能會讓你的遊戲和其他的應用程式的延遲變的很嚴重。
  195.  
  196. 建議:一般
  197.  
  198. x264 CPU Preset
  199. This is an internal quality / time tradeoff scale in x264. A faster preset means less time will be spent encoding, but the image quality will be worse. A slower preset will increase CPU usage, but the image quality will be slightly better. You will almost always get better quality improvements from either a higher FPS, higher resolution or an increased bitrate. Changing this setting to improve quality is not recommended as the improvements are very minor and come at a great CPU cost. Going faster than veryfast will also disable many x264 optimizations and your stream quality will suffer. If you have constant CPU usage (eg a capture card) and know for certain you have spare CPU resources, you can set a slower preset for a very minor quality improvement. If you notice you have low FPS or lagged frames, you may have set your preset too slow.
  200.  
  201. Recommended: veryfast
  202.  
  203. x264 CPU 預設
  204. 這是在品質和時間中取得平衡的方式。一個比較快的設定值表示會讓用比較少的時間進行編碼,但是影像的品質可能會比較差。一個比較慢的設定值表示會增加CPU的使用率,但是影像的畫質會稍微提高。然而,你幾乎總是可以從較高的FPS,較高的解析度或較高的位元速率來更有效的提高你的畫質。更動這個設定值能夠造成的改善非常有限,而且他很可能會非常的吃CPU使用率。把這個選項設定到高於veryfast就會關閉很多x264的最佳化功能,因而會大幅降低影像品質。如果你是用影像擷取卡,同時你知道你的CPU確實非常的閒置,那你可以試著使用慢一點的設定,來得到好一點點的品質─然而你發現你的FPS太低,或是影像有延遲,那表示這個設定值太低。
  205.  
  206. 建議:veryfast
  207. 白話文:veryfast,除非你的CPU很好而且你想要燒他才調低,然後絕對不要調的更高。
  208.  
  209. Use CFR
  210. This will force OBS to output at a constant frame rate, duplicating frames if necessary to achieve this. This is intended to make the video file compatible with editors that cannot handle VFR. Not recommended unless you are creating videos for further editing and you are having problems.
  211.  
  212. Recommended: Off
  213.  
  214. 使用CFR
  215. 強迫OBS輸出固定的FPS,在畫格數不足的時候會複製原本的畫格來補足。這個選項是設計用來輸出給一些不支援VFR的影片剪輯軟體。除非你是用OBS來錄製用來後製剪輯的影像,不然不建議開啟這個設定。
  216.  
  217. 建議:關閉。
  218.  
  219. Custom x264 Encoding Settings
  220. If you understand x264 internals, you can override any of the internal x264 parameters here. Do not paste anything that you may have found in any guides, you should never need to specify anything here. This is mainly for developers or users who understand the x264 internals to be able to experiment with x264.
  221.  
  222. Recommended: None
  223.  
  224. 自訂x264編碼設定
  225. 如果你了解x264的內部運作,你可以在這裡覆蓋掉所有你需要的x264選項。如果你在一些教學裡面查到關於這格的一些設定,可是你並不完全了解他,請千萬不要直接貼上。這個選項主要是設計來讓一些了解x264的開發者可以做一些實驗性的功能。
  226.  
  227. 建議:空白。
  228.  
  229. Allow 61-120 FPS Entry
  230. Allows you go go above 60 FPS on the Video settings. Most people only have 60 Hz screens, so going higher FPS is almost never needed. This is an advanced option for people looking to experiment only.
  231.  
  232. Recommended: Off
  233.  
  234.  
  235. Force Audio Time to Sync To Video Time
  236. This will construct audio timestamps from the video source, usually you would do this if experiencing A/V sync issues with a bad audio device.
  237.  
  238. Recommended: Off, unless you are having sync issues.
  239.  
  240. 強制音訊同步影像時間
  241. 這會在影片中插入一些音訊的時間標記。如果你的音訊裝置有些問題,造成你的影像和聲音不同步,可以試試看這個選項。
  242.  
  243. 建議:關閉,除非你有影像和聲音不同步的問題。
  244. 譯者註:其實大部分的人遇到的不同步問題好像不能用這個選項解決。
  245.  
  246. Use Higher Quality Audio Resampling
  247. If your audio source is not 44,100 KHz, OBS will resample it. This setting enables sinc interpolation instead of linear interpolation, which results in slightly higher quality at the expense of a small increase in CPU usage. Some users report a hiss / static sound is present when this option is off, in which case you may want to turn it on.
  248.  
  249. Recommended: Off
  250.  
  251. 使用高品質重新採樣
  252. 如果你的聲音來源不是44100KHz,那OBS在輸出的時候會自動做重採樣。這個選項可以強迫OBS用sinc重採樣來達到稍微較高的品質。有些使用者有遇到一些固定雜音的問題,在這種情況可能可以試著打開這個選項。
  253.  
  254. 建議:關閉。
  255. 譯者註:OBS 0.48之後的版本移除了這個選項。大概是沒有人需要這件事情吧。
  256.  
  257. Bind To Interface
  258. If you have multiple network interfaces, select the one which you wish OBS to use.
  259.  
  260. Recommended: Default
  261.  
  262. 綁定介面
  263. 如果你有不只一張網路卡有連上網路,請選擇你希望OBS用哪一張。
  264.  
  265. 建議:Default
  266. 譯者註:我住的學校宿舍的上傳比不上我的手機上傳,所以我曾經用過這個功能強迫電腦從USB走手機上傳。不過正常人應該不會用到這個功能啦。
  267.  
  268. Automatic Low Latency Mode
  269. Latency Tuning Factor
  270. These are advanced options used to fine tune the "Minimize network impact" option. The effect varies depending on the network conditions. You should not touch these unless instructed to do so by a developer.
  271. 自動低延遲模式
  272. 延遲綁定係數
  273. 這些是前面"低延遲模式"的進階選項。除非你被開發者直接指導,不然你應該不要動這些選項。
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