2019-09-18 TOEFL: history, reading ref/ins

Greg Malivuk
gmalivuk@staffordhouse.com
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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https://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-history-of-the-world-according-to-cats-eva-maria-geigl
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Errors handout part B - Find and correct the mistakes in the text.

...others think it is owning houses and cars and going on expensive holidays.
...others think it is buying houses, cars, and expensive holidays.
“Whatever kind of success you choose” is a fragment. It’s meaning is a kind of success.
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History Vocabulary - Choose the word from the sentences that has each meaning.
1 invention (invent, inventor, inventive)
2 kingdom
3 rule (ruler, ruling)
4 period (This is the most general term. Specific periods can have names including “era” and “age”.)
5 construct (construction, constructive)
6 restrict (restriction, restrictive, restricted)
7 ancient (adjective, and a noun for people who lived at that time)
8 society (societal)
9 document (noun and verb, documentation, documented)
10 hierarchy (hierarchical)
11 found (foundation)
12 civilization (civilize, civilized, civilizing)
13 settler (settle, settlement) - settlers set up new communities and settlements
14 establish (establishment, established)
15 overthrow (verb and noun)
16 monarchy (monarch)
17 revolutionary (revolution, revolutionize, revolutionized/ing)
18 declare (declaration, declarative)
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find - found (to discover something)
found - founded (to set up something)
fund - funded (to pay for something)
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BREAK
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part A - Choose the correct word
1 a
2 c
3 b
4 a
5 c
6 c
7 b
8 b
part B - Write the correct word forms
1 settled
2 established/constructed
3 documents
4 society
5 hierarchy
6 rulers
7 constructed
8 overthrown (throw - threw - thrown)
9 declared
10 period
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Sentence Insertion and Reference questions
- Reference questions (which ask you to identify what a pronoun refers to) aren’t common (and maybe aren’t used at all) on the latest TOEFL, but it’s still an important skill.
- Insertion questions are near the end of the questions for each passage, and there’s only one per passage on the TOEFL.
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Oxford exercise 2R3
1 c
2 d
3 b
4 b
5 d
6 b
7 c
8 c
exercise 2R4 - Do the same for a longer passage about Gandhi
1 c
2 b
3 c
4 c
5 c
6 c
7 b
8 d
9 b
10 b
11 d
12 b
13 c
14 c
15 b
exercise 2R8 - fast food addiction
1 d (It could mean the US’s if the preposition were “with” instead of “in”.)
2 c
3 d
4 a
5 c
6 b
7 b
8 d
9 b
10 d
11 a
12 c
13 b
14 b
15 d (The whole relationship is what might be the basis or the outcome of obesity.)
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heft = weight
heafty = heavy
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I didn’t use to eat fast food in Venezuela because it’s so expensive.
I’m not used to eating fast food because it’s so expensive in Venezuela.