2019-07-08 Writing: sentence types and runons

Greg Malivuk
gmalivuk@staffordhouse.com
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - Notes from all classes
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Types of Sentences
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A simple sentence has one clause (subject + predicate):
	I teach English.
	She is having a party.
	They are going to be studying all weekend.
A compound sentence has two (or more) independent clauses:
	She is having a party, but I don’t want to go.
	I teach English, and my wife does graphic design.
	I teach English, my wife does graphic design, and her sister designs clothes.
	(If there are more than two clauses, use just a comma before the end, where you use “and” or “or”.)
A complex sentence has an independent clause and at least one dependent clause:
	They’re going to be studying all weekend because they have a test on Monday.
	Because they have a test on Monday, they’re going to be studying all weekend.
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The conjunction in the middle of a compound sentence is a coordinating conjunction.
The list of coordinating conjunctions can spell “fan boys”:
	for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so
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I don’t want to go out, and I don’t want to watch a movie.
	= I don’t want to go out, nor do I want to watch a movie.
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It’s also possible to have a compound subject or predicate:
I teach English and study Thai. - compound predicate (SVV), simple sentence
Ashley and Greg teach English. - compound subject (SSV), simple sentence
Ashley and Greg teach English and study Thai. - compound subject and predicate (SSVV), simple sentence
Ashley and Greg teach English, and Greg studies Thai. - compound sentence (SSV, and SV)
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p. 59 practice 12A - Identify the type and pattern of each sentence.
3 simple; SVV
4 compound; SV, or SVV
5 simple; SV
6 compound; SV, and SV
7 compound; SV, but SV
8 compound; SV, but SV
9 simple; SSV
10 compound; SV, and SV
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Run-on sentences are “too long”.
They are often compound sentences without the conjunction or comma.
(Comma splices include the comma but no conjunction.)
	run-on: My classmate is interesting he is from Spain.
	comma splice: My classmate studies a lot, he gets good grades.
You can often fix them by adding the comma and conjunction, or by starting a new sentence:
	My classmate is interesting. He is from Spain.
	My classmate studies a lot, so he gets good grades.
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*My mom and my aunt and my uncle were born in Michigan.
-> My mom, my aunt(,) and my uncle were born in Michigan.
	(I put a comma before the conjunction. You don’t have to. Just be consistent.)
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_comma - Some people have strong feelings about this.)
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Handout - Try to correct the run-on sentences with your partner.
There are usually several ways to fix each one.
Example: He put on some sunscreen because the sun was extremely hot. He wanted to go inside.
	He put on some sunscreen. The sun was extremely hot, and he wanted to go inside.
1 My father, father(,) and sister are coming to dinner tonight.
2 I like learning English, but it makes me tired.
3 My sister was taller than me when we were young, but now I am the tallest. It is fun.
  My sister was taller than me when we were young. Now I am the tallest(,) and it is fun.
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Homework: finish the handout